Screening of Potential α-Glucosidase Inhibitors from the Roots and Rhizomes of by Affinity Ultrafiltration Screening Coupled with UPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS Method.

was a traditional Chinese medicine with various pharmacological activities and one of its important activities was hypoglycemic activity; therefore, has been used in China as an adjuvant in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In vivo and in vitro tests have revealed that ginsenosides, which are derived from the roots and rhizomes of have anti-diabetic effects and produce different hypoglycemic mechanisms by acting on some specific molecular targets, such as SGLT1, GLP-1, GLUTs, AMPK, and FOXO1. α-Glucosidase is another important hypoglycemic molecular target, and its inhibitors can inhibit the activity of α-Glucosidase so as to delay the absorption of dietary carbohydrates and finally reduce postprandial blood sugar.

Comprehensive Identification of Ginsenosides in the Roots and Rhizomes of Based on Their Molecular Features-Oriented Precursor Ions Selection and Targeted MS/MS Analysis.

is widely used in Asian countries and its active constituents-ginsenosides-need to be systematically studied. However, only a small part of ginsenosides have been characterized in the roots and rhizomes of (RRPG) up to date, mainly because of a lack of the fragmentation ions of many more ginsenosides. In order to comprehensively identify ginsenosides in RRPG, molecular features of ginsenosides orienting precursor ions selection and targeted tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis strategy were proposed in our study, in which the precursor ions were selected according to the molecular features of ginsenosides irrespective of their peak abundances, and targeted MS/MS analysis was then performed to obtain their fragmentation ions for substance characterization.

Effect of 2″--Rhamnosyl Icariside II, Baohuoside I and Baohuoside II in Herba Epimedii on Cytotoxicity Indices in HL-7702 and HepG2 Cells.

Herba Epimedii, a commonly used Chinese medicine, has attracted much attention recently because of its potential hepatotoxic effects. 2″--Rhamnosyl icariside II, baohuoside I and baohuoside II are the main components of Herba Epimedii, and previous research indicates that these three compounds are related to the hepatotoxicity of Herba Epimedii. To test this idea, in this study, HL-7702 and HepG2 cells were chosen as the in vitro models and the influences of these three compounds on a series of cytotoxicity indices, including ALT, AST, LDH, SOD, GSH, MDA, ROS and MMP, were determined.

[Concentration and Size Distribution Characteristics of Culturable Bioaerosols at Various Air Quality Levels During Fall and Winter in Xi'an, China].

The concentration and size distribution of culturable bacteria and fungi were studied in Xi'an city at various air quality levels. The culturable bioaerosols were collected by an Andersen bioaerosol aerosol sampler between Sept. 2014 and Jan.

Astragaloside IV protects rat retinal capillary endothelial cells against high glucose-induced oxidative injury.

Aim: Diabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes that leads to blindness. Hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress, which is an important cause in the pathogenesis of microangiopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) in retinal capillary endothelial cells (RCECs) incubated with high glucose conditions.