Analysis and prediction of subarachnoid hemorrhage burden in global, China, and Japan.

Background: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) remains a serious public health problem worldwide, especially in economically developed regions/countries. This study intends to thoroughly analyze the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate of SAH at the global, regional, and national levels. This study focused on the differences in SAH incidence between China and Japan from 1990 to 2019, and projected global, Chinese, and Japanese SAH incidence rates until 2030.

SIRT2 Promotes NLRP3-Mediated Microglia Pyroptosis and Neuroinflammation via FOXO3a Pathway After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Purpose: This study primarily elucidating the specific mechanism of SIRT2 on neuroinflammation and microglial pyroptosis in a mouse model of SAH.

Patients And Methods: CSF were collected from 57 SAH patients and 11 healthy individuals. C57BL/6 mouse SAH model was established using prechiasmatic cistern blood injection and the in vitro hemoglobin (Hb) stimulation microglia model.

Determining the Optimal Age for Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass Surgery: A Post Hoc Analysis of the CMOSS Randomized Trial.

Background: Previous trials have failed to demonstrate the benefits of extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass surgery for patients with carotid or middle cerebral artery occlusion. However, little evidence has focused on the effect of age on prognosis. This study aimed to explore whether EC-IC bypass surgery can provide greater benefits than medical therapy alone in specific age groups.

Correction: Gao et al. High Expression of PDK4 Could Play a Potentially Protective Role by Attenuating Oxidative Stress after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. 2022, , 3974.

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Insulin Resistance Predicts Prognosis in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether insulin resistance (IR) could be used as a predictor of poor prognosis at 3 months after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: The study included patients aged 18 years or older with a confirmed diagnosis of SAH due to ruptured aneurysm from January 2021 to March 2024. Patients with confirmed diabetes mellitus and taking glucose-lowering drugs, or taking lipid-lowering drugs, or SAH not due to ruptured aneurysm, or comorbid systemic diseases were excluded.

Case report: Spindle cell sarcoma and pituitary adenoma in the sella region-a rare collision tumor.

Background: Collision tumors are defined as two or more distinctly bordered, mutually invasive tumors in the same anatomical region. Characterized by low incidence and lack of specificity, they often pose a significant challenge to disease diagnosis. Among these, collision tumors in the sella region are incredibly rare.

Analysis of factors influencing the occurrence of diabetes insipidus following neuroendoscopic transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas and risk assessment.

Objective: Studies have revealed a higher prevalence of diabetes insipidus in patients following resection of pituitary adenoma surgery. By comprehensively analysing the clinical history of patients undergoing endoscopic transnasal sphenoidal resection for pituitary adenomas, the factors influencing development of postoperative diabetes insipidus were investigated and a predictive model was developed to assess its risk.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 281 patients with pituitary adenomas who underwent neuroendoscopic transsphenoidal resection at our institution between October 2020 and October 2022.

Exosomes-mediated delivery of miR-486-3p alleviates neuroinflammation via SIRT2-mediated inhibition of mitophagy after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Neuroinflammation participates in the pathogenesis of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH); however, no effective treatments exist. MicroRNAs regulate several aspects of neuronal dysfunction. In a previous study, we found that exosomal miR-486-3p is involved in the pathophysiology of SAH.

Gender potentially affects early postoperative hyponatremia in pituitary adenoma: XGBoost-based predictive modeling.

Purpose: The occurrence of hyponatremia is a prevalent complication following transnasal transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma surgery, which adversely affects patient prognosis, hospitalization duration, and rehospitalization risk. The primary objective of this study is to strengthen the correlation between clinical factors associated with pituitary adenoma and postoperative hyponatremia. Additionally, the study aims to develop a predictive model for postoperative hyponatremia in patients with pituitary adenoma, with the ultimate goal of establishing a basis for reducing the occurrence of postoperative hyponatremia following surgical interventions.

Neuron-targeted liposomal coenzyme Q10 attenuates neuronal ferroptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage by activating the ferroptosis suppressor protein 1/coenzyme Q10 system.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is primarily attributed to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms and is associated with a high incidence of disability and mortality. SAH disrupts the blood‒brain barrier, leading to the release of iron ions from blood within the subarachnoid space, subsequently inducing neuronal ferroptosis. A recently discovered protein, known as ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1), exerts anti-ferroptotic effects by facilitating the conversion of oxidative coenzyme Q 10 (CoQ10) to its reduced form, which effectively scavenges reactive oxygen radicals and mitigates iron-induced ferroptosis.

Hydrogen exerts neuroprotective effects after subarachnoid hemorrhage by attenuating neuronal ferroptosis and inhibiting neuroinflammation.

Objective: Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), the third most common stroke subtype, is associated with high mortality and disability rates. Therefore, finding effective therapies to improve neurological function after SAH is critical. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of hydrogen in the context of SAH, specifically, by examining its role in attenuating neuronal ferroptosis and inhibiting neuroinflammation, which are exacerbated by excess iron ions after SAH.

Novel perfluorocarbon-based oxygenation therapy alleviates Post-SAH hypoxic brain injury by inhibiting HIF-1α.

In comparison to other stroke types, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by an early age of onset and often results in poor prognosis. The inadequate blood flow at the site of the lesion leads to localized oxygen deprivation, increased level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and triggers inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, ultimately causing hypoxic brain damage. Despite the potential benefits of oxygen (O) administration, there is currently a lack of efficient focal site O delivery following SAH.

Menaquinone-4 attenuates ferroptosis by upregulating DHODH through activation of SIRT1 after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Background: Menaquinone-4(MK-4), the isoform of vitamin K2 in the brain, exerts neuroprotective effects against a variety of central nervous system disorders. This study aimed to demonstrate the anti-ferroptosis effects of MK-4 in neurons after SAH.

Methods: A subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model was prepared by endovascular perforation in mice.