Enzymatic synthesis of stachyose-derived fatty acid mono-esters, the evaluation of their surface and interfacial properties and the capacity of certain derived emulsions to deliver resveratrol.

The nutritional characteristics of the tetrasaccharide stachyose prompted its incorporation into biosurfactants through esterification with fatty acid derivatives embodying 12-22 carbon chains. The resulting esters were evaluated for their surface active effects, emulsifying properties and capacities to form emulsions capable of the selective delivery of the anti-oxidant resveratrol. While such studies have revealed that those congeners embodying longer side-chains have higher critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and lower interfacial tensions, their hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) values fell within a tight range.

Seasonal dynamics and driving mechanisms of microbial biogenic elements cycling function, assembly process, and co-occurrence network in plateau lake sediments.

Microbial community diversity significantly varies with seasonality. However, little is known about seasonal variation of microbial community functions in lake sediments and their associated environmental influences. In this study, metagenomic sequencing of sediments collected from winter, summer, and autumn from Caohai Lake, Guizhou Plateau, were used to evaluate the composition and function of sediment microbial communities, the potential interactions of functional genes, key genes associated with seasons, and community assembly mechanisms.

Loss of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes alters bacterial and archaeal community structures, and reduces their co-occurrence networks connectivity and complexity.

Introduction: Bacteria and archaea are important components in shallow lake ecosystems and are crucial for biogeochemical cycling. While the submerged macrophyte loss is widespread in shallow lakes, the effect on the bacteria and archaea in the sediment and water is not yet widely understood.

Methods: In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to explore the bacteria and archaea in samples taken from the sediment and water in the submerged macrophyte abundant (MA) and submerged macrophyte loss (ML) areas of Caohai Lake, Guizhou, China.

Analysis of diversity and function of epiphytic bacterial communities associated with macrophytes using a metagenomic approach.

Epiphytic bacteria constitute a vital component of aquatic ecosystems, pivotal in regulating elemental cycling. Despite their significance, the diversity and functions of epiphytic bacterial communities adhering to various submerged macrophytes remain largely unexplored. In this study, we employed a metagenomic approach to investigate the diversity and function of epiphytic bacterial communities associated with six submerged macrophytes: Ceratophyllum demersum, Hydrilla verticillata, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Potamogeton lucens, Stuckenia pectinata, and Najas marina.

The Efficacy and Safety of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy for Lichen Sclerosus: A Meta Analysis.

Background: Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that occurs mainly in the anogenital area and causes itching, soreness, atrophy and scarring, which may result in burying of the clitoris in females and phimosis in males. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been suggested during the past years as an alternative non-invasive treatment for LS, but there is still no meta-analysis to evaluate its efficacy and safety.

Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) for treatment of LS.

Estimation and characterization of atmospheric turbulence in the free atmosphere above the Tibetan Plateau using the Thorpe method.

Understanding turbulence in the free atmosphere is important for analyzing atmospheric pollution, forecasting weather, and light transmission. In this paper, we have tried to estimate the atmospheric refractive index structure constant 2, the turbulent dissipation rate , and the turbulent diffusion coefficient simultaneously during the experiment time over Lhasa, using the sounding data coupled with the Thorpe method. The result shows that the 2 estimation gives a better performance with the correlation coefficients and the average relative error when compared with 2 estimated by Dewan and HMNSP99.

Different sulfide to arsenic ratios driving arsenic speciation and microbial community interactions in two alkaline hot springs.

Arsenic (As) is ubiquitous in geothermal fluids, which threatens both water supply safety and local ecology. The co-occurrence of sulfur (S) and As increases the complexity of As migration and transformation in hot springs. Microorganisms play important roles in As-S transformation processes.

Different Regulatory Strategies of Arsenite Oxidation by Two Isolated Strains From Hot Springs.

Arsenic is a ubiquitous constituent in geothermal fluids. Thermophiles represented by play vital roles in its transformation in geothermal fluids. In this study, two strains, named as 15Y and 15W, were isolated from arsenic-rich geothermal springs and found different arsenite oxidation behaviors with different oxidation strategies.

Model for estimating the astronomical seeing at Dome A, Antarctica.

A model for estimating astronomical seeing at Kunlun Station (Dome A, Antarctica) is proposed. This model is based on the Tatarskii equation, using the wind shear and temperature gradient as inputs, and a seeing model depending directly on the weather data is provided. The seeing and near-ground weather data to build and validate the proposed seeing model were measured at Dome A during the summer of 2019.

Fractal analysis of rat dermal tissue in the different injury states.

Scar formation and chronic ulcers can develop following a skin injury. They are the result of the over- or underproduction of collagen. It is very important to evaluate the quality and quantity of the collagen that is produced during wound healing, especially with respect to its structure, as these factors are very important to a complicated outcome.

Simple method to estimate the optical turbulence over snow and ice.

A simple physics-based method for estimating optical turbulence (2) within the surface layer over snow and ice is proposed, using the Tatarski equation with an improved outer scale model. This improved outer scale model mainly requires the calculation of the wind shear and temperature gradients. Based on the measurements from a mobile polar atmospheric parameter measurement system at the Antarctic Taishan Station in 2014, 2 was estimated using two methods: the Tatarski equation and the Monin-Obukhov similarity (MOS) theory.

Reliable model to estimate the profile of the refractive index structure parameter (C) and integrated astroclimatic parameters in the atmosphere.

Based on the statistical study of meteorological balloons equipped with thermosondes, a new model that estimates the profile of the refractive index structure constant (2) is proposed. Utilizing temperature, pressure, and wind shear as inputs, this new approach can estimate vertical profiles of 2 with 100 m vertical resolution. We used four outer scale models (Thorpe, HMNSP99, Dewan, and our proposed model) on data acquired from Rongcheng (Shandong Peninsula) and Maoming (Guangdong Province) to estimate the 2 profiles and compared the results with the measured 2 profile.

Estimation of behavior of optical turbulence during summer in the surface layer above the Antarctic Plateau using the Polar WRF model.

An optical turbulence ($C_n^2$) was found to be concentrated predominantly in the thin surface layer (SL) above the Antarctic Plateau. We present an estimation of the behavior of the SL $C_n^2$ during the summer time over the entire Antarctic Plateau, using the polar-optimized version of the Weather Research and Forecast model (Polar WRF) coupled with the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory. The results show that the $C_n^2$ is affected by the sunlight direction and terrain height.

Diversity and arsenic-metabolizing gene clusters of indigenous arsenate-reducing bacteria in high arsenic groundwater of the Hetao Plain, Inner Mongolia.

Dissimilatory arsenate reduction from arsenic (As)-bearing minerals into highly mobile arsenite is one of the key mechanisms of As release into groundwater. To detect the microbial diversity and As-metabolizing gene clusters of indigenous arsenate-reducing bacteria in high As groundwater in the Hetao Plain of Inner Mongolia, China, three anaerobic arsenate-reducing bacteria were isolated and arrA and arsC gene-based clone libraries of four in situ groundwater samples were constructed. The strains IMARCUG-11(G-11), IMARCUG-C1(G-C1) and IMARCUG-12(G-12) were phylogenetically belonged to genera Paraclostridium, Citrobacter and Klebsiella, respectively.

Estimating and measurement of atmospheric optical turbulence according to balloon-borne radiosonde for three sites in China.

The distribution of optical turbulence (2 profiles) is the fundamental parameter closely related to the design and application of optoelectronic systems. Since systematic direct measurements of optical turbulence for many climates and seasons are not available, it is useful to estimate 2 effectively from the routine meteorological parameters. The 2 profiles are estimated by routine meteorological parameters based on the Tatarskii model, and the estimated results are compared with the corresponding radiosonde measurements from the field campaigns at Rongcheng (122.

Study on the related factors of post-herpetic neuralgia in hospitalized patients with herpes zoster in Sichuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine based on big data analysis.

Although various factors were reported to be related to post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN), studies based on adequate and comprehensive data were absent. Data was extracted from cases of hospitalized patients with herpes zoster in dermatology department, Sichuan hospital of traditional Chinese medicine range from December, 2011 to February, 2018, and then cleaned to build prediction model with TREENET algorithms. Following evaluated the prediction model by ROC and confusion matrix, variables importance ranking and variables dependency analysis were performed, resulting in the importance ranking of factors for PHN and the dependency between factors and PHN.

Effects and possible mechanisms of sanguinarine on the competition between Raphidiopsis raciborskii (Cyanophyta) and Scenedesmus obliquus (Chlorophyta): A comparative toxicological study.

The phytogenic algicide sanguinarine shows strong inhibitory effects on some bloom-forming cyanobacteria and exhibits great potential in cyanobacterial bloom mitigation. To evaluate the possible ecological effects of sanguinarine on microalgae, the effects and possible mechanisms of sanguinarine on the competition between bloom-forming cyanobacterium Raphidiopsis raciborskii (formerly named Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii) and green alga Scenedesmus obliquus were investigated through co-culture competition test and comparative toxicological study including growth characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence transients, activities of antioxidant enzymes, and lipid peroxidation. The results of Raphidiopsis-Scenedesmus co-culture competition test showed that sanguinarine decreased the competition ability of R.

New $\text{C}_{n}^{2}$ statistical model based on first radiosonde turbulence observation over Lhasa.

It is worth highlighting that, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, vertical profiles of atmospheric parameters and $C_n^2$ were measured at Lhasa, south of the Tibetan Plateau, using balloon-borne radiosondes. Based on the measurements, two new statistical models (Lhasa HMN and Lhasa Dewan) for estimating turbulence strength are proposed. Attention has been paid to evaluate the reliability of the two models to reconstruct vertical profiles of $C_n^2$ from a statistical perspective.

Potential molecular mechanisms of negative pressure in promoting wound healing.

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been widely used in various lesions. This study aimed to explore the biological effects of negative pressure on the polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), macrophages, and epidermal keratinocyte cells involved in wound healing. PMNs differentiated from HL-60, macrophages were derived from THP-1 monocytes, and keratinocytes were cultured in vitro, and they were treated with 0, -0.

Arsenic mobilization affected by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of the dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria isolated from high arsenic groundwater.

The factors that control arsenic (As) mobilization by dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) are complicated. The association between As mobilization and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of dissimilatory iron reducing bacteria (DIRB) remained unclear. In this study, three DIRB were isolated from high arsenic groundwater to understand the effects of EPS on As mobilization.

Adaptive niche-genetic algorithm based on backpropagation neural network for atmospheric turbulence forecasting.

Because systematic direct measurements of the refractive index structure constant ($C_n^2$Cn2) are not available for many climates and seasons, we developed an indirect method to forecast optical turbulence. The $C_n^2$Cn2 was estimated from a backpropagation neural network optimized by an adaptive niche-genetic algorithm. The estimated result was validated against the corresponding six-day $C_n^2$Cn2 data from a field campaign of the 30th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition.

Mesoscale optical turbulence simulations above Tibetan Plateau: first attempt.

The vertical distributions of optical turbulence ( 2 profiles) are a major factor in defining the capabilities of ground-based telescopes and interferometers. As site-testing campaigns are extremely expensive and instruments only provide the local atmospheric parameter, atmospheric modeling might represent an advance prediction result in astronomical sites. The key meteorological parameters and the integrated astroclimatic parameters (Fried parameter r, seeing ɛ, isoplanatic angle θ and wavefront coherence time τ) related to the 2 profiles above the Tibetan Plateau are investigated for astronomical applications by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model.

A reservoir-damage-free encapsulated acid dually controlled by hydrogen ion concentration and temperature.

Oil and gas exploration and development extends from medium-low temperatures to high and ultra-high temperatures with the development of the oil and gas industry. High-temperature deep carbonate reservoir acid fracturing has introduced more stringent requirements, a slower chemical reaction rate and excellent dissolution performance of acid systems, which means that the acid system should still have a certain dissolution ability above 135 °C. A novel water-soluble encapsulated acid (EA), dual controlled by hydrogen ion concentration and temperature, was developed to exploit ultra-high-temperature carbonate reservoirs.

WoundCareLog APP - A new application to record wound diagnosis and healing.

The incidence of chronic wounds has been increasing over the past 20 years. However, the standardized diagnosis and treatment practice of chronic refractory wounds have not been established. In addition, the properties of the wound are characterized by morphology and thus correct description of the wound in medical history collection plays a vital role, which directly affects the definitive diagnosis.