Suffruticosol B from Paeonia lactiflora Ameliorates Alzheimer's Disease Pathology by Inhibiting MAO-B Activity.

Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) has emerged as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its involvement in the synthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in reactive astrocytes, which inhibits neuronal activity. Suffruticosol B (Suf-B), isolated from Paeonia lactiflora, is one of the resveratrol oligomers. Although resveratrol oligomers have demonstrated neuroprotective effects, it remains unexplored whether Suf-B exerts therapeutic effects on AD by targeting MAO-B.

Uncaria Rhynchophylla and hirsuteine as TRPV1 agonists inducing channel desensitization.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Uncaria rhynchophylla (UR) is recognized for its therapeutic applications in treating hypertension and inflammation. However, the specific molecular mechanisms how UR and its bioactive constituents modulate inflammatory pathways remain unknown. This study investigates the effects of UR extract and its constituent, hirsuteine (HST), on TRPV1 channel modulation which is related to hypertension and inflammation.

Anti-inflammatory effect of Trichospira verticillata via suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in neutrophilic asthma.

Trichospira verticillata is an annual herb that belongs to the family Asteraceae. Trichospira verticillata extract (TVE) elicits anti-plasmodial activity; however, there has been no detailed report about its anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms. In addition, herbal plants exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Phytochemical investigation on the aerial parts of f. Nakai and their biological activities.

spp. have traditionally been used in folk medicine to treat various pathologies. In this study, nine compounds, comprising one simple phenolic compound (), three stilbenoids (-), and five flavonoids (-), were isolated from the aerial parts of f.

Aiouea padiformis extract exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the ATPase activity of NLRP3.

Inflammation is implicated as a cause in many diseases. Most of the anti-inflammatory agents in use are synthetic and there is an unmet need for natural substance-derived anti-inflammatory agents with minimal side effects. Aiouea padiformis belongs to the Lauraceae family and is primarily found in tropical regions.

Enhanced neuronal activity by suffruticosol A extracted from Paeonia lactiflora via partly BDNF signaling in scopolamine-induced memory-impaired mice.

Neurodegenerative diseases are explained by progressive defects of cognitive function and memory. These defects of cognition and memory dysfunction can be induced by the loss of brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) signaling. Paeonia lactiflora is a traditionally used medicinal herb in Asian countries and some beneficial effects have been reported, including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer activity, and potential neuroprotective effects recently.

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Miq. on 3T3-L1 Adipocytes.

, a climbing tree belonging to Smilacaceae, has been used in traditional oriental medicine for treating arthritis, tumors, leprosy, psoriasis, and lumbago. To evaluate the anti-obesity effects of (Smilacaceae), we screened methylene chloride (CHCl), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), aqueous-saturated -butanol, and ethanol (EtOH) extracts of the whole plant at various concentrations to inhibit adipogenesis in adipocytes. The 3T3-L1 cell line with Oil red O staining with the help of fluorometry was used as an indicator of anti-obesity activity.

The central administration of vitisin a, extracted from Vitis vinifera, improves cognitive function and related signaling pathways in a scopolamine-induced dementia model.

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), are characterized by cognitive function loss and progressive memory impairment. Vitis vinifera, which is consumed in the form of fruits and wines in various countries, contains several dietary stilbenoids that have beneficial effects on neuronal disorders related to cognitive impairment. However, few studies have investigated the hypothalamic effects of vitisin A, a resveratrol tetramer derived from V.

Vitisin B inhibits influenza A virus replication by multi-targeting neuraminidase and virus-induced oxidative stress.

The development of drug-resistant influenza and new pathogenic virus strains underscores the need for antiviral therapeutics. Currently, neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors are commonly used antiviral drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the prevention and treatment of influenza. Here, we show that vitisin B (VB) inhibits NA activity and suppresses H1N1 viral replication in MDCK and A549 cells.

Enhanced anti-wrinkle activity of adlay bran fermented with Lactobacillus brevis MJM60390.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to screen the lactic acid bacteria for fermentation of adlay bran and evaluate the anti-wrinkle effect of fermented and non-fermented adlay bran.

Methods: Adlay bran was fermented with candidate LAB and extracted with 70% ethanol. The extracts from LAB-fermented adlay bran and non-fermented adlay bran were evaluated for the anti-wrinkle effects by measuring the hyaluronan, collagen, and elastin production in cells using ELISA kit.

Lotus Seed Green Embryo Extract and a Purified Glycosyloxyflavone Constituent, Narcissoside, Activate TRPV1 Channels in Dorsal Root Ganglion Sensory Neurons.

Several studies have documented the broad-spectrum bioactivities of a lotus seed ( [PN]) green embryo extract. However, the specific bioactive components and associated molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study aimed to identify the ion channel-activating mechanisms of PN extracts.

Ameliorates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity by Elevating Peripheral Thermogenic Signaling.

has been consumed as a food and as a traditional medicine for treating autoimmune diseases and aging in diverse countries. A previous study showed that a mixture of and prohibited adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation in preadipocytes and suppressed diet-induced obesity. Nevertheless, the mechanism of to regulate energy homeostasis solely through thermogenic signaling remains unclear.

Galla rhois water extract inhibits enzymatic browning in apple juice partly by binding to and inactivating polyphenol oxidase.

Although Galla rhois has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries, there was no application of it in anti-browning food additives. Here, we tested whether Galla rhois inhibits apple juice browning. Apple juice browning was blocked at 250-1000 µg/ml of Galla rhois for 16 days but the effect of vitamin C did not last until a day.

Hypothalamic administration of sargahydroquinoic acid elevates peripheral thermogenic signaling and ameliorates high fat diet-induced obesity through the sympathetic nervous system.

Sargassum serratifolium (C. Agardh) C.Agardh, a marine brown alga, has been consumed as a food and traditional medicine in Asia.

The multi-functional roles of forkhead box protein O in skin aging and diseases.

Forkhead box, class O (FoxO) family members are multifunctional transcription factors that are involved in several metabolic processes, including energy metabolism, apoptosis, DNA repair, and oxidative stress. However, their roles in skin health have not been well-documented. Recent studies have indicated that FoxOs are important factors to control skin homeostasis and health.

Central Administration of Ampelopsin A Isolated from Ameliorates Cognitive and Memory Function in a Scopolamine-Induced Dementia Model.

Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive degeneration of the function of the central nervous system or peripheral nervous system and the decline of cognition and memory abilities. The dysfunctions of the cognitive and memory battery are closely related to inhibitions of neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and brain-derived cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) to associate with the cholinergic system and long-term potentiation. , the common grapevine, is viewed as the important dietary source of stilbenoids, particularly the widely-studied monomeric resveratrol to be used as a natural compound with wide-ranging therapeutic benefits on neurodegenerative diseases.

Central administration of afzelin extracted from Ribes fasciculatum improves cognitive and memory function in a mouse model of dementia.

Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the decline of cognitive function and the progressive loss of memory. The dysfunctions of the cognitive and memory system are closely related to the decreases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signalings. Ribes fasciculatum, a medicinal plant grown in diverse countries, has been reported to pharmacological effects for autoimmune diseases and aging recently.

Antiosteoarthritic Effect of Morroniside in Chondrocyte Inflammation and Destabilization of Medial Meniscus-Induced Mouse Model.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease that results in joint inflammation as well as pain and stiffness. A previous study has reported that (CO) extract inhibits oxidant activities and oxidative stress in RAW 264.7 cells.

Monoterpenoids from the Fruits of Have Inhibitory Effects on Nitric Oxide Production.

In our search for novel plant-derived inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) with potential for treating inflammatory diseases, the phytochemicals of fruits were investigated, leading to the isolation of one bicyclic nonane (), three menthene skeleton monoterpenoids (-), and two acyclic monoterpenoids ( and ). Their structures were identified using one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. To the best of our knowledge, compounds - were obtained from the genus for the first time.

Skin-Related Properties and Constituents from the Aerial Parts Extract of .

In the course of screening for cosmetic ingredients by measuring antioxidant and antiwrinkle and whitening and anti-inflammatory activities, skin-related activity was tested using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, elastase inhibition, tyrosinase inhibition, and nitric oxide assay. Several Polygonaseae extracts were found to show potent activity. The results showed that the methanolic extract has the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ABTS radical scavenging activities (IC 61.

Osteoprotective Effects of Loganic Acid on Osteoblastic and Osteoclastic Cells and Osteoporosis-Induced Mice.

Osteoporosis is a common disease caused by an imbalance of processes between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts in postmenopausal women. The roots of L. (GL) are reported to have beneficial effects on various human diseases related to liver functions and gastrointestinal motility, as well as on arthritis.

Scopolin Attenuates Osteoporotic Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Mice.

Bone remodeling is a renewal process regulated by bone synthesis (osteoblasts) and bone destruction (osteoclasts). A previous study demonstrated that cortex (LRC) extract inhibited ovariectomized (OVX)-induced bone loss in mice. This study investigated the anti-osteoporotic effects of bioactive constituent(s) from the LRC extract.

Antiobesity Effects of Extract on 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and a High-Fat Diet-Induced Mouse Model.

Obesity is one of the most common metabolic diseases resulting in metabolic syndrome. In this study, we investigated the antiobesity effect of L. (GL) extract on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and a high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced mouse model.

Schisandra Extract and Ascorbic Acid Synergistically Enhance Cognition in Mice Through Modulation of Mitochondrial Respiration.

Cognitive decline is observed in aging and neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia. Intracellular energy produced via mitochondrial respiration is used in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and structure, including dendritic spine length and density, as well as for the release of neurotrophic factors involved in learning and memory. To date, a few synthetic agents for improving mitochondrial function have been developed for overcoming cognitive impairment.

Diterpenoids and phenolic analogues from the roots of .

Two new compounds, including a -pimarane diterpenoid (continentanol, ) and a phenolic derivative (aralianic acid, ), along with the known diterpenoids (-), polyacetylenes (-), phenolic components (-), and phytosterols ( and ), were isolated from roots of . The structures of the new compounds were established by spectroscopic data interpretation, particularly HRESIMS, 1 D and 2 D NMR data including HSQC and HMBC. Also, those of the known compounds were identified by spectral comparison with those of the reported values.