Iodine as Polarity-Reversal Catalyst: Synthesis of a Fused Heterocycle with Contiguous Stereocenters.

We report an unconventional I-catalyzed cascade reaction for the synthesis of angular triquinane derivatives with a fused heterocycle skeleton, leveraging enaminones and anilines as simple acyclic precursors. The key to success lies in I functioning as a polar-reversal catalyst, which alters the reactivity at the α-position of the enaminone and facilitates the first hexa-functionalization of an enaminone along with the formation of highly congested continuous stereocenters.

Diversity and role of volatile terpene and terpenoid pheromones in insects.

Insect pheromones are critical chemical signals that regulate intraspecific behavior and play a key role in the dynamic monitoring and control of pest populations. Historically, research on insect pheromones has primarily focused on lipid-based compounds. However, terpenes and terpenoids, which are widely occurring classes of bioactive compounds, also play significant roles in insect pheromone blends.

Intramolecular/Intermolecular Sequential Cyclization Accompanied by Double C-F Bond Cleavage: Access to Tricyclic Fluorine-Containing Pyrano[3,2-]chromenes.

Defluorinative cyclization of CF-alkenes has emerged as a reliable strategy for crafting intricate polycyclic frameworks. In this study, a facile defluorinative bicyclization approach was developed for the construction of 4,5-pyrano[3,2-]chromenes under mild conditions involving a sequence of intramolecular cyclization and intermolecular defluoroheterocyclization. A variety of polysubstituted 4,5-pyrano[3,2-]chromenes featuring C2-fluorine could be synthesized in good yields with excellent tolerance toward various functional groups.

Synthesis of 6--Spiro[4.5]decane Derivatives by Merging Ring-Opening of Benzo[]oxepines and Formal 1,2-Oxygen Migration.

A facile one-pot synthetic method has been developed for constructing 6--spiro[4.5]decane skeletons by merging the ring-opening of benzo[]oxepines and formal 1,2-oxygen migration reactions. More than 30 examples of the 6--spiro[4.

-Benzylhydroxylamine as a novel synthetic block in "C1N1" embedding reaction α-C(sp)-H activation strategy.

A novel process using -benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride as a "C1N1 synthon" in [2+2+1] cyclization for the construction of 1,2,5-trisubstituted imidazoles has been described for the first time. The key to realizing this process lies in capturing arylamines by generated novel acyl ketonitrone intermediates. Subsequent tautomerization activates the α-C(sp)-H of -benzylhydroxylamines, and thus breaks through its inherent reaction mode and achieves , α-C site-selective cyclization.

Synthesis of β,β-Dithioketones by Merging C-C and C-S Bond Cleavage in [1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1] Annulation.

An unconventional [1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1] annulation process was developed for the construction of β,β-dithioketones by merging C-C and C-S bond cleavage. In this reaction, rongalite concurrently served as triple C1 units, dual sulfur(II) synthons, and a reductant for the first time. Mechanism investigation indicated that the reaction involved the self-mediated valence state change of rongalite.

Biochar reduces antibiotic transport by altering soil hydrology and enhancing antibiotic sorption.

The performance of biochar (BC) in reducing the transport of antibiotics under field conditions has not been sufficiently explored. In repacked sloping boxes of a calcareous soil, the effects of different BC treatments on the discharge of three relatively weakly sorbing antibiotics (sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, and florfenicol) via runoff and drainage were monitored for three natural rain events. Surface application of 1 % BC (1 %BC-SA) led to the most effective reduction in runoff discharge of the two sulfonamide antibiotics, which can be partly ascribed to the enhanced water infiltration.

Nitrogen fertilization modulates rice phyllosphere functional genes and pathogens through fungal communities.

The phyllosphere is a vital yet often neglected habitat hosting diverse microorganisms with various functions. However, studies regarding how the composition and functions of the phyllosphere microbiome respond to agricultural practices, like nitrogen fertilization, are limited. This study investigated the effects of long-term nitrogen fertilization with different levels (CK, N90, N210, N330) on the functional genes and pathogens of the rice phyllosphere microbiome.

Seeds Act as Vectors for Antibiotic Resistance Gene Dissemination in a Soil-Plant Continuum.

Though the evidence for antibiotic resistance spread via plant microbiome is mounting, studies regarding antibiotic resistome in the plant seed, a reproductive organ and important food resource, are still in their infancy. This study investigated the effects of long-term organic fertilization on seed bacterial endophytes, resistome, and their intergenerational transfer in the microcosm. A total of 99 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and 26 mobile genetic elements (MGEs) were detected by high-throughput quantitative PCR.

Reductive Formylation of Nitroarenes Mediated by Rongalite.

Herein, we disclose a straightforward approach to access transition-metal-free reductive -formylation of nitroarenes. This reaction integrates the dual role of rongalite, which acts as a reductant and a C1 building block concurrently. This provides an alternative method for the synthesis of -aryl formamides from nitroarenes, including the construction of a C-N bond.

Investigation of the Clinical Studies of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Disorders Related to Ventilators.

Objective: To observe the comprehensive treatment effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on ventilator-related diseases.

Methods: From January 2021 to August 2022, a total of 80 patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia were selected and divided into a test group and a matched control group based on the random number table, with 40 cases in each group. The control group received traditional Western medical care, and all patients were given tigecycline intravenously.

Diffuse intrapulmonary mesothelioma mimicking pulmonary lepidic adenocarcinoma: a rare case report and review of the literature.

Mesothelioma, with various clinical manifestations, radiological features, and histomorphological types, can be divided into epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and biphasic types, according to their histomorphological characteristics. There is a rare growth pattern of pleural mesothelioma: diffuse intrapulmonary mesothelioma (DIM), with a distinctive pattern of predominantly intrapulmonary growth, has no or minimal pleural involvement, and simulates interstitial lung disease(ILD) clinically and radiologically. A 59-year-old man presented to the hospital with recurrent pleural effusions for 4 years and a history of asbestos exposure.

Whole-exome and targeted gene sequencing of large-cell lung carcinoma reveals recurrent mutations in the PI3K pathway.

Background: Large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC) is an exceptionally aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. At present, little is known about the molecular pathology of LCLC.

Methods: Ultra-deep sequencing of cancer-related genes and exome sequencing were used to detect the LCLC mutational in 118 tumor-normal pairs.

Direct Hydrodefluorination of CF-Alkenes via a Mild S2' Process Using Rongalite as a Masked Proton Reagent.

A concise and efficient hydrodefluorination process was developed for the synthesis of -difluoroalkenes. This reaction employs rongalite as a masked proton source and does not require any additional catalysts or reductants. Notably, trifluoromethyl alkenes having both terminal and internal double bonds are compatible with this process, allowing for a wider range of substrates.

Effects of resourcefulness on internet game addiction among college students: The mediating role of anxiety and the moderating role of gender.

Introduction: The mechanism of internet game addiction is unclear. Whether anxiety mediates between resourcefulness and internet game addiction and whether gender affect its mediation role have not been studied previously.

Methods: A total of 4,889 college students from a college in southwest China were included in this study to complete the investigation, in which three questionnaires were used for evaluation.

PCSK9: A emerging participant in heart failure.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by various cardiovascular diseases. Its main pathogenesis includes cardiomyocyte loss, myocardial energy metabolism disorder, and activation of cardiac inflammation. Due to the clinically unsatisfactory treatment of heart failure, different mechanisms need to be explored to provide new targets for the treatment of this disease.

Synthesis of Tetrahydro-2-thiopyran 1,1-Dioxides via [1+1+1+1+1+1] Annulation: An Unconventional Usage of a Tethered C-S Synthon.

An unprecedented [1+1+1+1+1+1] annulation process has been developed for the construction of tetrahydro-2-thiopyran 1,1-dioxides. Notably, rongalite acted as a tethered C-S synthon in this reaction and can be chemoselectively used as triple C1 units and as a source of sulfone. Mechanistic investigation indicated that two different carbon-increasing models are involved in this reaction in which rongalite serves as C1 units.

Pulmonary hypertension secondary to seronegative rheumatoid arthritis overlapping antisynthetase syndrome: A case report.

Background: Polyarthritis is the most frequent clinical manifestation in antisynthetase syndrome (ASS) forms of idiopathic inflammatory myositis and may be misdiagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly in patients with seronegative RA (SNRA). It is unclear whether there is an overlap between ASS and RA, or if ASS sometimes mimics RA. Pulmonary hypertension (PAH) is common in connective tissue diseases (CTDs).

Comprehensive analysis to identify a novel PTEN-associated ceRNA regulatory network as a prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is one of the most prevalent forms of lung cancer. Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is one of the most frequently deleted tumour suppressor genes in LUAD.

Pd-Catalyzed Hydroxyl-Directed Cascade Hydroarylation/C-H Germylation of Nonterminal Alkenes and Aryl Iodides.

Pd-catalyzed cascade hydroarylation and C-H germylation of nonterminal alkenes and aryl iodides enabled by hydroxyl assistance have been developed. The key step in this C-H germylation cascade is the formation of a highly reactive oxo-palladacycle intermediate, which markedly restrained the β-H elimination process. Mechanistically, control experiments indicated that the hydroxyl group played an important role in this process.

Non-Ultrawide Bandgap Semiconductor GaSe Nanobelts for Sensitive Deep Ultraviolet Light Photodetector Application.

In this paper, the authors report the fabrication of a sensitive deep ultraviolet (DUV) photodetector by using an individual GaSe nanobelt with a thickness of 52.1 nm, which presents the highest photoresponse at 265 nm illumination with a responsivity and photoconductive gain of about 663 A W and 3103 at a 3 V bias, respectively, comparable to or even better than other reported devices based on conventional wide bandgap semiconductors. According to the simulation, this photoelectric property is associated with the wavelength-dependent absorption coefficient of the GaSe crystal, for which incident light with shorter wavelengths will be absorbed near the surface, while light with longer wavelengths will have a larger penetration depth, leading to a blueshift of the absorption edge with decreasing thickness.

Spectral Engineering of InSe Nanobelts for Full-Color Imaging by Tailoring the Thickness.

In this work, we report on the synthesis of InSe nanobelts through a catalyst-free chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth approach. A remarkable blue shift of the peak photoresponse was observed when the thickness of the InSe nanobelt decreases from 562 to 165 nm. Silvaco Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulation reveals that such a shift in spectral response should be ascribed to the wavelength-dependent absorption coefficient of InSe, for which incident light with shorter wavelengths will be absorbed near the surface, while light with longer wavelengths will have a greater penetration depth, leading to a red shift of the absorption edge for thicker nanobelt devices.

Liquid biopsy in lung cancer: significance in diagnostics, prediction, and treatment monitoring.

Primary lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Approximately 60% of lung cancer patients have distant metastasis at the initial diagnosis, so it is necessary to find new tumor markers for early diagnosis and individualized treatment. Tumor markers contribute to the early diagnosis of lung cancer and play important roles in early detection and treatment, as well as in precision medicine, efficacy monitoring, and prognosis prediction.