Organocatalytic silyl transfer from silylborane to nitroalkenes for the synthesis of β-silyl nitroalkanes and β-silyl amines.

The silylation of a wide array of nitroalkenes is achieved by organocatalysts in yields up to 93%. The reaction is carried out in a toluene/water biphasic solvent under operationally simple conditions. Reduction of the nitro group provides efficient access to functionalized β-silyl amines.

[Repairing effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on alveolar bone defects in Beagle dogs].

Objective: To evaluate the potential repairing effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) irradiation on acute horizontal alveolar bone defects at the mandibular pre-molar areas in Beagle dogs.

Methods: Horizontal alveolar bone defect models were established under enamelo-cemental junction 6 mm at the mandibular third and forth pre-molar buccal regions on both sides in 4 beagle dogs, and bilateral sides of each dog were randomly divided into two groups: Experimental groups with LIPUS irradiation (I(SATA) 30 mW X cm(-2), 20 min x d(-1)) and control groups without opening power source of LIPUS radiation. Dual energy X-ray bone densitometer was used to detect the bony density after an 8 weeks' irradiation.

Ultrasound reverses multidrug resistance in human cancer cells by altering gene expression of ABC transporter proteins and Bax protein.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the major obstacle to successful chemotherapy of human malignancies and strategies for overcoming MDR phenomena are still unavailable to clinical use. Previous results showed that ultrasound (US) exposure could make MDR cancer cells become more sensitive to anticancer drugs, and the physical parameters of US exposure could adjust the uptake and retention of rhodamine 123 in MDR cells. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of therapeutic ultrasound as a physical approach to overcoming MDR in a multidrug resistant human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2/ADM).

Optimization of ultrasound-mediated in vitro reversal of multidrug resistance in human hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2.

Previous studies have shown that ultrasound (US) could enhance cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents in drug-resistant cancer cells. The goal of this study was to investigate the optimization of physical parameters of US exposure for in vitro reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) in human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2). Using a constant total energy density (3.

Cytotoxic effects and in vitro reversal of multidrug resistance by therapeutic ultrasound in human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2).

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major obstacles to successful chemotherapy of human malignancies. Although many strategies have been explored to overcome MDR, none of them have been proven to be clinically useful until now. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a novel therapeutic ultrasound (US) approach would have useful effects on the reversal of MDR in cancer cells.

[Short and long-term efficacy of focused ultrasound therapy for vulva dystrophy].

Objective: To investigate the short and long-term efficacy and complications, as well as the influential factors of focused ultrasound for the treatment of vulva dystrophy.

Methods: Seventy-six eligible patients with vulva dystrophy were randomized and treated with focused ultrasound between 1999 and 2002. Among them, 45 patients were with squamous hyperplasia (SH) and 31 patients were with lichen sclerosus (LS).

Development and characterization of multidrug resistant human hepatocarcinoma cell line in nude mice.

Aim: To establish a multidrug resistant (MDR) cell sub-line from the human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HepG2) in nude mice.

Methods: HepG2 cell cultures were incubated with increasing concentrations of adriamycin (ADM) to develop an ADM-resistant cell subline (HepG2/ADM) with cross-resistance to other chemotherapeutic agents. Twenty male athymic BALB/c-nu/nu mice were randomized into HepG2/nude and HepG2/ADM/nude groups (10 in each group).

[Establishment of in vivo adriamycin-induced multidrug resistance models of subcutaneous and hepatic transplanted human liver cancer in nude mice].

Background & Objective: Multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype is the obstacle of chemotherapy in tumors and inspired research interesting. This study was to establish multidrug resistance (MDR) models induced with adriamycin in vivo of subcutaneous or in situ hepatic transplanted human liver cancer in nude mice (BALB/C nu/nu), and explore the biological characteristics and mechanism of multidrug resistance, which can provide an ideal animal model for the basic,and clinical study of MDR.

Methods: After successful performing either subcutaneous or hepatic transplantation in nude mice with liver cancer cell line HepG2, adriamycin (ADM) was injected into abdominal cavity to induce multidrug resistance.

[Establishment of human hepatocellular carcinoma multidrug-resistance cell line (HepG2/Adm) and study apoptosis induced by low-frequency pulse ultrasound exposure].

Objective: To establish human hepatocellular carcinoma multidrug-resistance cell line (HepG2/ADM) and to determine the effect of low-frequency pulse ultrasound (US) on MDR cells and investigate its mechanism.

Methods: Using gradual increase of adriamycin (ADM) concentrations in culture, an adriamycin-resistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cell sub line (HepG2/ADM) was established in vitro. HepG2/ADM cells were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group (HepG2/ADM only), the group ADM by 1.