Microplastic-induced changes in Cd and Cr behavior in the agricultural soil-wheat system: Insights into metal bioavailability and phytotoxicity.

Microplastics (MPs) and heavy metals widely coexist in agricultural soils, posing significant risks to soil-plant ecosystems. This study explores the effects of five common MPs-polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), and polylactic acid (PLA)-and environmental-simulating microplastics (EMPs), composed based on the composition of local MPs in agricultural soils, on the bioavailability and phytotoxicity of Cd and Cr in soils. Pot experiments demonstrated that MPs, particularly PE and EMPs at a 5 % dosage, markedly decreased soil pH, water-holding capacity, and soil organic carbon content.

Enhancement mechanism of xanthan gum production in Xanthomonas campestris induced by atmospheric and room-temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis.

Xanthan gum, produced by the aerobic fermentation of carbohydrates by Xanthomonas campestris, is a significant natural and industrial biopolymer known for its exceptional properties. Enhancing the yield of xanthan gum production remains a critical challenge. This study employed atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) technology to induce mutagenesis in X.

High-throughput Sequencing Analysis of the Effects of Vanadium on Bacterial Community Structure in Purple Soil.

Vanadium (V) contamination in soil has received extensive attention due to its high toxicity. The change of mobility and bioavailability of soil V and the effects of V on the soil microbial community were studied under conditions of different V(V) spiking concentrations (0, 100, 250, and 500 mg kg) and aging time (1, 7, 14, 30, 45, and 60 d). The results showed that soil V mainly presented as V(IV) of all treatments throughout the aging process.

Vanadium mobilization and redistribution during mineral transformation of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings with different weathering degrees.

Due to the long-term open stockpile, the release of vanadium (V) from V-containing tailings will cause continuous V pollution in the mining area. Previous studies on the concentration and speciation of V primarily focused on surface tailings at a regional scale. However, the mobilization and redistribution of V within the tailing profile during the mineral transformation of tailings remain unclear.

Transcriptomic and metabolomic perspectives for the growth of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings with the effect of vanadium exposure.

Hitherto, the effect of vanadium on higher plant growth remains an open topic. Therefore, nontargeted metabolomic and RNA-Seq profiling were implemented to unravel the possible alteration in alfalfa seedlings subjected to 0.1 mg L (B group) and 0.

Dynamics of vanadium and response of inherent bacterial communities in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings to beneficiation agents, temperature, and illumination.

Vanadium-titanium (V-Ti) magnetite tailings contain toxic metals that could potentially pollute the surrounding environment. However, the impact of beneficiation agents, an integral part of mining activities, on the dynamics of V and the microbial community composition in tailings remains unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, we compared the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of V-Ti magnetite tailings under different environmental conditions, including illumination, temperature, and residual beneficiation agents (salicylhydroxamic acid, sodium isobutyl xanthate, and benzyl arsonic acid) during a 28-day reaction.

Effect of exogenous Ca on the physiology and growth indicators of pakchoi under foliar and root fluorine stress.

Fluorine (F) is not an essential element for vegetation and excessive F can be phytotoxic to plant growth, which can cause fluorosis to human beings by ingesting F-contaminated plant. Although there have been some studies focusing on the toxicity of F to plants and the retarding effect of Ca to F-stress plant, atmospheric F contamination to vegetation and the role of the application of foliar Ca are scantly reported. This study investigated several biochemical parameters to evaluate F toxicity under both F-exposure (root and leaf F-exposure) and the remedial effects of foliar Ca.

Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and oxalic acid mediated vanadium reduction and redistribution in vanadium-containing tailings.

The microbially- and chemically-mediated redox process is critical in controlling the fate of vanadium (V) in tailing environment. Although the microbial reduction of V has been widely studied, the coupled biotic reduction mediated by beneficiation reagents and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. Herein, the reduction and redistribution of V in V-containing tailings and Fe/Mn oxide aggregates mediated by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 and oxalic acid were explored.

Photo-induced reduction of vanadium in vanadium-containing iron/manganese oxide agglomerates by oxalic acid.

The stockpiling of vanadium-containing tailings allows vanadium to migrate into the surrounding area, resulting in toxic metal contamination. By using the vanadium-bearing iron/manganese (Fe/Mn) oxide agglomerates as the simulated tailings, the feasibility of photo-induced reduction of vanadium by oxalic acid was investigated. Batch effects of the available light and the reducing agents on agglomerates were investigated.

Contrasted speciation distribution of toxic metal(loid)s and microbial community structure in vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings under dry and wet disposal methods.

Tailing disposal technologies such as dry and wet disposal methods have a profound effect on the ecosystem of mining areas. However, the chemical speciation of metal(loid)s and microbial community structure in tailings under different disposal methods are still poorly understood. Here we compared the bioavailable fraction of metal(loid)s and the microbial community in vanadium-titanium (V-Ti) magnetite tailing profiles derived from dry and wet stockpiled methods.

Concentration and distribution of metals, total fluorine, per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in vertical soil profiles in industrialized areas.

The widespread usage of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has caused great concern due to their potential toxicology to human and environmental health. However, there have been limited investigations on the vertical distribution of PFAS in fluorine (F) contaminated soils. In this study, the spatial and vertical distribution of metals, total F, and PFAS in the soil profiles were investigated at different areas in an industrial city.

Multiple heavy metal distribution and microbial community characteristics of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailing profiles under different management modes.

Vanadium-titanium (V-Ti) magnetite tailings have caused great concern due to their safety hazards and environmental risks. However, the microbial community structure and the key geochemical factors of V-Ti magnetite tailing profiles under different management modes remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the heavy metal distribution and the microbial community structure of the soils and tailings at varied depths of V-Ti magnetite tailing profiles with and without soil coverage.

Growth Responses and Accumulation of Vanadium in Alfalfa, Milkvetch Root, and Swamp Morning Glory and Their Potential in Phytoremediation.

Pot experiments with alfalfa, milkvetch root and swamp morning glory were conducted to elucidate the effect of soil vanadium (V) on plant growth and to evaluate their phytoremediation potential under V(V) exposure. Based on biomass analysis, swamp morning glory showed higher tolerance than alfalfa and milkvetch root in response to different soil V(V) levels. The accumulation of V in plants increased with the increasing soil V and the V concentration in roots was 1.

Agricultural activities impact on soil and sediment fluorine and perfluorinated compounds in an endemic fluorosis area.

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are organo-fluorine compounds which have been identified at significant levels in soils due to their widespread usage in industrial and commercial applications. However, few studies are available regarding the occurrence of PFCs in the environment of endemic fluorosis areas. To address the issue, soils collected from an endemic fluorosis area of southwestern China were analyzed for the distribution of fluorine and 21 kinds of PFCs.

Remediation of fluoride contaminated soil with nano-hydroxyapatite amendment: Response of soil fluoride bioavailability and microbial communities.

Nano-hydroxyapatite (NHAP), possessing high defluoridation capacity, has been widely used to remove fluoride (F) from polluted water, but little is known about how it affects the bioavailability and toxicity of soil F towards plants. Here, the impact of NHAP (2% w/w) amendment on immobilization, speciation and accumulation of F was studied in a soil-plant system. The results revealed that the NHAP amendment worked effectively to reduce levels of water-soluble F (37.