Sulfur metabolism and response to light in Ulva prolifera green tides.

The outbreak of Ulva prolifera blooms causes significant changes in the coastal sulfur cycle due to the high production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and the emission of dimethylsulfide (DMS). However, the sulfur metabolism mechanism of U. prolifera has not been thoroughly investigated.

The Ocean Serves as a Net Source of Atmospheric Nitric Oxide but a Net Sink of Nitrogen Dioxide.

Nitrogen oxides (NO), comprised of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO), play a crucial role in the global nitrogen cycle, but the oceanic occurrence remained unclear. Here, we show an integrated underway observation of oceanic and atmospheric NO and NO from the coastal seas to the open ocean in the northwestern Pacific Ocean (NWPO). The concentrations of NO and NO showed similar distribution patterns that the coastal seas with rich nitrogen nutrients showed higher levels, like the Yellow Sea (7.

Inter-annual and spatial variations of air-sea CO fluxes and acidification mechanism in the coastal waters of Qingdao, China during 2011-2019.

The interplay of global climate change and anthropogenic activities has significantly affected the carbon cycle in coastal ocean environments. Consequently, further investigation into the carbonate system, carbon source and sink processes, and acidification mechanisms is essential. This study examined the surface carbonate system offshore of Qingdao, utilizing data from nine spring cruises in 2011-2019.

Nitrogen oxides emissions from coastal wetland sediments: Experimental assessment of the influence of vegetation and nitrogen input.

Nitrogen oxides (NO = NO + NO) have essential impacts on global climate and the environment, making it essential to study the contribution of wetland-generated NO to environmental problems. With exogenous nitrogen input from anthropogenic activities, wetland sediments become active emission hotspots for NO. In this study, we conducted field experiments in a typical salt marsh wetland to measure nitric oxide (NO, the primary component of NO from sediments) exchange fluxes in both mudflat and vegetated sediments.

Mapping the gut microecological multi-omics signatures to serum metabolome and their impact on cardiometabolic health in elderly adults.

Background: Mapping gut microecological features to serum metabolites (SMs) will help identify functional links between gut microbiome and cardiometabolic health.

Methods: This study encompassed 836-1021 adults over 9.7 year in a cohort, assessing metabolic syndrome (MS), carotid atherosclerotic plaque (CAP), and other metadata triennially.

Emission of CO and its related carbonate system dynamics in a hotspot area during winter and summer: The Changjiang River estuary.

The carbonate chemistry in river-dominated marginal seas is highly heterogeneous, and there is ongoing debate regarding the definition of atmospheric CO source or sink. On this basis, we investigated the carbonate chemistry and air-sea CO fluxes in a hotspot estuarine area: the Changjiang Estuary during winter and summer. The spatial characteristics of the carbonate system were influenced by water mixing of three end-members in winter, including the Changjiang freshwater with low total alkalinity (TA) concentration, the less saline Yellow Sea Surface Water with high TA, and the saline East China Sea (ECS) offshore water with moderate TA.

Ultrasmall Ru nanoparticles-decorated nickel/nickel oxide three phase heterojunctions to boost alkaline hydrogen evolution.

The rational design and optimization of heterogeneous interface for low loading noble metal HER eletrocatalysts to facilitate the upscaling of alkaline water/seawater electrolysis is highly challenging. Herein, we present a facile deep corrosion strategy induced by NaBH to precisely construct an ultrasmall Ru nanoparticle-decorated Ni/NiO hybrid (r-Ru-Ni/NiO) with highly dispersed triple-phase heterostructures. Remarkably, it exhibits superior activity with only 53 mV and 70 mV at 100 mA cm for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline water and seawater, respectively, surpassing the performance of Pt/C (109.

Distribution and influencing factors of atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO) over the east coast of China in spring: Indication of the sea as a sink of the atmospheric NO.

An integrated observation of NO that included coastal cities and oceanic cruises covering the Qingdao coastal waters sites (QDCW) and the Yellow Sea and East China Sea sites (YECS) was conducted in spring. The average concentrations of the coastal cities, the QDCW, and the YECS were 5.4 ± 4.

FeNi (oxy)hydroxides embedded with high-valence Mo atoms: A efficient and robust water oxidation electrocatalyst.

The incorporation of high-valence transition metal atoms into FeNi (oxy)hydroxides may be a promising strategy to regulate the intrinsic electronic states, thereby reducing the thermodynamic barrier and accelerating oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, a high-valence Mo atoms doping route is proposed by an efficient self-reconstruction strategy to prepare MoFeNi (oxy)hydroxides for efficient alkaline OER. By using borides (MoNiB) as sacrificial template and Mo source, FeNi (oxy)hydroxides nanoflakes embedded with high-valence Mo atoms (MoFeNi) is successfully synthesized, which can modulate the electron coordination to improve the intrinsic catalytic activity.

Predicting intraoperative hemorrhage during curettage treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy using free-breathing GRASP DCE-MRI.

Objective: To explore the feasibility of the golden-angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique in predicting the intraoperative bleeding risk of scar pregnancy.

Methods: A total of 49 patients with cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) who underwent curettage and GRASP-MRI imaging were retrospectively selected between January 2021 and July 2022. The pharmacokinetic parameters, including Wash-in, Wash-out, time to peck (TTP), initial area under the curve (iAUC), the transfer rate constant (Ktrans), constant flow rate (Kep), and volume of extracellular space (Ve), were calculated.

Driving force of tidal pulses on denitrifiers-dominated nitrogen oxide emissions from intertidal wetland sediments.

Intertidal wetland sediments are an important source of atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO), but their contribution to the global NO budget remains unclear. In this work, we conducted year-round and diurnal observations in the intertidal wetland of Jiaozhou Bay to explore their regional source-sink patterns and influence factors on NO emissions (initially in the form of nitric oxide) and used a dynamic soil reactor to further extend the mechanisms underlying the tidal pulse of nitric oxide (NO) observed in our investigations. The annual fluxes of NO in the vegetated wetland were significantly higher than those in the wetland without vegetation.

[Differences and mechanisms on water use of var forests with different origins].

Determining the differences of water use characteristics of a tree species with different origins (natural forests and introduced plantations) is significantly important for forest sustainable management. var. is an important tree species of afforestation in the 'Three North' project in China.

Tidal effects on carbon dioxide emission dynamics in intertidal wetland sediments.

Understanding the control mechanisms of carbon dioxide (CO) emissions in intertidal wetland sediments is beneficial for the concern of global carbon biogeochemistry and climate change. Nevertheless, multiple controls on CO emissions from intertidal wetland sediments to the atmosphere still need to be clarified. This study investigated the effect of tidal action on CO emissions from salt marsh sediments covered by Spartina alterniflora in the Jiaozhou Bay wetland using the static chamber method combined with an infrared CO detector.

Phytochemical Constituents from the Seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris and Their Antioxidant Activities.

Phytochemical investigation of 70% EtOH extract of the seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris led to the isolation of a new cyclobutane organic acid (1), and fourteen known compounds, including two organosulfur compounds (2, 3), two quinonoids (4, 5), five flavonoids (6-10), three sterols (11-13) and two other types (14, 15). The structures of the compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses as well as comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. The antioxidant capacities of all compounds and extractive fractions were evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging test and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay.

The sulfate assimilation and reduction of marine microalgae and the regulation of illumination.

To examine the sulfate assimilation and reduction process and the regulation of illumination, diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae were selected for continuous simulation incubation under different photon flux densities (PFDs) (54, 108 and 162 μmol photons m s), and concentration variations of related sulfur compounds sulfate, dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), dimethylsulfide (DMS) and acrylic acid (AA) in the culture system were observed. The optimal PFD for the growth of two microalgae was 108 μmol photons m s. However, the maximum sulfate absorption occurred at 162 μmol photons m s for P.

The Association between Circulating 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Is Mediated by Gut Microbiota and Fecal and Serum Metabolites in Adults.

Scope: Vitamin D is vital to cardiovascular health. This study examines the association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and the progression of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and identifies the potential mediating biomarkers of gut microbiota and metabolites in adults.

Methods And Results: This 9-year prospective study includes 2975 subjects with plasma 25(OH)D at baseline and determined cIMT every 3 years.

Emissions of Nitric Oxide from Photochemical and Microbial Processes in Coastal Waters of the Yellow and East China Seas.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an atmospheric pollutant and climate forcer as well as a key intermediary in the marine nitrogen cycle, but the ocean's NO contribution and production mechanisms remain unclear. Here, high-resolution NO observations were conducted simultaneously in the surface ocean and the lower atmosphere of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea; moreover, NO production from photolysis and microbial processes was analyzed. The NO sea-air exchange showed uneven distributions (RSD = 349.

Discovery of pentacyclic triterpenoid glycosides with anti-proliferative activities from Ardisialindleyana.

One new pentacyclic triterpenoid glycoside, ardisiapunine E (1), along with two known compounds were isolated from the root of Ardisia lindleyana D.Dietr. Their structures were elucidated by H and C NMR, DEPT, HMBC, HSQC, H-H COSY and NOESY spectroscopic analyses, ESI-MS, and literature.

Gut microbiome, cognitive function and brain structure: a multi-omics integration analysis.

Background: Microbiome-gut-brain axis may be involved in the progression of age-related cognitive impairment and relevant brain structure changes, but evidence from large human cohorts is lacking. This study was aimed to investigate the associations of gut microbiome with cognitive impairment and brain structure based on multi-omics from three independent populations.

Methods: We included 1430 participants from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study (GNHS) with both gut microbiome and cognitive assessment data available as a discovery cohort, of whom 272 individuals provided fecal samples twice before cognitive assessment.

Dietary Acid Load Was Positively Associated with the Risk of Hip Fracture in Elderly Adults.

Previous studies have shown that dietary acid load (DAL) harms bone health, but the evidence is inconsistent and insufficient. This study examined the relationships between DAL and the risk of hip fracture. This case−control study contained 1070 pairs of 1:1 age-, city-, and gender-matched incident cases and controls (mean age, 71 years) recruited in Guangdong, China.

Gut microbiota and acylcarnitine metabolites connect the beneficial association between equol and adiposity in adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Many studies have investigated the effects of soy isoflavones on weight control, but few have focused on the role of equol, a gut-derived metabolite of daidzein with greater bioavailability than other soy isoflavones.

Objectives: This study examined the association of equol production with obesity and explored the mediating roles of equol-related gut microbiota and microbial carnitine metabolites.

Methods: This 6.

Performance evaluations and applications of a δC-DIC analyzer in seawater and estuarine waters.

Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and its stable isotope (δC-DIC) are important parameters for studying carbon cycling in aquatic environments. Traditional methods based on isotope-ratio mass spectrometers are labor-intensive and not easily deployable at field sites. Here we report the performance of a method that simultaneously measures DIC concentration and its stable isotope by using a CO extraction device and a Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy (CRDS) detector.

Higher serum vitamin A is associated with a worsened progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: a prospective study.

: The association between serum vitamin A and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains uncertain due to inconsistent results and scarce longitudinal data. We examined the prospective associations between serum vitamin A and the evolution of the NAFLD severity score as well as the potential mediating effects in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. : A total of 2658 adults (between 40-75 years of age) were included in the analysis.