Conditional generative adversarial network-assisted system for radiation-free evaluation of scoliosis using a single smartphone photograph: a model development and validation study.

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common spinal disorder in children, characterized by insidious onset and rapid progression, which can lead to severe consequences if not detected in a timely manner. Currently, the diagnosis of AIS primarily relies on X-ray imaging. However, due to limitations in healthcare access and concerns over radiation exposure, this diagnostic method cannot be widely adopted.

Potential Interaction between and Vitamin D on Bone Qualities in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Patients and Healthy Controls.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity that is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD). Vitamin D (Vit-D) supplementation has been suggested to improve BMD in AIS, and its outcomes may be related to genetic factors. The present study aimed to (a) investigate the synergistic effect between a low BMD-related gene (wingless-related integration site 16, ) and two important Vit-D pathway genes (Vit-D receptor, and Vit-D binding protein, ) on serum Vit-D and bone qualities in Chinese AIS patients and healthy adolescents, and (b) to further investigate the effect of ablating on the cortical bone quality and whether diets with different dosages of Vit-D would further influence bone quality during the rapid growth phase in mice in the absence of .

Association of hip fractures with cardiometabolic-renal risk factors in Southern Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes - the Hong Kong Diabetes Register.

Introduction: Diabetes and bone health are closely related. We examined the incidence and risk factors of hip fractures in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective cohort, we consecutively enrolled 22,325 adults with T2D above the age of 40 years in the Hong Kong Diabetes Register between 1994 and 2015 with crude hip fracture incidence rate censored in 2017.

Genome-wide association study identifies novel susceptible loci and highlights Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in the development of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

The genetic architecture of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remains poorly understood. Here we present the result of a 4-stage genome-wide association study composed of 5,953 AIS patients and 8,137 controls. Overall, we identified three novel susceptible loci including rs7593846 at 2p14 near MEIS1 (Pcombined = 1.

Phytomolecule icaritin incorporated PLGA/TCP scaffold for steroid-associated osteonecrosis: Proof-of-concept for prevention of hip joint collapse in bipedal emus and mechanistic study in quadrupedal rabbits.

Steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) may lead to joint collapse and subsequent joint replacement. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid/tricalcium phosphate (P/T) scaffold providing sustained release of icaritin (a metabolite of Epimedium-derived flavonoids) was investigated as a bone defect filler after surgical core-decompression (CD) to prevent femoral head collapse in a bipedal SAON animal model using emu (a large flightless bird). The underlying mechanism on SAON was evaluated using a well-established quadrupedal rabbit model.

A review of pinealectomy-induced melatonin-deficient animal models for the study of etiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common orthopedic disorder of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. Melatonin and melatonin pathway dysfunction has been widely suspected to play an important role in the pathogenesis. Many different types of animal models have been developed to induce experimental scoliosis mimicking the pathoanatomical features of idiopathic scoliosis in human.

[The thoracic spine morphology under magnetic resonance imaging in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and its clinical significance].

Objectives: To evaluate and compare thoracic vertebrae morphology between patients with idiopathic and normal adolescents through MRI.

Methods: Two-dimensional sagittal MRI of the spine was performed in 10 normal adolescent, 10 patients with mild idiopathic thoracic scoliosis (Cobb angle 15 degrees - 39 degrees ) and 10 patients with moderate thoracic scoliosis (Cobb angle 40 degrees - 75 degrees ), all of them were female and between 13 - 14 years old. Sagittal imaging was reconstructed on image working station (Easy Vision, Philips Medical Systems, Best, Netherlands).

Trabecular bone micro-architecture and bone mineral density in adolescent idiopathic and congenital scoliosis.

Objective: To investigate the microstructure of trabecular bone in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and age-matched congenital scoliosis (CS), and to evaluate the bone mineral status of CS patients compared with normal controls and AIS patients.

Methods: This study included 15 AIS and 16 CS female patients and 35 healthy female adolescents. Corrective surgery was indicated for the AIS and CS patients, from whom iliac crest biopsies were collected during autograft harvesting, and scanned by micro-computer tomography.

Virtual reality techniques. Application to anatomic visualization and orthopaedics training.

Surgical training systems using virtual reality simulation techniques offer a cost-effective alternative to traditional training methods. In this sense, techniques for interactive visualization and virtual reality surgery have been one of the very important research areas. We describe various techniques we have used in developing a virtual reality system for anatomic visualization and training arthroscopic knee surgeons.

Novel approach for quantification of porosity for biomaterial implants using microcomputed tomography (microCT).

Porous bioceramics have been widely investigated in orthopaedic tissue engineering. Attention has been given to manufacturing of a porous bioceramic that mimics the trabecular bone structure for proper bone regeneration. With the advance of biomedical imaging through microcomputed tomography (microCT), this study attempted to quantify the pore structure of different bioceramics.

[Trabecular bone micro-architecture in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis compared between concave and convex site of the facet joints].

Objective: To evaluate the trabecular bone micro-structure from different sites of spine in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. The target site consisted of the bilateral facet joints from apical vertebrae and from end vertebrae.

Methods: Nine AIS patients with mean age 14.

Virtual reality based system for training on knee arthroscopic surgery.

Surgical training systems based on virtual reality (VR) and simulation techniques offer a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional training methods. This paper describes a virtual reality system for training arthroscopic knee surgery. The virtual model used in this system is constructed from the Visual Human Project dataset.

A virtual-reality training system for knee arthroscopic surgery.

Surgical training systems based on virtual-reality (VR) simulation techniques offer a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional training methods. This paper describes a VR system for training arthroscopic knee surgery. Virtual models used in this system are constructed from the Visual Human Project dataset.

Abnormal peri-pubertal anthropometric measurements and growth pattern in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a study of 598 patients.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study of anthropometric parameters in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Objective: To compare anthropometric parameters and growth pattern of AIS girls versus normal controls during peri-puberty.

Summary Of Background Data: Abnormal pattern of growth has been reported in AIS patients.