Effects of wetland disturbance on methane emissions and influential factors: A global meta-analysis of field studies.

Wetlands, one of the largest source of methane (CH) on Earth, are undergoing extensive disturbance globally, resulting in profound impacts on global changes. This study conducted a comprehensive global meta-analysis of field studies to assess the effects of wetland disturbance on CH emissions and the key factors influencing these changes. Our analysis indicates that while CH emissions generally decrease following wetland disturbance, the global warming potential does not necessarily diminish compared to that of natural wetlands.

[The analysis of gene screening results for common hereditary hearing loss in 2 102 pregnant women in Dali area].

By conducting genetic testing of hereditary hearing loss in pregnant women within 17 weeks of gestation in Dali areas, the importance of genetic testing and genetic counseling during pregnancy was emphasized. Twenty-one mutation sites of 4 hearing loss genes, including , , and , were detected by PCR amplification technology. The positive ratio, mutation ratio and ethnic distribution of positive samples were statistically described.

[Tympanoplasty with and without mastoidectomy for the treatment of active efficacy analysis of chronic suppurative otitis media of simple type].

To analyze the surgical efficacy and safety of tympanoplasty with and without mastoidectomy for the treatment of active simple chronic suppurative otitis media（CSOM）, and to investigate whether mastoidectomy can be avoided in tympanoplasty for active CSOM. The clinical data of 55 patients（55 ears） with active CSOM were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the development of the mastoid process and the upper tympanic chamber, patients who met the criteria for wall-up mastoidectomy were classified as group A （30 patients）, and underwent tympanoplasty combined with wall-up mastoidectomy.

Analysis and Functional Prediction of Core Bacteria in the Rhizosphere Microbiome under Drought Stress.

The effects of global warming, population growth, and economic development are increasing the frequency of extreme weather events, such as drought. Among abiotic stresses, drought has the greatest impact on soil biological activity and crop yields. The rhizosphere microbiota, which represents a second gene pool for plants, may help alleviate the effects of drought on crops.

PKHD1L1 is required for stereocilia bundle maintenance, durable hearing function and resilience to noise exposure.

Sensory hair cells of the cochlea are essential for hearing, relying on the mechanosensitive stereocilia bundle at their apical pole for their function. Polycystic Kidney and Hepatic Disease 1-Like 1 (PKHD1L1) is a stereocilia protein required for normal hearing in mice, and for the formation of the transient stereocilia surface coat, expressed during early postnatal development. While the function of the stereocilia coat remains unclear, growing evidence supports PKHD1L1 as a human deafness gene.

A Synthetic Microbiome Based on Dominant Microbes in Wild Rice Rhizosphere to Promote Sulfur Utilization.

Sulfur (S) is one of the main components of important biomolecules, which has been paid more attention in the anaerobic environment of rice cultivation. In this study, 12 accessions of rice materials, belonging to two Asian rice domestication systems and one African rice domestication system, were used by shotgun metagenomics sequencing to compare the structure and function involved in S cycle of rhizosphere microbiome between wild and cultivated rice. The sulfur cycle functional genes abundances were significantly different between wild and cultivated rice rhizosphere in the processes of sulfate reduction and other sulfur compounds conversion, implicating that wild rice had a stronger mutually-beneficial relationship with rhizosphere microbiome, enhancing sulfur utilization.

Straw Soil Conditioner Modulates Key Soil Microbes and Nutrient Dynamics across Different Maize Developmental Stages.

Soil amendments may enhance crop yield and quality by increasing soil nutrient levels and improving nutrient absorption efficiency, potentially through beneficial microbial interactions. In this work, the effects of amending soil with straw-based carbon substrate (SCS), a novel biochar material, on soil nutrients, soil microbial communities, and maize yield were compared with those of soil amendment with conventional straw. The diversity and abundance of soil bacterial and fungal communities were significantly influenced by both the maize growth period and the treatment used.

Integrated microbiology and metabolomic analysis reveal the improvement of rice straw silage quality by inoculation of Lactobacillus brevis.

Background: Ensiling technology holds promise for preserving and providing high-quality forage. However, the preservation of rice straw poses challenges due to its high lignocellulosic content and low water-soluble carbohydrate levels. Developing highly effective lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for rice straw silage remains a priority.

Isolation and Identification of Biocontrol Bacteria against Root Rot and Their Effects.

Fusarium root rot (FRR) seriously affects the growth and productivity of . Therefore, protecting from FRR has become an important task, especially for increasing production. The purpose of this study was to screen FRR control strains from the rhizosphere soil.

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of OsSPXs Revealed Its Genetic Influence on Cold Tolerance of Dongxiang Wild Rice (DXWR).

SPX-domain proteins (small proteins with only the SPX domain) have been proven to be involved in phosphate-related signal transduction and regulation pathways. Except for research showing that it plays a role in the process of rice adaptation to cold stress, the potential functions of other genes in cold stress are unknown. Therefore, in this study, we identified six from the whole genome of DXWR.

Advances in cold-adapted enzymes derived from microorganisms.

Cold-adapted enzymes, produced in cold-adapted organisms, are a class of enzyme with catalytic activity at low temperatures, high temperature sensitivity, and the ability to adapt to cold stimulation. These enzymes are largely derived from animals, plants, and microorganisms in polar areas, mountains, and the deep sea. With the rapid development of modern biotechnology, cold-adapted enzymes have been implemented in human and other animal food production, the protection and restoration of environments, and fundamental biological research, among other areas.

Addition of cellulose degrading bacterial agents promoting keystone fungal-mediated cellulose degradation during aerobic composting: Construction the complex co-degradation system.

To excavate a complex co-degradation system for decomposing cellulose more efficiently, cellulose-degrading bacteria, including Bacillus subtilis WF-8, Bacillus licheniformis WF-11, Bacillus Cereus WS-1 and Streptomyces Nogalater WF-10 were added during maize straw and cattle manure aerobic composting. Bacillus and Streptomyces successfully colonized, which improve cellulose degrading ability. Continuous colonization of cellulose-degrading bacteria can promote the fungi to produce more precursors for humus and promote the negative correlation with Ascomycota.

Reprogramming by drug-like molecules leads to regeneration of cochlear hair cell-like cells in adult mice.

Strategies to overcome irreversible cochlear hair cell (HC) damage and loss in mammals are of vital importance to hearing recovery in patients with permanent hearing loss. In mature mammalian cochlea, co-activation of and reprograms supporting cells (SC) and promotes HC regeneration. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms may aid the development of a clinically relevant approach to achieve HC regeneration in the nontransgenic mature cochlea.

Biochar Blended with Nitrogen Fertilizer Promotes Maize Yield by Altering Soil Enzyme Activities and Organic Carbon Content in Black Soil.

Biochar and nitrogen fertilizers are known to increase soil carbon storage and reduce soil nitrogen loss as amendments, suggesting a promising strategy for highly effectively increasing soil productivity. However, few studies have explored the mechanisms of their effects on crop yield in terms of active carbon fraction and enzyme activity, which ultimately limits the potential for the application of biochar in combination with nitrogen fertilizers. To evaluate the effect of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer on the improvement of black soils in northeast China, a field experiment was conducted in the black soil to compare and analyze the application methods on total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), enzyme activities, and maize yields.

Nitrogen, manganese, iron, and carbon resource acquisition are potential functions of the wild rice Oryza rufipogon core rhizomicrobiome.

Background: The assembly of the rhizomicrobiome, i.e., the microbiome in the soil adhering to the root, is influenced by soil conditions.

Biodegradable microplastics impact the uptake of Cd in rice: The roles of niche breadth and assembly process.

Biodegradable microplastics (MPs) can impact the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) by plants, however, its mechanisms have not been fully understood. In this study, two biodegradable MPs, polypropylene carbonate (PPC) and polylactic acid (PLA), were used to examine their influences on the uptake of Cd in rice plants. Results showed that PPC significantly reduced the accumulation of Cd in rice root and aerial part, whereas PLA increased the Cd concentrations in rice root.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover lignin by laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase.

Lignin of high purity and structural integrity was isolated from the enzymatic residue of corn stover. Degradation of the lignin by laccase, lignin peroxidase, and manganese peroxidase was investigated. Structural changes in the lignin after degradation were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the enzymatic products were systematically analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.

KARRIKIN UPREGULATED F-BOX 1 negatively regulates drought tolerance in Arabidopsis.

The karrikin (KAR) receptor and several related signaling components have been identified by forward genetic screening, but only a few studies have reported on upstream and downstream KAR signaling components and their roles in drought tolerance. Here, we characterized the functions of KAR UPREGULATED F-BOX 1 (KUF1) in drought tolerance using a reverse genetics approach in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We observed that kuf1 mutant plants were more tolerant to drought stress than wild-type (WT) plants.

A review on the impact of domestication of the rhizosphere of grain crops and a perspective on the potential role of the rhizosphere microbial community for sustainable rice crop production.

The rhizosphere-associated microbiome impacts plant performance and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Despite increasing recognition of the enormous functional role of the rhizomicrobiome on the survival of wild plant species growing under harsh environmental conditions, such as nutrient, water, temperature, and pathogen stresses, the utilization of the rhizosphere microbial community in domesticated rice production systems has been limited. Better insight into how this role of the rhizomicrobiome for the performance and survival of wild plants has been changed during domestication and development of present domesticated crops, may help to assess the potential of the rhizomicrobial community to improve the sustainable production of these crops.

Effects of exogenous cellulose-degrading bacteria on humus formation and bacterial community stability during composting.

This study aimed to reveal the potential mechanism of influence exogenous cellulose-degrading bacteria (ECDB) exerted on humus synthesis during the co-composting of corn straw and cattle manure. By measuring the changes in physicochemical factors and bacterial communities, it was revealed that inoculation with ECDB enhanced the driving force of cellulose degradation and humus synthesis. ECDB not only directly participated in cellulose degradation as degrading bacteria, but also changed the bacterial community succession, and increased the abundance of bacterial communities associated with cellulose degradation.

SUPPRESSOR of MAX2 1 (SMAX1) and SMAX1-LIKE2 (SMXL2) Negatively Regulate Drought Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Recent investigations in Arabidopsis thaliana suggest that SUPPRESSOR of MORE AXILLARY GROWTH 2 1 (SMAX1) and SMAX1-LIKE2 (SMXL2) are negative regulators of karrikin (KAR) and strigolactone (SL) signaling during plant growth and development, but their functions in drought resistance and related mechanisms of action remain unclear. To understand the roles and mechanisms of SMAX1 and SMXL2 in drought resistance, we investigated the drought-resistance phenotypes and transcriptome profiles of smax1 smxl2 (s1,2) double-mutant plants in response to drought stress. The s1,2 mutant plants showed enhanced drought-resistance and lower leaf water loss when compared with wild-type (WT) plants.

Current Studies of the Effects of Drought Stress on Root Exudates and Rhizosphere Microbiomes of Crop Plant Species.

With the warming global climate, drought stress is considered to be the most important abiotic factor limiting plant growth and yield in the world. Drought stress has serious impacts on crop production. Many researchers have studied the influences of drought stress on crop production and plant physiology; however, few researchers have combined root exudates with root-associated microbiomes for their mutual effects under drought conditions.

Microbial Cold Shock Proteins: Overview of their Function and Mechanism of Action.

The organism responds to a decrease in temperature by producing a series of cold shock proteins (CSPs). These proteins play a critical role in growing and functioning characteristics at low temperatures. CSPs have been discovered in a wide range of organisms and have shown enormous diversity; their mechanisms of action are also complicated.