Publications by authors named "Chun Lei Gao"

1T-TiSe, a promising candidate of the sought-after excitonic insulator, possesses an enigmatic charge density wave (CDW) order of which the microscopic origin is formidable to settle owing to the chicken-and-egg entanglement between the electron and lattice degrees of freedom. Its CDW experiences an intriguing but elusive quantum melting and eventually enters the superconducting phase under metal intercalation, suggesting the possible role of melted-order fluctuation in gluing the electron paring. Employing the spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscope (STM), we access the pure electronic behavior by visualizing the CDW melting process of monolayer 1T-TiSe in both the space and energy-band dimensions.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers are investigating the unique superconducting properties of LiTiO, the only oxide superconductor with a spinel structure, due to frustrations in its mixed-valence state.
  • They discovered a distinct fourfold rotational symmetry in the superconductivity of high-quality LiTiO(001) thin films, which exhibited oscillations in magnetoresistivity and upper critical fields under a magnetic field while in the superconducting state.
  • The observed behavior is linked to unconventional -wave Cooper pairing, indicating a complex pairing interaction in this three-dimensional spinel oxide superconductor.
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The studies have shown that a healthy lifestyle has a significant impact on the academic achievement of adolescents. Behavior of breakfast eating is considered a hallmark of dietary patterns and an important component of a healthy lifestyle. The prior study explained that students had a lower level of achievement motivation at school because they were exposed to some militating factors in their families such as absenteeism, ill health, malnutrition, and hunger.

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  • Ultrathin bismuth films are identified as potential two-dimensional topological insulators, but their properties are influenced by factors such as film thickness and substrate interactions.
  • Research utilizing advanced techniques like angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy shows that Bi(111) films on a NbSe substrate exhibit quasi-freestanding band structures and one-dimensional edge states even at just three bilayers thick.
  • The coexistence of these topological edge states and superconductivity, with pairing potential diminishing as layer thickness increases, positions the system as an exciting opportunity for investigating Majorana Fermions.
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  • Recent theories predict that Majorana zero modes (MZMs) can lead to spin selective Andreev reflection (SSAR), a unique magnetic property useful for detecting MZMs.
  • Using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, researchers examined SSAR in a Bi_{2}Te_{3}/NbSe_{2} topological superconductor.
  • Findings show that the tunneling conductance is higher when the tip polarization aligns with the external magnetic field, providing evidence of MZMs and their magnetic properties, which could advance research in quantum computing.
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ZnTPP (Zinc-Tetraphenylporphyrin) is one of the most common nanostructured materials, having high stability and excellent optoelectronic properties. In this paper, the fluorescence features of self-assembled ZnTPP monomers and aggregates on Au(111) surface are investigated in detail on the nanometer scale with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The formation of ZnTPP dimers is found in thick layers of a layer-by-layer molecular assembly on Au substrate with its specific molecular arrangement well characterized.

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Following the first experimental realization of graphene, other ultrathin materials with unprecedented electronic properties have been explored, with particular attention given to the heavy group-IV elements Si, Ge and Sn. Two-dimensional buckled Si-based silicene has been recently realized by molecular beam epitaxy growth, whereas Ge-based germanene was obtained by molecular beam epitaxy and mechanical exfoliation. However, the synthesis of Sn-based stanene has proved challenging so far.

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Article Synopsis
  • Electrons behave differently at the surface of materials compared to their insides, so it’s important to study them closely.
  • Scientists created a new tool that combines a special microscope with a four-point probe, which helps investigate surfaces in great detail.
  • They tested this new instrument on a single-layer film, showing clear images and electrical measurements that help understand how materials work at the surface.
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Majorana fermions have been intensively studied in recent years for their importance to both fundamental science and potential applications in topological quantum computing. They are predicted to exist in a vortex core of superconducting topological insulators. However, it is extremely difficult to distinguish them experimentally from other quasiparticle states for the tiny energy difference between Majorana fermions and these states, which is beyond the energy resolution of most available techniques.

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Recent experiments on FeSe films grown on SrTiO3 (STO) suggest that interface effects can be used as a means to reach superconducting critical temperatures (Tc) of up to 80 K (ref. ). This is nearly ten times the Tc of bulk FeSe and higher than the record value of 56 K for known bulk Fe-based superconductors.

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Yessotoxin (YTX) and its analogs are a type of marine toxins found in marine environments in numerous coastal countries. These toxins tend to accumulate in filter-feeding molluscs and may threaten the shellfish industry and public health. Several previous studies indicated that YTX may induce apoptosis in different types of cell lines, although the exact underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated.

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The marine toxin yessotoxin (YTX) is found in numerous aquatic environments and poses a potential threat to the shellfish industry and to public health. We analyzed the toxicity of YTX on HL7702 human liver cells using optical microscopy, Hoechst 33342 chromatin staining, DNA gel electrophoresis, rhodamine 123 staining and calcium-sensitive laser scanning confocal microscopy. The results demonstrated that YTX induced the usual hallmarks of apoptosis, including chromatin condensation, DNA laddering, activity of caspase-3 deregulation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.

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To investigate the apoptotic effects of an extract of red-tide algae, Protoceratium reticulatum, on HeLa cells, we used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, optical microscopy, Hoechst 33342/propidine iodide staining, and DNA gel electrophoresis to analyze its constituents and toxicity, as well as rhodamine 123 staining to investigate changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Analysis showed that the P. reticulatum extract contained the yessotoxins (YTXs) homo-YTX, 45-OH-YTX and 45-OH-homo-YTX.

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The apoptotic effects of yessotoxin (YTX) on Bel7402 human hepatoma cells have been evaluated by the combination of several methods, including optical microscopy, Hoechst 33342 staining and DNA gel electrophoresis. Rhodamine 123 staining has also been used to investigate changes in mitochondrial transmembrane potential. The results indicated that YTX has negative effects on human liver cells and induces apoptosis.

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