Urine miR-21-5p as a potential non-invasive biomarker for gastric cancer.

Many reports have implicated that microRNAs involve in cancer development and progression, such as miR-155 in breast cancers and miR-196 in gastric cancers. Furthermore, microRNAs are more stable than typical protein-coding gene mRNAs in varieties of clinical samples including body fluids. This suggests that they are potentially valuable biomarkers for cancer monitoring.

The Resistive Switching Characteristics in ZrO₂ and Its Filamentary Conduction Behavior.

This study investigated the conduction properties of sputtered ZrO₂ exhibiting reversible and stable resistance change. Similar current distributions in on/off conduction and set/reset switching were observed in top electrodes with a diameter of 150, 250, and 350 µm. The size independence of current magnitude implied the presence of an uneven filamentary path over the electrode area.

Prognostic impact of hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: the role of the surgeon in achieving R0 resection--a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Improvement in long-term survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has followed the developments in surgical techniques and multidisciplinary therapies. The role of the surgeon has rarely been studied and to fill this research gap we offer this study which has reviewed the outcome of surgery in attempted curative resection for this condition.

Methods: The clinical data of patients who underwent partial hepatectomy for HCC from January 2003 to December 2010 at the First People's Hospital of Foshan were collected and retrospectively analyzed.

Influence of embedding Cu nano-particles into a Cu/SiO2/Pt structure on its resistive switching.

Cu nano-particles (Cu-NPs) were embedded into the SiO2 layer of a Cu/SiO2/Pt structure to examine their influence on resistive switching characteristics. The device showed a reversible resistive switching behavior, which was due to the formation and rupture of a Cu-conducting filament with an electrochemical reaction. The Cu-NPs enhanced the local electric field within the SiO2 layer, which caused a decrease in the forming voltage.

MetaMirClust: discovery of miRNA cluster patterns using a data-mining approach.

Recent genome-wide surveys on ncRNA have revealed that a substantial fraction of miRNA genes is likely to form clusters. However, the evolutionary and biological function implications of clustered miRNAs are still elusive. After identifying clustered miRNA genes under different maximum inter-miRNA distances (MIDs), this study intended to reveal evolution conservation patterns among these clustered miRNA genes in metazoan species using a computation algorithm.

Aberrant expression of miR-196a in gastric cancers and correlation with recurrence.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs (~22 nt) that play important roles in the pathogenesis of human diseases by negatively regulating gene expression. Here, we examined the relationship between miR-196a and gastric cancer.By the analysis of 72 gastric cancer samples, we found that the expression level of miR-196a microRNA significantly increased in primary gastric cancer tissues versus adjacent normal tissues.

miRNA arm selection and isomiR distribution in gastric cancer.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-protein-coding RNAs. miRNA genes need several biogenesis steps to form function miRNAs. However, the precise mechanism and biology involved in the mature miRNA molecules are not clearly investigated.

Transcriptional regulation of miR-196b by ETS2 in gastric cancer cells.

E26 transformation-specific sequence (ETS)-2 is a transcriptional modulator located on chromosome 21, alterations in its expression have been implicated with a reduced incidence of solid tumors in Down syndrome patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are thought to participate in diverse biological functions; however, the regulation of miRNAs is not well characterized. Recently, we reported that miR-196b is highly expressed in gastric cancers.

Epigenetic regulation of miR-34b and miR-129 expression in gastric cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play fundamental roles in diverse biological and pathological processes by targeting the expression of specific genes. Here, we identified 38 methylation-associated miRNAs, the expression of which could be epigenetically restored by cotreatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and trichostatin A. Among these 38 miRNAs, we further analyzed miR-34b, miR-127-3p, miR-129-3p and miR-409 because CpG islands are predicted adjacent to them.

Aberrant hypermethylation of miR-9 genes in gastric cancer.

Carcinogenesis of the stomach involves multiple steps including genetic mutation or epigenetic alteration of tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes. Recently, tumor suppressive miRNAs have been shown to be deregulated by aberrant hypermethylation during gastric cancer progression. In this study, we demonstrate that three independent genetic loci encoding for miR-9 (miR-9-1, miR-9-2 and miR-9-3) are simultaneously modified by DNA methylation in gastric cancer cells.

Interrogation of rabbit miRNAs and their isomiRs.

Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) is the only lagomorph animal of which the genome has been sequenced. Establishing a rabbit miRNA resource will benefit subsequent functional genomic studies in mammals. We have generated small RNA sequence reads with SOLiD and Solexa platforms to identify rabbit miRNAs, where we identified 464 pre-miRNAs and 886 mature miRNAs.

UMARS: Un-MAppable Reads Solution.

Background: Un-MAppable Reads Solution (UMARS) is a user-friendly web service focusing on retrieving valuable information from sequence reads that cannot be mapped back to reference genomes. Recently, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has emerged as a powerful tool for generating high-throughput sequencing data and has been applied to many kinds of biological research. In a typical analysis, adaptor-trimmed NGS reads were first mapped back to reference sequences, including genomes or transcripts.

Discovery and characterization of medaka miRNA genes by next generation sequencing platform.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-protein-coding RNA genes which exist in a wide variety of organisms, including animals, plants, virus and even unicellular organisms. Medaka (Oryzias latipes) is a useful model organism among vertebrate animals. However, no medaka miRNAs have been investigated systematically.

Epigenetic regulation of miR-196b expression in gastric cancer.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNAs that play important roles in cellular processes and disease pathogenesis via the control of specific targeted gene expression. The miR-196s miRNA is encoded at three paralogous loci in three HOX clusters and acts as an oncogenic miRNA in cancer progression. Recent studies have demonstrated that the expression of miR-196b increases cell proliferation and survival in leukemic cells.

Identification of homologous microRNAs in 56 animal genomes.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-protein-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides. Thousands of miRNA genes have been identified (computationally and/or experimentally) in a variety of organisms, which suggests that miRNA genes have been widely shared and distributed among species. Here, we used unique miRNA sequence patterns to scan the genome sequences of 56 bilaterian animal species for locating candidate miRNAs first.

A dermatoglyphic study of the Amis aboriginal population of Taiwan.

Amis is the largest aboriginal population in Taiwan. The previous dermatoglyphic studies of the Amis only reported limited data. In this study, we collected and analyzed the dermatoglyphs of 200 Amis individuals, and we reported a wide range of dermatoglyphic variables including total finger ridge count, a-b ridge count, atd angle, axial triradius percent distance, and frequencies of fingerprint pattern, palmar thenar pattern, palmar interdigital pattern, and simian line.

A dermatoglyphic study of the Kavalan aboriginal population of Taiwan.

By the 1970s, a number of dermatoglyphic studies of Taiwan aborigines (Gaoshan nationality) had been published, however in each only a few dermatoglyphic variables were addressed. Since that time, little new research has been conducted. In this study, we collected and analyzed the dermatoglyphs of 100 individuals of Kavalan, a Taiwan aboriginal population, and we reported a wide range of dermatoglyphic variables including total finger ridge count (TFRC), a-b total ridge count (a-b RC), atd angle and axial triradius percent distance (tPD), and frequencies of fingerprint pattern, palmar thenar pattern, palmar interdigital pattern, palmar hypothenar pattern, and simian line.

Single amino-acid InDel variants generated by alternative tandem splice-donor and -acceptor selection.

We have investigated putative single amino-acid InDel variants with human ESTs. Examination of the formation process for single amino-acid InDel variants indicates a possible splicing mechanism in addition to the genomic insertion/deletion events as would be expected. The wobble-splicing transcripts were often generated around the intron-exon boundaries by selecting an alternative neighboring splice signal sequence, in particular the tandem agNAG or GTNgt sequence at the splice-acceptor or -donor site, thus creating single amino-acid InDel isoforms.

Clinical significance of AXL kinase family in gastric cancer.

Background: We have used degenerated PCR primers designed according to the consensus kinase motifs in order to amplify expressed protein tyrosine kinase molecules from human gastric cancers. From such kinase expression profiles, we have identified more than fifty different tyrosine and serine/threonine kinases from two matched pairs of gastric cancer tissue and normal mucosa. In previous studies, we have shown the clinical significance of two tyrosine kinases identified in gastric cancer, tie-1 and mkk4.