Misdiagnosed gastric diverticulum as a left adrenal lesion on imaging.

Key Clinical Message: Gastric diverticulum in the posterior wall of the stomach is very rare, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed as a left adrenal mass on imaging. Therefore, we must consider the possibility of gastric diverticulum when diagnosing a left adrenal mass.

Abstract: This paper reports a case of gastric diverticulum that was misdiagnosed as a left adrenal mass on abdominal enhanced CT.

Enhancer RNA promotes resistance to radiotherapy in bone-metastatic prostate cancer by mA modification.

Prostate cancer metastasizes to the bone with the highest frequency and exhibits high resistance to Lu-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioligand therapy. Little is known about bone metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) resistance to radiation. We filtered the metastatic eRNA using RNA-seq, MeRIP-seq, RT-qPCR and bioinformation.

Functional roles of antisense enhancer RNA for promoting prostate cancer progression.

Enhancer RNA (eRNA) bi-directionally expresses from enhancer region and sense eRNA regulates adjacent mRNA in cis and in trans. However, it has remained unclear whether antisense eRNAs in different direction are functional or merely a reflection of enhancer activation. Strand-specific, ribosome-minus RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed in AR positive prostate cancer cells.

Intrinsic BET inhibitor resistance in SPOP-mutated prostate cancer is mediated by BET protein stabilization and AKT-mTORC1 activation.

Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) protein inhibitors are emerging as promising anticancer therapies. The gene encoding the E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate-binding adaptor speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP) is the most frequently mutated in primary prostate cancer. Here we demonstrate that wild-type SPOP binds to and induces ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of BET proteins (BRD2, BRD3 and BRD4) by recognizing a degron motif common among them.

AKT-phosphorylated FOXO1 suppresses ERK activation and chemoresistance by disrupting IQGAP1-MAPK interaction.

Nuclear FOXO proteins act as tumor suppressors by transcriptionally activating genes involved in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, and these anticancer functions are inhibited by AKT-induced phosphorylation and cytoplasmic sequestration of FOXOs. We found that, after AKT-mediated phosphorylation at serine 319, FOXO1 binds to IQGAP1, a hub for activation of the MAPK pathway, and impedes IQGAP1-dependent phosphorylation of ERK1/2 (pERK1/2). Conversely, decreased FOXO1 expression increases pERK1/2 in cancer cell lines and correlates with increased pERK1/2 levels in patient specimens and disease progression.

JNK2 downregulation promotes tumorigenesis and chemoresistance by decreasing p53 stability in bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary system, and the 5-year survival rate remains low. A comprehensive understanding of the carcinogenesis and progression of bladder cancer is urgently needed to advance treatment. c-Jun N-terminal kinase-2 (JNK2) exhibits both tumor promoter and tumor suppressor actions, depending on tumor type.

Engagement of integrinβ1 induces resistance of bladder cancer cells to mitomycin-C.

Objective: To identify whether integrinβ1 subunit is responsible for the resistance of bladder cancer cell to the therapeutic drug mitomycin-C (MMC), when grown on fibronectin (FN).

Materials And Methods: The expression of integrinβ1 on bladder cancer T24 and 5637 cells was examined by the flow cytometer. The adhesion of cells to plates with the absence or presence of FN was determined.

Cell adhesion to fibronectin induces mitomycin C resistance in bladder cancer cells.

Objective: To investigate whether cell adhesion to fibronectin induces drug resistance in human bladder cancer cells, and to study the survival signalling pathway in cell adhesion to fibronectin-mediated chemotherapy resistance in vitro.

Materials And Methods: T24 cells (human bladder cancer cell lines) were pre-coated with fibronectin, and treated with mitomycin C (MMC) and the specific phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3-K) inhibitor LY294002. The apoptosis and cell cycles were analysed.

[Surgical treatment of 486 cases of adrenal gland diseases: a retrospective study].

Objective: To evaluate the roles of laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) and open adrenalectomy (GA) for treatment of adrenal gland diseases.

Methods: The data of 486 patients with adrenal gland diseases was analyzed retrospectively during 5 years. A total of 478 patients received surgical treatments including 318 GAs and 160 LAs.

The effect of intravesical instillation of antifibrinolytic agents on bacillus Calmette-Guerin treatment of superficial bladder cancer: a pilot study.

Purpose: We determined whether intravesical instillation of antifibrinolytic agents could improve the antitumor effect of bacillus Calmette-Guerin. We also investigated the impact of these antifibrinolytic agents on the dose of bacillus Calmette-Guerin required for a therapeutic effect.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized, prospective, double-blind, controlled pilot study 257 patients with superficial bladder cancer were randomized into groups A through E.

Study on enhancement of fibronectin-mediated bacillus Calmette-Guérin attachment to urinary bladder wall in rabbits.

To clarify whether intravesical usage of fibrin clot stabilizer epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) or p-aminomethyl benzoic acid (PAMBA) and different injuries enhance fibronectin (FN)-mediated bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) attachment to bladder wall. Thirty New Zealand male white rabbits were randomly divided into five groups and the bladder wall of each rabbit was injured by electrocautery, cryocautery or knife cutting on left lateral wall, right lateral wall and posterior wall in different groups, respectively. Different drug was instilled into the bladder: Group A: pure PBS; B: PBS and radiolabeled BCG ((3)H-BCG); C: EACA and (3)H-BCG; D: PAMBA and (3)H-BCG; E: heparin and (3)H-BCG.