Specific knockdown of hippocampal astroglial EphB2 improves synaptic function via inhibition of D-serine secretion in APP/PS1 mice.

Increasing evidence emphasizes the protective role of Eph receptors in synaptic function in the pathological development of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, their roles in the regulation of hippocampal astrocytes remain largely unknown. Here, we directly investigated the function of astroglial EphB2 on synaptic plasticity in APP/PS1 mice. Using cell isolation and transgene technologies, we first isolated hippocampal astrocytes and evaluated the expression levels of ephrinB ligands and EphB receptors.

Regional Differences in Food Allergies.

The prevalence of food allergies is increasing worldwide. To understand the regional specificities of food allergies and develop effective therapeutic interventions, extensive regional epidemiological studies are necessary. While data regarding incidence, prevalence, regional variation, and treatment in food allergies are available for western countries, such studies may not be available in many Asian countries.

Expression and purification of a major allergen, Pla a 1, from Platanus acerifolia pollen and the preparation of its monoclonal antibody.

Platanus acerifolia pollen is considered an important source of airborne allergens in numerous cities. Pla a 1 is a major allergen from P. acerifolia pollen.

Expression, purification and epitope analysis of Pla a 3 allergen from Platanus acerifolia pollen.

Platanus acerifolia (P. acerifolia) is an important cause of pollinosis in cities. The use of allergen extracts on patients with allergic diseases is the most commonly applied method to attempt to treat pollinosis.

Selective deletion of apolipoprotein E in astrocytes ameliorates the spatial learning and memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease (APP/PS1) mice by inhibiting TGF-β/Smad2/STAT3 signaling.

Astrocytes and apolipoprotein E (apoE) play critical roles in cognitive function, not only under physiological conditions but also in some pathological situations, particularly in the pathological progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The regulatory mechanisms underlying the effect of apoE, derived from astrocytes, on cognitive deficits during AD pathology development are unclear. In this study, we generated amyloid precursor protein/apoE knockout (APP/apoE) and APP/glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-apoE mice (the AD mice model used in this study was based on the APP-familial Alzheimer disease overexpression) to investigate the role of apoE, derived from astrocytes, in AD pathology and cognitive function.

Omalizumab for the treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is defined by itchy hives, angioedema, or both for at least 6 weeks. Omalizumab, an anti-IgE antibody that affects mast cell and basophil function, is a promising new treatment option. As of now, however, the efficacy and safety of different doses of omalizumab used in clinical trials for CSU have not been systematically analyzed and summarized.

Novel genetic variants in the TPO gene cause congenital hypothyroidism.

Background: Mutations in the dual oxidase maturation factor 2 (DUOXA2) and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) genes have been reported to cause goitrous congenital hypothyroidism (GCH). The aim of this study was to determine the genetic basis of GCH in affected children.

Methods: Thirty children with GCH were enrolled for molecular analysis of the DUOXA2 and TPO genes.

Evaluation of inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in children with well-controlled congenital hypothyroidism.

Objective: To investigate well-controlled congenital hypothyroidism on the markers associated with early kidney injury and oxidative DNA damage.

Methods: Twenty-three children with euthyroid congenital hypothyroidism aged 3-6 years and 19 age- and gender-matched controls were enrolled. Serum levels of albumin, C-reactive protein, cysteine C, globulin, pre-albumin, and total protein were detected.

(3S,12R,20S,24R)-20,24-Ep-oxy-dammarane-3,12,25-triol.

In the title mol-ecule, C(30)H(52)O(4), the three six-membered rings are in chair conformations, the cyclo-pentane ring is in an envelope form and the tetra-hydro-furan ring has a conformation inter-mediate between half-chair and sofa. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into helical chains along [100]. Two intra-molecular O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds are also present.