Healthy lifestyle interventions for childhood and adolescent cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of healthy lifestyle interventions (HLSIs) on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in childhood and adolescent cancer survivors (CACS).

Methods: Major databases were searched for English-language original articles published between January 1, 2000 and May 2, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs were included.

Emerging role of E2F8 in human cancer.

E2F8 is a multifaceted transcription factor that plays a crucial role in mediating the hallmarks of cancer, including sustaining proliferative signaling, resisting cell death, and activating invasion and metastasis. Aberrant E2F8 expression is associated with poor clinical outcomes in most human cancers. However, E2F8 also exhibits tumor-suppressing activity; thus, the role of E2F8 in cell-fate determination is unclear.

Molecular and neuroimmune pharmacology of S1P receptor modulators and other disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological, immune-mediated demyelinating disease that affects people in the prime of life. Environmental, infectious, and genetic factors have been implicated in its etiology, although a definitive cause has yet to be determined. Nevertheless, multiple disease-modifying therapies (DMTs: including interferons, glatiramer acetate, fumarates, cladribine, teriflunomide, fingolimod, siponimod, ozanimod, ponesimod, and monoclonal antibodies targeting ITGA4, CD20, and CD52) have been developed and approved for the treatment of MS.

Association of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases with depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide population-based study.

Objective: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are at a high risk of developing depression and anxiety. To better stratify the risk, we aimed to assess whether the presence of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) confers a higher risk of depression and anxiety in these patients.

Methods: Patients with T2DM without prior depression or anxiety who underwent national health examination between 2009 and 2012 ( = 1,612,705) were enrolled from the nationwide health check-up data from Korean National Health Insurance Service.

Activation of skeletal muscle FAPs by LPA requires the Hippo signaling via the FAK pathway.

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a lysophospholipid that signals through six G-protein coupled receptors (LPARs), LPA to LPA. LPA has been described as a potent modulator of fibrosis in different pathologies. In skeletal muscle, LPA increases fibrosis-related proteins and the number of fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs).

Prognostic significance of extranodal extension of nodal metastasis in adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater.

Although nodal metastasis (NM) is an important prognostic factor of ampullary adenocarcinoma, the prognostic implication of extranodal extension (ENE) is not well characterized. NM with ENE status was investigated in 279 surgically resected ampullary adenocarcinoma patients and compared with other clinicopathologic factors, including overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, including E-cadherin, Twist, and Snail, was assessed in a subset of the cohort.

Visualizing reactive astrocyte-neuron interaction in Alzheimer's disease using 11C-acetate and 18F-FDG.

Reactive astrogliosis is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, a clinically validated neuroimaging probe to visualize the reactive astrogliosis is yet to be discovered. Here, we show that PET imaging with 11C-acetate and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) functionally visualizes the reactive astrocyte-mediated neuronal hypometabolism in the brains with neuroinflammation and AD.

Tau seeding and spreading in vivo is supported by both AD-derived fibrillar and oligomeric tau.

Insoluble fibrillar tau, the primary constituent of neurofibrillary tangles, has traditionally been thought to be the biologically active, toxic form of tau mediating neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. More recent studies have implicated soluble oligomeric tau species, referred to as high molecular weight (HMW) due to its properties on size exclusion chromatography, in tau propagation across neural systems. These two forms of tau have never been directly compared.

Direct F-Fluorosulfurylation of Phenols and Amines Using an [F]FSO Transfer Agent Generated .

We report the direct radiofluorosulfurylation method for the synthesis of F-labeled fluorosulfuryl derivatives from phenols and amines using an [F]FSO transfer agent generated . Nucleophilic radiofluorination is achieved even in a hydrous organic medium, obviating the need for azeotropic drying and the use of cryptands. This unprecedented, operationally simple isotopic functionalization facilitates the reliable production of potential radiotracers for positron emission tomography, rendering facile access to SuFEx radiochemistry.

Design of cell-type-specific hyperstable IL-4 mimetics via modular de novo scaffolds.

The interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytokine plays a critical role in modulating immune homeostasis. Although there is great interest in harnessing this cytokine as a therapeutic in natural or engineered formats, the clinical potential of native IL-4 is limited by its instability and pleiotropic actions. Here, we design IL-4 cytokine mimetics (denoted Neo-4) based on a de novo engineered IL-2 mimetic scaffold and demonstrate that these cytokines can recapitulate physiological functions of IL-4 in cellular and animal models.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Germline Pathogenic Variants in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: The genetic attribution for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has been reported as 5%-10%. However, the incidence of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in Korean PDAC patients has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, we studied to identify the risk factors and prevalence of PV for future treatment strategies in PDAC.

Predicting factors associated with prolonged intensive care unit stay of patients with COVID-19.

Background: Predicting the length of stay (LOS) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is essential for efficient use of ICU resources. We analyzed the clinical characteristics of patients with severe COVID-19 based on their clinical care and determined the predictive factors associated with prolonged LOS.

Methods: We included 96 COVID-19 patients who received oxygen therapy at a high-flow nasal cannula level or above after ICU admission during March 2021 to February 2022.

Non-sentinel node metastasis prediction during surgery in breast cancer patients with one to three positive sentinel node(s) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Our aim was to develop a tool to accurately predict the possibility of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis (NSLNM) during surgery so that a surgeon might decide the extent of further axillary lymph node dissection intraoperatively for patients with 1-3 positive sentinel lymph node(s) (SLN) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After retrospective analysis of Asan Medical Center (AMC) database, we included 558 patients' records who were treated between 2005 and 2019. 13 factors were assessed for their utility to predict NSLNM with chi-square and logistic regression with a bootstrapped, backward elimination method.

Safety and Efficacy of in Advanced NSCLC Patients Receiving Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Protocol for a Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial.

Cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a major treatment option for several types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The proposed study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of (BJIKT) therapy (an herbal medicine) in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs. This multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study will be performed at three academic hospitals.

The Effect of Acidic and Alkaline Seawater on the F-Actin-Dependent Ca Signals Following Insemination of Immature Starfish Oocytes and Mature Eggs.

In starfish, the addition of the hormone 1-methyladenine (1-MA) to immature oocytes (germinal vesicle, GV-stage) arrested at the prophase of the first meiotic division induces meiosis resumption (maturation), which makes the mature eggs able to respond to the sperm with a normal fertilization response. The optimal fertilizability achieved during the maturation process results from the exquisite structural reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton in the cortex and cytoplasm induced by the maturing hormone. In this report, we have investigated the influence of acidic and alkaline seawater on the structure of the cortical F-actin network of immature oocytes of the starfish () and its dynamic changes upon insemination.

Nomogram for pre-procedural prediction of non-curative endoscopic resection in patients with early gastric cancer.

Background: Non-curative resection (non-CR) after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) requires additional surgery due to the possibility of lymph node metastasis (LNM). Therefore, it is important to accurately predict the risk of non-CR to avoid unnecessary preoperative procedures. Thus, we aimed to develop and verify a nomogram to predict the risk of non-CR prior to ESD.

Uterine artery embolisation: fertility, adenomyosis and size - what is the evidence?

Background: Uterine artery embolisation is well established as a treatment for symptomatic fibroids, however, there remain some uncertainties. We have carried out a focused literature review on three particularly challenging aspects - post-procedure fertility, symptomatic adenomyosis and large volume fibroids and uteri, to enable operators to utilise evidence-based guidance in patient selection, consent, and management.

Review: Literature searches were performed of the PubMed/Medline, Google scholar, EMBASE and Cochrane databases.

Effect of insect protein and protease on growth performance, blood profiles, fecal microflora and gas emission in growing pig.

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of larvae (HIL) as protein and protease on growth performance, blood profiles, fecal microflora, and gas emission in growing pig. In experiment 1, the seventy-two crossbred growing pigs ([Landrace × Yorkshire] × Duroc) with an initial body weight (BW) of 27.98 ± 2.

Nanoparticle Assembly and Oriented Attachment: Correlating Controlling Factors to the Resulting Structures.

Nanoparticle assembly and attachment are common pathways of crystal growth by which particles organize into larger scale materials with hierarchical structure and long-range order. In particular, oriented attachment (OA), which is a special type of particle assembly, has attracted great attention in recent years because of the wide range of material structures that result from this process, such as one-dimensional (1D) nanowires, two-dimensional (2D) sheets, three-dimensional (3D) branched structures, twinned crystals, defects, etc. Utilizing in situ transmission electron microscopy techniques, researchers observed orientation-specific forces that act over short distances (∼1 nm) from the particle surfaces and drive the OA process.

Understanding the Current Landscape of Kidney Disease in Canada to Advance Precision Medicine Guided Personalized Care.

Purpose Of Review: To understand the impact of kidney disease in Canada and the priority areas of kidney research that can benefit from patient-oriented, precision medicine research using novel technologies.

Sources Of Information: Information was collected through discussions between health care professionals, researchers, and patient partners. Literature was compiled using search engines (PubMed, PubMed central, Medline, and Google) and data from the Canadian Organ Replacement Register.

The Sesquiterpene Lactone-Rich Fraction of L. Enhances the Antitumor Effect of Anti-PD-1 Antibody in Colorectal Cancer: Integrative Phytochemical, Transcriptomic, and Experimental Analyses.

Treatment strategies combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with sesquiterpene lactones have attracted much attention as a promising approach for cancer treatment. We systemically analyzed gene expression profiles of cells in response to two major sesquiterpene lactones, alantolactone and isoalantolactone, and determined whether the sesquiterpene lactone-rich fraction of L. (SFIH) enhances the antitumor effect of anti-PD-1 antibody in MC38 colorectal cancer-bearing mice.

Hypoviral-regulated HSP90 co-chaperone p23 (CpCop23) determines the colony morphology, virulence, and viral response of chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria parasitica.

We previously identified a protein spot that showed down-regulation in the presence of Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) and tannic acid supplementation as a Hsp90 co-chaperone p23 gene (CpCop23). The CpCop23-null mutant strain showed retarded growth with less aerial mycelia and intense pigmentation. Conidia of the CpCop23-null mutant were significantly decreased and their viability was dramatically diminished.