Three new and known dammarane-type saponins were identified from Gynostemma pentaphyllum leaves using various chromatography techniques.
The structures of these compounds were defined through advanced methods like HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopy, with one new compound named gypenoside J5.
All isolated compounds showed minimal cytotoxicity against several cancer cell lines but exhibited a protective antioxidant effect against cellular damage from H₂O₂, with gypenoside J5 being the most potent.