A high-permeability method for extracting purple yam saponins based on ultrasonic-assisted natural deep eutectic solvent.

The extraction of active ingredients from traditional Chinese medicine has received considerable attentions. In this study, 16 kinds of natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) with ultrasonic were selected to extract saponins from purple yam root and the extraction mechanism was investigated. The results showed that chloride/acrylic acid (1:2; n/n) had the highest extraction yield for saponins.

A new multi-template molecularly imprinted polymer for separation and purification of dioscin, protodioscin, and diosgenin from purple yam.

Saponin is an essential natural compound in purple yams with high nutritional and medicinal value. In this work, a multitemplate molecule-imprinted polymer (MMIP) was synthesized with dioscin, protodioscin, and diosgenin templates. The MMIPs were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

LC-MS guided isolation of phenolic glycosides from Rolfe leaves and their ‑amylase and -glucosidase inhibitory activities.

Rolfe is widely used in China as folk medicine. The bioactivity evaluation indicated that the -BuOH fraction of leaves (VLLB) could significantly inhibit ‑amylase and -glucosidase. In order to clarify its active constituents, the phytochemical analysis on VLLB was first performed using HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, and three new phenolic compounds, viburosides A-C (-), along with seven known analogues (-) were isolated through preparative HPLC.

Reduced inhibitory and excitatory input onto parvalbumin interneurons mediated by perineuronal net might contribute to cognitive impairments in a mouse model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is commonly defined as diffuse brain dysfunction and can manifest as delirium to coma. Accumulating evidence has suggested that perineuronal net (PNN) plays an important role in the modulation of the synaptic plasticity of central nervous system. We here investigated the role of PNN in SAE induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection.

Determination of the components of danyikangtai powder into the plasma and its pharmacodynamic study.

Danyikangtai powder has a definite therapeutic effect on pancreatitis. However, the internal mechanism is unclear. The purpose of this experiment is to quickly identify the blood components of danyikangtai powder and evaluate its efficacy.

Two new phenolic allopyranosides and their analogues from the stems of Rolfe guided by LC-MS.

Two new phenolic allopyranosides, named viburluzosides A and B (, ), together with eight known phenolic glycosides (-) were discovered from the stems of Rolfe under the guidance of LC-MS analyses coupled with bioactivity evaluation. They were purified through various chromatography methods and identified by extensive spectroscopic analyses (H and C NMR, HSQC, HMBC, and HRESIMS) and chemical methods. The evaluation on -glucosidase and aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activities of isolated compounds were conducted.

FOXG1 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease with a Particular Focus on Cell Cycle Regulation.

Background: Several recent findings have revealed that targeting of cell cycle reentry and (or) progression may provide an opportunity for the therapeutic intervention of Alzheimer's disease (AD). FOXG1 has been shown to play important roles in pattern formation, cell proliferation, and cell specification. Thus far, the roles of FoxG1 and its involvement in AD are largely unknown.

Histone deacetylase 3 in hippocampus contributes to memory impairment after chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve in mice.

Chronic neuropathic pain is frequently accompanied by memory impairment, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we showed that mice displayed memory impairment starting at 14 days and lasting for at least 21 days after chronic constriction injury (CCI) of unilateral sciatic nerve in mice. Systemic administration of the pan histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor sodium butyrate attenuated this memory impairment.

[New Method of Measuring Arterial Oxygen Saturation].

The traditional method of measuring arterial oxygen saturation is that R value, the ratio of alternating component of the logarithmic photoplethysmography, is firstly computed and then the linear regression model is established by experiment. The R value computation is a dimension reduction process based on Lambert-beer law, which aims at eliminating the influence of optical path and minimizing the impact of individual differences. When taking scattering into consideration, the dimension reduction process loses information, introduces the system error and limits the precision of measurement.

Sensory input is required for callosal axon targeting in the somatosensory cortex.

Background: Sensory input is generally thought to be necessary for refining and consolidating neuronal connections during brain development. We here report that cortical callosal axons in somatosensory cortex require sensory input for their target selection in contralateral cortex.

Results: Eliminating sensory input to either hemisphere by unilateral transection of infraorbital nerve (ION) prevents target selection of callosal axons in contralateral cortex.

[Inhibitory effect of imperatorin and isoimperatorin on activity of cytochrome P450 enzyme in human and rat liver microsomes].

Imperatorin (IM) and isoimperatorin (ISOIM) are major active components of common herbal medicines from Umbelliferae plants, and widely used in clinic. This article studies the inhibitory effect of IM and ISOIM on the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme, and assesses their potential drug-drug interaction. IM and ISOIM were incubated separately with human or rat liver microsomes for 30 min, with phenacetin, bupropion, tolbutamide, S-mephenytoin, dextromethorphan and midazolam as probe substrates.

[Chemical constituents of Rauvolfia verticillata].

The study on the Rauvolfia verticillata (Lour.) Baill., which belongs to Apocynaceae, was carried out to look for its chemical constituents and pharmacological activity.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of levofloxacin sustained-release capsules.

Objective: To reduce the frequency of administration and improve patient compliance, novel levofloxacin sustained-release capsules with suitable in vitro release profiles and good bioavailability were developed.

Materials And Methods: A fluidized bed was used to prepare levofloxacin pellets by spraying the drug solution onto blank pellets. Then the pellets were coated with either Surelease water dispersion or Eudragit® NE30D water dispersion to achieve sustained-release characteristics.

[Research progress of Wif1 in development of nervous system].

Wnt inhibitor factor-1 (WIF-1) is an extracellular antagonist of Wnts secreted proteins, first characterized as an expressed sequence tag in the human retina. WIF-1 belongs to the secreted Frizzled-related protein (sFRP) class, which can directly bind to Wnt proteins, prevent Wnts from binding to their receptors in vertebrates. Wif1 is expressed in the nervous system of mouse, Xenopus, zebrafish and human.

[Study on pharmacokinetics of PVP coated beta-elemene liposome in rats].

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of PVP costed beta-elemente liposmes in rats.

Methods: Gas chromatography was established to determine the concentration of beta-elemene in plasma of rats after administered through i.g.