[Intervention of chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis patients in different stages by syndrome typing and different activating blood removing stasis methods: a clinical study].

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of treating chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis (CHBLF) in different stages by syndrome typing and different activating blood removing stasis methods (ABRSM).

Methods: Totally 100 CHBLF patients of vital qi deficiency blood stasis syndrome (VQDBSS) treated at the Department of Liver Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from July 2008 to December 2011, were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group, 50 in each group. Those in the treatment group were treated by self-formulated decoctions for activating blood nourishing blood (ABNB), activating blood removing stasis (ABRS), and activating blood softening hard mass (ABSHM) according to their stages of disease conditions (mild, moderate, and severe).

[Antimicrobial susceptibility of community-acquired respiratory tract pathogens isolated from patients in primary hospitals in Shanghai from 2007 to 2010].

Objective: To investigate the etiology of community-acquired respiratory tract infections (CARTI) and the antimicrobial resistance of the major pathogens in primary hospitals in Shanghai.

Methods: Patients with CARTI were prospectively recruited from 30 primary hospitals from December 2007 to July 2010. Those who had used antimicrobials within previous 2 weeks were excluded from the study.

[The incidence and risk factors for heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus].

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and the sensitivity of hVISA to novel antibiotics, and to explore the risk factors and infection attributable mortality associated with hVISA infection.

Methods: A total of 456 methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were isolated in Zhongshan Hospital from January, 2008 to November, 2010. All MRSA isolates were investigated for hVISA by two agar screening methods BHIA5T (brain-heart infusion containing teicoplanin 5 mg/L) or BHIA6V (brain-heart infusion containing vancomycin 6 mg/L), as well as macroEtest method (MET).

[An analysis of resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens isolated from 13 teaching hospitals in 2011].

Objective: To investigate the pathogen profile of nosocomial infection in China, and to survey the susceptibility rates of these pathogens to the clinical common antibiotics.

Methods: The non-repetitive nosocomial pathogens isolated from bloodstream infection (BSI), hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) and intra-abdominal infection (IAI) and the case data were collected from 13 teaching hospitals in different areas of China and sent to a central laboratory for re-identification and susceptibility testing. The levels of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the common antibiotics were determined by agar dilution method.

Etiology and antimicrobial resistance of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients in China.

Background: Appropriate antimicrobial therapy of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is mainly based on the distribution of etiology and antimicrobial resistance of major pathogens. We performed a prospective observational study of adult with CAP in 36 hospitals in China.

Methods: Etiological pathogens were isolated in each of the centers, and all of the isolated pathogens were sent to Zhongshan Hospital for antimicrobial susceptibility tests using agar dilution.

[The therapeutic effect of propranolol with 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser on proliferating hemangioma in body surface].

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of propranolol with 1 064 nm Nd:YAG laser on proliferating hemangioma in body surface.

Methods: 97 patients with proliferating hemangiomas in body surface were randomly assigned to three groups: A group (32 patients were treated by propranolol with 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser), B group (35 patients were treated by 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser), C group (30 patients were treated by propranolol). Their visual analog scores, clinical outcomes and adverse events were compared respectively.

[Anti-HIV-1 activity and structure-activity relationship of pyranocoumarin analogs].

The purpose of this study is to find out anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT)/protease (PR) activity and inhibition of virus replication in cell cultures of novel coumarin analogs and determine their structure-activity relationship. Coumarin derivatives have been demonstrated to inhibit the activity of HIV-1 RT/PR in cell free system. It also shows inhibition effects to HIV-1 replication in cell culture.

[Genetic diversity of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 in hospital water distribution systems in Shanghai].

Objective: To classify Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (LP1) isolated from the water distribution systems in hospitals of Shanghai by using genotying methods, and therefore to explore the genetic relationship between different genotypes.

Methods: LP1 was isolated from 8 hospitals in Shanghai, and strains of LP1 were subtyped using pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Genotyping results of PFGE were classified as dendrogram, and cluster analysis was used to compare the genetic characteristics of different strains.

[The characteristics of CT imaging and diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis in 42 cases with non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome].

Objective: To further elucidate the CT characteristics and diagnostic approaches to non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis.

Methods: The histories of forty-two pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) patients diagnosed in Zhongshan Hospital from 2003-2008 were collected and analyzed for demography data, underlying conditions, clinical symptoms, chest CT and diagnostic studies.

Results: None of the 42 PC patients had avian or its feces contacting history, and 71.

Improved synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of racemic 11 -demethylcalanolide A.

An improved and practical synthesis of racemic 11-demethylcalanolide A [(+/-)-1] was developed. This improved process involved Pechmann reaction on phloroglucinol with ethyl butyrylacetate to give 5,7,-dihydroxy4-n-propylcoumarin (3). Poly phosphoric acid (PPA) catalyzed acylation of compound (3) with crotonic acid, then intramolecular cyclization was achieved simultaneously in one step to afford the key intermediate chromanone (4).