Multi-omics analysis reveals BDE47 induces depression-like behaviors in mice by interfering with the 2-arachidonoyl glycerol-associated microbiota-gut-brain axis.

2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) is a foodborne environmental risk factor for depression, but the pathogenic mechanism has yet to be fully characterized. In this study, we clarified the effect of BDE47 on depression in mice. The abnormal regulation of the microbiome-gut-brain axis is evidenced closely associated with the development of depression.

Calpain inhibitor MDL28170 alleviates cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and autophagy in a rat model of cardiac arrest.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is associated with a poor neurological prognosis in patients who have experienced cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential role of a calpain inhibitor in CIRI using a rat model of CA. CA was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, and MDL28170 (a calpain inhibitor) was administered to the rats within 30 min after the return of spontaneous circulation.

Selective and Real-Time Detection of Nitric Oxide by a Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe in Live Cells and Tissue Slices.

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in many physiological and pathological processes. To understand these NO-mediated processes, it is a key to develop rapid and specific detection methods for NO. In the past 2 decades, numerous excellent fluorescent probes for NO have been designed; however, it still remains limitations such as slow response, low selectivity, and short excitation wavelength (<600 nm).

Red fluorescent probes based on a Bodipy analogue for selective and sensitive detection of selenols in solutions and in living systems.

Selenocysteine (Sec), which is a biological selenol incorporated into selenoproteins specifically, plays vital roles in physiological processes and cancer treatment. However, there are limited fluorescent probes for selective detection of Sec and in only one case is a near-infrared (IR) fluorescent probe applied in biological imaging of Sec in living animals. In this work, we have synthesized a new fluorophore, boron-dibenzopyrromethene (B-Bodipy), with an absorption maximum at 650-660 nm, and constructed two deep red fluorescent probes, Sel-p1 and Sel-p2, which are two ethers composed of a 2,4-dinitrobenzenoxy and B-Bodipy moiety.

Acid-Activatable Michael-Type Fluorescent Probes for Thiols and for Labeling Lysosomes in Live Cells.

A Michael addition is usually taken as a base-catalyzed reaction. Most fluorescent probes have been designed to detect thiols in slightly alkaline solutions (pH 7-9). The sensing reactions of almost all Michael-type fluorescent probes for thiols are faster in a high pH solution than in a low pH solution.

Ratiometric two-photon fluorescent probes for mitochondrial hydrogen sulfide in living cells.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important signaling molecule with diverse biological roles. Various fluorescent probes for H2S with biological application have been developed. However, two-photon ratiometric imaging of mitochondrial H2S is scarce.