Efficacy and safety of same-day versus next-day administration of PEG-rhG-CSF for the prophylaxis of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and febrile neutropenia in patients with breast cancer: a retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Polyethylene glycol recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (PEG-rhG-CSFs) are used to prevent or treat chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) and febrile neutropenia (FN). This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of same-day versus next-day PEG-rhG-CSF administration following chemotherapy and the effects of 3 mg versus 6 mg dosages.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed cohort data of patients with breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy and received PEG-rhG-CSF either within 24 h (same-day group) or 24 h (next-day group) after chemotherapy.

Rationale and design of a prospective study evaluating population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in Chinese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Introduction: Rivaroxaban is one of the most commonly used non-vitamin K antagonists for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Different individual exposures exist for Asian and non-Asian populations, and dose selection is different for Japanese and non-Japanese subjects. Few studies have investigated the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of rivaroxaban in Chinese patients and provided a solid reference for dose selection and individualised therapy.

A high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of perampanel in human plasma: Effect of concomitant anti-seizure medications on perampanel concentration in patients with epilepsy.

Perampanel is a first-in-class α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor antagonist and a novel anti-seizure medication. It is currently used as adjunctive treatment for partial seizures in patients over 12 years of age. With the increasing clinical application of perampanel, monitoring its concentration under certain clinical conditions is important.

Real-World Prescription Patterns For Patients With Young-Onset Parkinson's Disease in China: A Trend Analysis From 2014 to 2019.

Pharmacotherapy is one of the main treatments for patients with young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD). Although numerous studies on the treatment of YOPD have been published, the real-world prescription patterns of these populations remain unclear in China. A national comprehensive evaluation was performed to reveal the pharmacological treatment patterns in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2019, with patients aged 21-50 years classified as having YOPD for the subgroup analysis.

Population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis of rivaroxaban in Chinese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Rivaroxaban, a direct factor Xa inhibitor, is widely used for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The aim of this study was to conduct a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) analysis of rivaroxaban in Chinese patients with NVAF to assess ethnic differences and provide model-based precision dosing. A total of 256 rivaroxaban plasma concentrations and 244 prothrombin time (PT) measurements were obtained from 195 Chinese NVAF patients from a prospective clinical trial.

A novel epigenetic marker, Ten-eleven translocation family member 2 (TET2), is identified in the intractable epileptic brain and regulates ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) in the blood-brain barrier.

Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is a chronic condition derived from spontaneous changes and regulatory effects in the epileptic brain. As demethylation factors, ten-eleven translocation (TET) family members have become a focus in recent studies of neurological disorders. Here, we quantified and localized TET1, TET2 and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in the temporal lobe cortex of DRE patients (n = 27) and traumatic brain hemorrhage controls (n = 10) by immunochemical staining.

Risk for Cardiovascular Adverse Events Associated With Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulators in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Insights From a Pooled Analysis of 15 Randomised Controlled Trials.

Background: All agents engaging sphongosine-1-phospate receptors (S1PRs) will have some cardiovascular effect. This study aimed to elucidate the risk of cardiovascular adverse events (AEs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with S1PR modulators (S1PRMs).

Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published through January 5, 2021.

Real-world pharmacological treatment patterns of patients with threatened miscarriage in China from 2014 to 2020: A cross-sectional analysis.

What Is Known And Objective: Approximately half of the patients with threatened miscarriage suffer an abortion, and consistent medication therapy to prevent threatened miscarriage is lacking. Our goal was to investigate the real-world pharmacological treatment patterns of patients with threatened miscarriage in China, with a focus on the trend and rationality of progestogen use over the last 7 years.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Hospital Prescription Analysis Cooperation Project that is overseen by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.

Development and validation of an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantification of direct oral anticoagulants in human plasma.

Direct oral anticoagulants are widely used to treat and prevent thromboembolic disorders. With rising clinical application, monitoring concentrations of direct oral anticoagulants are necessary in certain clinical conditions. A rapid and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of dabigatran etexilate, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, edoxaban, and apixaban, in human plasma.

Incidence and Risk of Infection Associated With Fingolimod in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 8,448 Patients From 12 Randomized Controlled Trials.

There is a controversy regarding whether fingolimod is associated with an increased risk of infection in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the risk of infection in these patients. We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.

Association of xenobiotic receptor polymorphisms with carbamazepine response in epilepsy patients.

Purpose: Drug-resistant epilepsy is a problem worldwide. Xenobiotic receptors may play a significant role in the establishment of resistance to antiepileptic agents. Previous studies have confirmed that the metabolism and efficacy of carbamazepine (CBZ) can be influenced by xenobiotic receptors, especially pregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR).

Epigenetic Effects Mediated by Antiepileptic Drugs and their Potential Application.

An epigenetic effect mainly refers to a heritable modulation in gene expression in the short term but does not involve alterations in the DNA itself. Epigenetic molecular mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modification, and untranslated RNA regulation. Antiepileptic drugs have drawn attention to biological and translational medicine because their impact on epigenetic mechanisms will lead to the identification of novel biomarkers and possible therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of various diseases ranging from neuropsychological disorders to cancers and other chronic conditions.

Association between PK/PD-involved gene polymorphisms and carbamazepine-individualized therapy.

Aim: To evaluate the association between the major genetic variants involved in the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) properties of carbamazepine (CBZ) and its maintenance doses and concentrations.

Patients & Methods: The genotypes of 166 patients receiving CBZ monotherapy were detected using high-resolution melting curve (HRM) and TaqMan methods.

Results: Both univariate and multiple regression analyses revealed that carriers of the SCN1A IVS5-91G>A or EPHX1 c.

SCN1A, ABCC2 and UGT2B7 gene polymorphisms in association with individualized oxcarbazepine therapy.

Aim: Associations between the effects of SCN1A, SCN2A, ABCC2 and UGT2B7 genetic polymorphisms and oxcarbazepine (OXC) maintenance doses in Han Chinese epileptic patients were investigated.

Patients & Methods: Genetic polymorphisms were detected in 184 epileptic patients receiving OXC monotherapy by high-resolution melting curve and TaqMan method.

Results: Carriers of the SCN1A IVS5-91G>A, UGT2B7 c.

Association of SCN1A, SCN2A and ABCC2 gene polymorphisms with the response to antiepileptic drugs in Chinese Han patients with epilepsy.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential impact of SCN1A, SCN2A and ABCC2 gene polymorphisms on the response to antiepileptic drugs in Chinese Han patients with epilepsy.

Patients & Methods: Genetic polymorphisms in the candidate genes were detected in 453 Chinese epileptic patients by high-resolution melting curve and TaqMan methods.

Results: The SCN1A IVS5-91G>A AA genotype and the ABCC2 c.

Population pharmacokinetics of valproic acid in adult Chinese epileptic patients and its application in an individualized dosage regimen.

Background: There are several reports describing population pharmacokinetic (PPK) models of valproic acid (VPA). However, little was known in Chinese adult patients with epilepsy. The present study aimed to establish a PPK model for VPA in Chinese adult epileptic patients and to demonstrate its use for dose individualization.

[Methods of eliminating putrefaction in TCM surgery].

Eliminating putrefaction is a characteristic therapy in TCM surgery. It is more inclusive, reliable and safer nowadays after development for thousands of years. From the 20(th) century, with the development of science and technology, personal injury resulting from heavy metals has drawn more and more attention.

Mesostructured tin oxide as sensitive material for C(2)H(5)OH sensor.

Mesostructured tin oxide with high specific surface area was synthesized using cationic surfactant (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, CTAB: CH(3)(CH(2))(15)N(+)(CH(3))(3)Br(-)) as the organic template and hydrous tin chloride (SnCl(4).5H(2)O) and NH(4)OH as the inorganic precursors under acidic conditions at ambient temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) and N(2)-sorption isotherms were used to characterize the mesostructured tin oxide that was formed at room temperature as well as calcined at different temperature.

Association of MDR1, CYP3A4*18B, and CYP3A5*3 polymorphisms with cyclosporine pharmacokinetics in Chinese renal transplant recipients.

Objective: The objective of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the effects of MDR1, CYP3A4*18B, and CYP3A5*3 genetic polymorphisms on cyclosporine A (CsA) pharmacokinetics in Chinese renal transplant patients during the first month after transplantation.

Methods: A total of 103 renal transplant recipients receiving CsA were genotyped for MDR1 (C1236T, G2677T/A, and C3435T), CYP3A4*18B, and CYP3A5*3. The predose and 2-h postdose concentrations of CsA (C(0) and C(2), respectively) were determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay, and their relationships with corresponding genotypes and haplotypes were investigated.