Prediction of nitrate concentration and the impact of land use types on groundwater in the Nansi Lake Basin.

Groundwater faces a pervasive threat from anthropogenic nitrate contamination worldwide, particularly in regions characterized by intensive agricultural practices. This study examines groundwater quality in the Nansi Lake Basin (NSLB), emphasizing nitrate (NO-N) contamination. Utilizing 422 groundwater samples, it investigates hydrochemical dynamics and the impact of land use on groundwater composition.

Genomic characterization of Escherichia coli with a polyketide synthase (pks) island isolated from ulcerative colitis patients.

The E. coli strains harboring the polyketide synthase (pks) island encode the genotoxin colibactin, a secondary metabolite reported to have severe implications for human health and for the progression of colorectal cancer. The present study involves whole-genome-wide comparison and phylogenetic analysis of pks harboring E.

Mobilization and enrichment of geogenic iodine in a floodplain groundwater system: New insights from sources and characterization of dissolved organic matter.

High iodine groundwater occurs widely in the lower reaches of Yellow River floodplain, which has aroused public concern. The biogeochemical behavior of dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a crucial role in the mobilizing iodine from aquifer media. In this study, the molecular composition of DOM in groundwater characterized by FT-ICR-MS, and the optical properties of organic matter obtained by combining three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (EEM ⁃ PARAFAC), were used to elucidate the effect of DOM on the migration and enrichment of iodine in groundwater in the eastern Henan Plain, which is located in the lower reaches of Yellow River floodplain, Northern China.

Geogenic fluorine-contaminated groundwater increases fluorosis risk in communities of northern cold regions: Genesis mechanism and exposure pathways.

Geogenic fluorine-contaminated groundwater (F >1 mg/L) prevails in cold Mollisol regions of the world. Seasonal variation of F concentration in groundwater likely renders multiple pathways of toxic-level F exposure, posing unrecognized health risk to many economically challenged communities. Herein, different types of samples within the groundwater-soil-crop-human hair network were collected from the Mollisol regions of northeastern China and assessed by joint approach of medical geochemical assay, hydrogeochemical modeling, and health risk indexation.

Effect of Industrial Solid Waste as Fillers on the Rheology and Surface Free Energy of Asphalt Mastic.

The continuous growth of industrial solid waste production has generated many environmental problems. We evaluated the potential of industrial solid waste as a substitute filler in asphalt mastic, with the aim of increasing the use of sustainable road construction materials. In this study, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the oxide composition and micromorphology of limestone (LS), red mud (RM), steel slag (SS), and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS).

A method of genetic transformation and gene editing of succulents without tissue culture.

Succulents, valued for their drought tolerance and ornamental appeal, are important in the floriculture market. However, only a handful of succulent species can be genetically transformed, making it difficult to improve these plants through genetic engineering. In this study, we adapted the recently developed cut-dip-budding (CDB) gene delivery system to transform three previously recalcitrant succulent varieties - the dicotyledonous Kalanchoe blossfeldiana and Crassula arborescens and the monocotyledonous Sansevieria trifasciata.

Key enzymes involved in the utilization of fatty acids by : a review.

is a eukaryotic organism with a clear genetic background and mature gene operating system; in addition, it exhibits environmental tolerance. Therefore, is one of the most commonly used organisms for the synthesis of biological chemicals. The investigation of fatty acid catabolism in is crucial for the synthesis and accumulation of fatty acids and their derivatives, with β-oxidation being the predominant pathway responsible for fatty acid metabolism in this organism, occurring primarily within peroxisomes.

Hydrogeochemistry and prediction of arsenic contamination in groundwater of Vehari, Pakistan: comparison of artificial neural network, random forest and logistic regression models.

Arsenic contamination in the groundwater occurs in various parts of the world due to anthropogenic and natural sources, adversely affecting human health and ecosystems. The current study intends to examine the groundwater hydrogeochemistry containing elevated arsenic (As), predict As levels in groundwater, and determine the aptness of groundwater for drinking in the Vehari district, Pakistan. Four hundred groundwater samples from the study region were collected for physiochemical analysis.

Assessment of landcover impacts on the groundwater quality using hydrogeochemical and geospatial techniques.

Groundwater quality is influenced by urbanization and land use land cover (LULC) changes. This study investigated their impact on groundwater quality in Quetta City, Pakistan, from 2015 to 2021. About 58 groundwater samples from monitoring wells were analyzed using hydrogeochemical and statistical methods.

Natural and anthropogenic factors regulating fluoride enrichment in groundwater of the Nansi Lake Basin, Northern China.

Excess fluoride (F) in groundwater can be hazardous to human health of local residents who rely upon it. Beside natural sources, anthropogenic input may be an additional source to be considered. Twenty surface water and 396 groundwater samples were collected from the Nansi Lake Basin, with hydrogeochemical and isotope techniques employed to clarify the spatial variability, source, and the natural and anthropogenic factors regulating the occurrence of high F groundwater.

Formosanin C suppresses cancer cell proliferation and migration by impeding autophagy machinery.

Formosanin C (FC) is a natural compound extracted from Paris formosana Hayata with anticancer activity. FC induces both autophagy and apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. FC-induced depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) may trigger mitophagy.

Groundwater fluoride and nitrate contamination and associated human health risk assessment in South Punjab, Pakistan.

Consumption of high fluoride (F) and nitrate (NO) containing water may pose serious health hazards. One hundred sixty-one groundwater samples were collected from drinking wells in Khushab district, Punjab Province, Pakistan, to determine the causes of elevated F and NO concentrations, and to estimate the human health risks posed by groundwater contamination. The results showed pH of the groundwater samples ranged from slightly neutral to alkaline, and Na and HCO ions dominated the groundwater.

Origin and Enrichment Mechanisms of Salinity and Fluoride in Sedimentary Aquifers of Datong Basin, Northern China.

The exposure of inhabitants to high fluoride and saline groundwater is the main health issue in Datong Basin, Northern China. This study aims to elucidate the spatial distribution and the mechanisms of high fluoride and salinity occurrence in the shallow sedimentary aquifers of the Datong Basin. Groundwater salinity and fluoride content, and their association with measured hydrochemical parameters, were conducted using multivariate statistical analyses.

Silver-promoted solid-phase guanidinylation enables the first synthesis of arginine glycosylated Samoamide A cyclopeptide analogue.

Cyclization and glycosylation serve as effective approaches for enhancing the drug properties of peptides. Distinct from typical glycosylation, atypical arginine N-glycosylation has drawn increasing attention due to its fundamental role in various cellular procedures and signaling pathways. We previously developed a robust strategy for constructing arginine N-glycosylated peptides characterized by silver-promoted solid-phase guanidinylation.

BMX, a specific HDAC8 inhibitor, with TMZ for advanced CRC therapy: a novel synergic effect to elicit p53-, β-catenin- and MGMT-dependent apoptotic cell death.

Background: Despite advances in treatment, patients with refractory colorectal cancer (CRC) still have poor long-term survival, so there is a need for more effective therapeutic options.

Methods: To evaluate the HDAC8 inhibition efficacy as a CRC treatment, we examined the effects of various HDAC8 inhibitors (HDAC8i), including BMX (NBM-T-L-BMX-OS01) in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) or other standard CRC drugs on p53 mutated HT29 cells, as well as wild-type p53 HCT116 and RKO cells.

Results: We showed that HDAC8i with TMZ cotreatment resulted in HT29 arrest in the S and G2/M phase, whereas HCT116 and RKO arrest in the G0/G1 phase was accompanied by high sub-G1.

Virofree, an Herbal Medicine-Based Formula, Interrupts the Viral Infection of Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a threat with the emergence of new variants, especially Delta and Omicron, without specific effective therapeutic drugs. The infection causes dysregulation of the immune system with a cytokine storm that eventually leads to fatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and further irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, the promising way to inhibit infection is to disrupt the binding and fusion between the viral spike and the host ACE2 receptor.

Suboptimal folic acid exposure rewires oncogenic metabolism and proteomics signatures to mediate human breast cancer malignancy.

Whether treatment with folic acid (FA) affects human breast cancer positively or negatively remains unclear. We subjected human Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 cells, a human breast cancer cell line, to suboptimal FA at low levels (10 nM; LF) and high levels (50 μM; HF) and investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying their effects through metabolic flux and systematic proteomics analyses. The data indicated that LF induced and HF aggravated 2-fold higher mitochondrial toxicity in terms of suppressed oxidative respiration, increased fermented glycolysis, and enhanced anchorage-independent oncospheroid formation.

Vulnerability of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer to Saponin Formosanin C-Induced Ferroptosis.

Targeting ferritin via autophagy (ferritinophagy) to induce ferroptosis, an iron- and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent cell death, provides novel strategies for cancer therapy. Using a ferroptosis-specific inhibitor and iron chelator, the vulnerability of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cells to ferroptosis was identified and compared to that of luminal A MCF-7 cells. Saponin formosanin C (FC) was revealed as a potent ferroptosis inducer characterized by superior induction in cytosolic and lipid ROS formation as well as GPX4 depletion in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Arsenic removal by manganese-doped mesoporous iron oxides from groundwater: Performance and mechanism.

FeMn bimetallic oxides have been widely used in catalytic adsorption due to their large pore size, large specific surface area and mesoporous structure, which have great potential for high As groundwater remediation. In this study, FeMn composite oxide was synthesized by template-free route and forming mesopores through high temperature calcination, and its efficiency and mechanism for As removal were subsequently investigated. The results showed that the different Fe/Mn molar ratios and calcination temperatures have important effect on FeMn composite oxides performance.

The dual role of oxygen in redox-mediated removal of aqueous arsenic(III/V) by Fe-modified biochar.

The Fe-modified biochar (FeBC) was used to remove aqueous As(III/V), and the role of oxygen (O) in As removal was investigated by integrating aqueous and solid analyses. The removal efficiencies for As(III) and As(V) increased from 86.4% and 99.

Chemical processes of Cr(VI) removal by Fe-modified biochar under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and mechanism characterization under aerobic conditions using synchrotron-related techniques.

Fe-modified biochar (FeBC) has been considered for aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) removal, but a better understanding is needed with respect to the removal behavior, chemical processes, and removal mechanisms under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Aqueous Cr(VI) removal was evaluated using unmodified (BC) and FeBC. The Cr(VI) was completely removed in a pH range of 2-10.

Design, synthesis and antitumour evaluation of novel anthraquinone derivatives.

We report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 13 new and 1 known anthraquinone derivatives which exerted cytotoxicity against PC3, A549 and NTUB1 cell lines. The results indicate that, among these 14, compounds-1 and 14 showed the highest growth inhibitory effect on NTUB1 and PC3 cells, respectively. Compound-1 at lower doses targets DNA, induces DNA damage and subsequently triggers G2/M arrest and apoptotic cell death at 24 h.