The role and application of vesicles in triple-negative breast cancer: Opportunities and challenges.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry DNA, RNA, protein, and other substances involved in intercellular crosstalk and can be used for the targeted delivery of drugs. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is rich in recurrent and metastatic disease and lacks therapeutic targets. Studies have proved the role of EVs in the different stages of the genesis and development of TNBC.

Breaking the mold: Overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Immune checkpoint blockade-based therapies are effective against a sorts of cancers. However, drug resistance is a problem that cannot be ignored. This review intends to elucidate the mechanisms underlying drug tolerance induced by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, as well as to outline proposed mechanism-based combination therapies and small molecule drugs that target intrinsic immunity and immune checkpoints.

Synthesis and crystal structure of -poly[[hexa-aqua{μ-2-[bis-(carboxyl-atometh-yl)amino]-terephthalato}dicobalt(II)] penta-hydrate] containing water tapes and penta-mers.

The title coordination polymer, {[Co(CHNO)(HO)]·5HO} , was crystallized at room temperature from an aqueous solution of 2-aminodi-acetic terephthalic acid (Hadtp) and cobalt(II) nitrate. The asymmetric unit consists of one adtp ligand, one and two half Co ions, six water ligands coordinated to Co ions and five uncoordinated water mol-ecules. Two of the cobalt cations lie on centres of inversion and are coordinated in octa-hedral O(OH) environments, whereas the other adopts a slightly distorted octa-hedral NO(OH) environment.

Effect of SecinH3 on lung injury induced by sepsis of rats.

Objective: To study effect of SecinH3 on lung injury induced by the sepsis of rats.

Methods: A total of 30 SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups, including 5 rats in the control group and 25 in the model group. The intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was performed to build the animal model of sepsis.

Acute hypervolemic hemodilution effect on oxygen metabolism and blood pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing acute laparotomy during induction of general anesthesia.

Background/aims: To investigate acute hypervolemic hemodilution effect on oxygen metabolism and blood pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing acute laparotomy during Induction of general anesthesia.

Methodology: Forty ASA I-II patients undergoing acute laparotomy were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=20 each): Patients of group A received Voluven 7 ml/kg in 20 mins before induction and 8 ml/kg after induction. Patients of group B received 6 ml/kg/h Plasmalyte A.

[Optimal culture conditions of transgenic Polygonium multiflorum hairy root and the effect of elicitor on its growth].

Objective: To optimize the culture medium of transgenic Polygonium multiflorum hairy root and the effect of different elicitors on its growth.

Methods: Measured the growth curve of hairy root in four media, including MS, 1/2 MS, B5 and White and estimated the effects of elicitors on the hairy root biomass.

Results: MS medium was the most suitable of the four media for hairy root growth.

[The purification and characterization of polysaccharides isolated from Ginkgo biloba and their in vitro antioxidant activities].

Objective: To isolate and identify the polysaccharides of Ginkgo biloba and determine their antioxidant activities in vitro.

Methods: Used hot extraction and alcohol precipitation to get the crude polysaccharides, removed protein with Sevag method, further purify by column chromatography packed with DEAE-52 and DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow. The homogeneity and molecular weights were evaluated, configuration and monosaccharide composition were measured by IR and high performance ion chromatography analysis, the scavenging activities of GBPB-S on hydroxyl radical and DPPH were measured.

A bioluminescence assay for DNA methyltransferase activity based on methylation-resistant cleavage.

DNA methyltransferase (MTase) is a kind of important regulatory factor in various biological processes. Current methods to investigate DNA MTase activity are still limited in the sensitivity and/or generality. Therefore, developing methods with high sensitivity and improved generality is needed.

[Biotransformation of 4-methyl-7-allyloxy coumarin by transgenic hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum].

Objective: To synthesis 4-methyl-7-allyloxy coumarin by Williamson etherification from 4-methyl-7-hydroxy coumarin and apply as a substrate in hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum.

Methods: The synthesis reaction of 4-methyl-7-allyloxy coumarin used the allyl bromide and potassium carbonate as catalysts, and acetone as solvent reacted for 17 hours, then the product was isolated. 4-methyl-7-allyloxy coumarin was added into the media of supension transgenic hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum which had been precultured for 8 d, and then co-cultured for another 7 d.

Effect of selective inflow occlusion on hemodynamic conditions during laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy effect of selective inflow occlusion on hemodynamic conditions during laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy.

Background/aims: Selective inflow occlusion instead of portal triad clamping was used during laparoscopic left hemihepatectomy in our institution. This study observed its hemodynamic effects during operation.

Methodology: Hemodynamic parameters including heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were collected at 6 time points: after induction, after insufflation with CO2, after patient in reverse Trendelenburg position, after left branch of hepatic artery was occluded, after left branch of portal vein was occluded and after desufflation with patient supine.

[Clinical observation on acupoint injection therapy for chronic gastritis of gastric blood stasis type].

Objective: To objectively evaluate the clinical effect of acupoint injection therapy for chronic gastritis of gastric blood stasis type.

Methods: One hundred and two cases arranged by registration order were randomly divided into an acupoint injection group and a medicine group, 51 cases in each group. The acupoint injection group was treated with acupoint injection of compound Danshen injection, and Zusanli (ST 36) and Weishu (BL 21) were selected, and the medicine group with oral administration of Omeprazole.

Ventricular fibrillation caused by electrocoagulation in monopolar mode during laparoscopic subphrenic mass resection.

Background: Monopolar is usually a safe and effective electrosurgical unit used in laparoscopic general surgery. However, it can cause adverse outcomes and even cardiac arrest. We present a video of laparoscopic subphrenic mass resection using monopolar coagulation during which ventricular fibrillation occurred and from which the patient was successfully resuscitated.

Fingerprint analysis of anti-tumor active polypeptides from Arca subcrenata by HPLC.

RP-HPLC was applied to analyze active polypeptides in Arca subcrenata, and the optimal condition for separation was also set up: temperature: 30 degrees C; wavelength: 280 nm; flow rate: 1.0 ml/min; Solvent A consisted of 80% acetonitrile and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and solvent B contained 0.

[Expression of MMP-2 and its clinical significance in cervical squamous carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the relationship of the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) with tumorigenesis, development and metastasis of cervical squamous carcinoma.

Methods: The expression and distribution of MMP-2 protein were detected by using immunohistochemical SP method. The active protein and mRNA of MMP-2 were determined by using gelatin Zymography and RT-PCR, respectively.

[Biotransformation of furannoligularenone by hairy root cultures of Polygonum multiflorum].

Objective: To investigate the biotransformation of furannoligularenone by hairy roots of Polygonum multiflorum.

Methods: Furannoligularenone was added to the medium of hairy roots of P. multiflorum after precultured for 9 days, then they were co-cultured.

[Therapeutic effects of acupoint drug-finger pressing on gastroesophageal reflux].

Objective: To observe the clinical effects and possible mechanism of acupoint drug-finger pressing (ADFP) on gastroesophageal reflux (GER).

Methods: Eighty patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group, 40 in each group. The treatment group was treated by ADFP on Ganshu (BL18), Danshu (BL19), Weishu (BL21) and Pishu (BL20) acupoint of bilateral Foot-taiyang Bladder Meridians with pressing and kneading maneuver for 15 min each time, twice per day, while the control group was treated with acid-inhibitory and gastrokinetic drugs as omeprazole enteric-coated tablets (20 mg, once administration at a 12-h interval) and cisapride tablets (10 mg, thrice daily, taken 15 min before meals).

[Studies on biotransformation of arbutin by 4-hydroxy phenol in hairy root of Polygonum multiflorum].

Objective: To study the biotransformation of arbutin by 4-hydroxy phenol in hairy root of Polygonum multiflorum.

Method: 4-hydroxy phenol was used as substrate, the standard curve was made by HPLC, and the influences of the co-culture time, the concentration of substrate added and the volume of culture flasks on biotransformation of arbutin were measured by the index of the production yield and transform rate of arbutin.

Result: Arbutin could be detected from both of the cultures and medium.

[Effects of exogenous phytohormones on hairy root growth and biosynthesis of anthraquinones in the hairy root culture of Polygonum multiflorum].

The effects of exogenous phytohormones on hairy root growth and biosynthesis of anthraquinones in the hairy root cultures of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. were studied. The results showed that the 2,4-D, NAA and 6-BA all have obvious effects on the growth of hairy root cultures and the biosynthesis of anthraquinones.

Silencing of Bcl-XL expression in human MGC-803 gastric cancer cells by siRNA.

To investigate the inhibitory effect of the Bcl-XL small interfering RNA (siRNA) on Bcl-XL gene expression in the human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803, green fluorescent protein (GFP) siRNA was constructed and transfected into MGC-803 cells, together with GFP expression vector pTrace SV40. GFP expression levels were observed using fluorescence microscopy. Bcl-XL siRNA and negative siRNA were then constructed and stably transfected into MGC-803 cells.