Novel Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitor-Geranylated Flavonoid from Mulberry Leaves Ameliorates Insulin Resistance.

Mulberry leaf is a common vegetable with a variety of beneficial effects, such as hypoglycemic activity. However, the underlying mechanism of its hypoglycemic effect have not been fully revealed. In this study, two flavonoid derivatives were isolated from mulberry leaves, a new geranylated flavonoid compound () and its structural analogue ().

In vitro Antibiotic Susceptibility, Virulence Genes Distribution and Biofilm Production of Isolates from Bovine Mastitis in the Liaoning Province of China.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the subtype, characterize the antimicrobial resistance, determine the virulence gene distribution, and analyze the biofilm production of isolates from bovine mastitis milk samples in the Liaoning Province of China.

Materials And Methods: In total, 56 isolates were collected and identified in this study; the isolates were divided into different types based on the sequence of the polymorphic X region of the gene. Additionally, antimicrobial susceptibility was investigated using the broth microdilution method, and 18 virulence genes were detected using PCR.

Resistance to β-lactam antibiotic may influence nanH gene expression in Trueperella pyogenes isolated from bovine endometritis.

Virulence could be modulated by many instinctive and environmental factors including oxygen, osmolarity and antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between drug resistance and the nanH expression in Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes).

[Extract berberine hydrochloride by aqueous two-phase system].

Objective: To study the aqueous two-phase system which could be used for extraction of berberine hydrochloride.

Methods: Three aqueous two-phase systems were used for extraction experiment firstly, the best one was chosen from that, and then the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment were carried out.

Results: 10 mL 95% ethanol with 10 mL 2.

3-(3,4-Dimeth-oxy-phen-yl)-4-(2-meth-oxy-anilino)furan-2(5H)-one.

In the title compound, C(19)H(19)NO(5), the furan-one unit makes a dihedral angle of 30.93 (6)° with the benzene ring and a dihedral angle of 9.51 (6)° with the aniline ring.

(Z)-2-Hydr-oxy-3-(4-methoxy-phen-yl)acrylic acid.

In the structure of the title compound, C(10)H(10)O(4), inversion dimers linked by pairs of O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the carboxylic acid groups. Further O-H⋯O links cross-link the dimers into sheets running along the b-axis direction.

(Z)-2-Acetamido-3-(4-chloro-phen-yl)acrylic acid.

In the title compound, C(11)H(10)ClNO(3), the mol-ecule consists of a benzene ring and an acetamido-acrylic acid unit on opposite sides of the C=C double bond. In the crystal, inter-molecular O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds assemble the mol-ecules into infinite two-dimensional ribbons. These ribbons are linked into a network by inter-molecular C-H⋯π contacts.