Genetically proxied therapeutic inhibition of antihypertensive drug targets and risk of pancreatic cancer: a mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Conventional epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent results regarding the potential adverse effects of long-term use of antihypertensive drugs on cancer risk. Nevertheless, evidence of their impact on pancreatic cancer risk is limited and deserves further elucidation.

Methods: We selected genetic variants from the genes encoding the target proteins (angiotensin-converting enzyme, beta-1 adrenergic receptor, and solute carrier family 12 member 3) of the examined antihypertensive drugs as instruments based on expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies.

Neutrophil Depletion Reduced the Relative Abundance of Unsaturated Long-Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis Microbiota and Intestinal Lipid Absorption.

As immune cells, neutrophils serve as the first line of defense against infections; however, the mechanism by which neutrophils regulate lipid metabolism is unknown. The neutrophil depletion group was treated with 100 μg InVivoMAb anti-mouse Ly6G 6 times, whereas the control group mice were intraperitoneally injected with the same quantity of InVivoMAb rat IgG2a. Body fat content, triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the jejunum and ileum, as well as 9 long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in the intestinal contents were significantly decreased.

FTO Facilitates Cervical Cancer Malignancy Through Inducing m6A-Demethylation of PIK3R3 mRNA.

Background: The incidence rate and mortality of cervical cancer rank the fourth in the global female cancer. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) always plays an important role in tumor progression, and fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) works as the m6A demethylase.

Aims: Our study aimed to narrate the biological function and potential mechanisms for FTO in cervical cancer malignancy.

Incidence and risk factors of severe acute high-altitude illness in healthy adults first entering the northern Tibetan Plateau of over 5,000 m.

Background: Our study was designed to determine the incidence and risk factors of severe acute high-altitude illness (AHAI) in healthy adults first entering the northern Tibetan Plateau of over 5,000 m.

Methods: In our prospective observational study, we enrolled 500 people who were scheduled for fast ascension to the northern Tibetan Plateau. The primary outcome variable was severe AHAI, defined as the presence of serious symptoms that could not be ameliorated by general treatment and required evacuation to lower altitudes.

Starvation-induced phosphorylation activates gasdermin A to initiate pyroptosis.

Pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death, is crucial for host defense against pathogens and danger signals. Proteolytic cleavage of gasdermin proteins B-E (GSDMB-GSDME) is well established as a trigger for pyroptosis, but the intracellular activation mechanism of GSDMA remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that severe starvation induces pyroptosis through phosphorylation-induced activation of GSDMA.

Effect of endoscopic therapy and drug therapy on prognosis and rebleeding in patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding.

Esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EVB) is one of the common digestive system emergencies with poor prognosis and high rate of rebleeding after treatment. To explore the effects of endoscopic therapy and drug therapy on the prognosis and rebleeding of patients with EVB, and then select better treatment methods to effectively improve the prognosis. From January 2013 to December 2022, 965 patients with EVB who were hospitalized in gastroenterology Department of the 940 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Forces of PLA were retrospectively analyzed.

Cannabinoids improve mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle of exhaustive exercise training rats by inhibiting mitophagy through the PINK1/PARKIN and BNIP3 pathways.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a pure natural phytocannabinoid derived from cannabis that has anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic and antioxidative stress abilities. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have reported the regulatory effect of CBD on skeletal muscle injury induced by exercise, but its mechanism is still unclear. Mitochondria are the main organelles responsible for the energy supply within eukaryotic cells, and their function has been closely linked to cellular health.

Establishment of a high-fidelity patient-derived xenograft model for cervical cancer enables the evaluation of patient's response to conventional and novel therapies.

Background: Recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer (r/m CC) often has poor prognosis owing to its limited treatment options. The development of novel therapeutic strategies has been hindered by the lack of preclinical models that accurately reflect the biological and genomic heterogeneity of cervical cancer (CC). Herein, we aimed to establish a large patient-derived xenograft (PDX) biobank for CC, evaluate the consistency of the biologic indicators between PDX and primary tumor tissues of patients, and explore its utility for assessing patient's response to conventional and novel therapies.

Risk factors of infection among close contacts of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first detected in December 2019, and declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. The current management of COVID-19 is based generally on supportive therapy and treatment to prevent respiratory failure.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and other databases were searched by computer, and relevant literature published from December 2019 to November 2022 on the influencing factors of infection in close contacts with novel coronavirus pneumonia was collected.

PIBF1 regulates multiple gene expression via impeding long-range chromatin interaction to drive the malignant transformation of HPV16 integration epithelial cells.

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) integration can induce gene expression dysregulation by destroying higher-order chromatin structure in cervical cancer.

Objectives: We established a 13q22 site-specific HPV16 gene knock-in cell model to interrogate the changes in chromatin structure at the initial stages of host cell malignant transformation.

Methods: We designed a CRISPR-Cas9 system with sgRNA targeting 13q22 site and constructed the HPV16 gene donor.

Imatinib blocks tyrosine phosphorylation of Smad4 and restores TGF-β growth-suppressive signaling in BCR-ABL1-positive leukemia.

Loss of TGF-β-mediated growth suppression is a major contributor to the development of cancers, best exemplified by loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding components of the TGF-β signaling pathway in colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Alternatively, gain-of-function oncogene mutations can also disrupt antiproliferative TGF-β signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying oncogene-induced modulation of TGF-β signaling have not been extensively investigated.

Assessment of Psychological and Social Fitness in Healthy Adults Permanently Living at Very High Altitude.

Background: Environmental factors of high altitude, especially hypobaric hypoxia, may directly and persistently affect human physical and mental health. Our study was designed to assess the psychological and social fitness in healthy adults permanently living at very high altitude, i.e.

Short-term prognostic role of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with gastric cancer.

Background: Immune function is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer. This study aimed to explore the prognostic role of peripheral lymphocyte subsets in patients with gastric cancer after curative surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single tertiary referral hospital.

Effect and Safety of Eradication Treatment Based on Molecular Pathologic Antibiotic Resistance in Chinese Elderly People.

Background: The elderly people generally have poor tolerance to drugs and an increased risk of adverse effects. Our study was designed to determine the effect and safety of () eradication treatment based on molecular pathologic antibiotic resistance in Chinese elderly people over the age of 60 years.

Methods: A total of 364 people were retrospectively analyzed, including 113 older people over 60 and 251 young and middle-aged people in the age of 20-59 years.

Preoperative Low Prealbumin Is Associated With Recurrence in Patients With Stage II/III Gastric Cancer After Laparoscopic D2 Gastrectomy.

Background: Postoperative recurrence is associated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. This study aimed to explore predictive factors contributing to recurrence in patients with stage II/III gastric cancer after laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at a single tertiary referral hospital.

Preoperative Folate Receptor-Positive Circulating Tumor Cells Are Associated With Occult Peritoneal Metastasis and Early Recurrence in Gastric Cancer Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: The aim of this study is to explore the clinical feasibility of detecting folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cells (FR+ CTCs) for predicting peritoneal metastasis and short-term outcome in gastric cancer patients.

Methods: This is a prospective, single-center, observational study. We applied ligand-targeted enzyme-linked polymerization method to detect preoperative FR+ CTC levels in peripheral blood.

Inflection-Point Nutrition Support Determined by Oral Mucosal Apoptosis Rate Is a Novel Assessment Strategy for Personalized Nutrition: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Energy intake and nutritional status influences a patient's recovery from major abdominal surgery. The aim of this study is to explore and validate the clinical feasibility of an inflection-point nutrition strategy for personalized nutrition in gastric cancer patients after surgery.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study from a single tertiary referral hospital.

Machine Learning Prediction Models for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-analysis.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common endocrine metabolic disease, involving a carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity during pregnancy. The incidence of GDM-related complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes has declined, in part, due to early screening. Machine learning (ML) models are increasingly used to identify risk factors and enable the early prediction of GDM.

Insufficient Post-operative Energy Intake Is Associated With Failure of Enhanced Recovery Programs After Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Although enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been proven to be beneficial after laparoscopic colorectal surgery, some of the patients may fail to complete the ERAS program during hospitalization. This prospective study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with ERAS failure after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. This is a prospective study from a single tertiary referral hospital.

Breakfast Consumption and Academic Achievement Among Chinese Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model.

The studies have shown that a healthy lifestyle has a significant impact on the academic achievement of adolescents. Behavior of breakfast eating is considered a hallmark of dietary patterns and an important component of a healthy lifestyle. The prior study explained that students had a lower level of achievement motivation at school because they were exposed to some militating factors in their families such as absenteeism, ill health, malnutrition, and hunger.

Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets Absolute Counts as Feasible Clinical Markers for Predicting Surgical Outcome in Gastric Cancer Patients After Laparoscopic D2 Gastrectomy: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Immune function influenced patients' recovery from major abdominal surgery. The aim of this study is to explore the clinical feasibility of peripheral lymphocyte absolute counts for predicting short-term surgical outcomes in gastric cancer patients after laparoscopic D2 gastrectomy.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study from a single tertiary referral hospital.

Metabolic Molecule PLA2G2D Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker Correlating With Immune Cell Infiltration and the Expression of Immune Checkpoint Genes in Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the major pathological type of cervical cancer (CC), the second most prevalent reproductive system malignant tumor threatening the health of women worldwide. The prognosis of CSCC patients is largely affected by the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME); however, the biomarker landscape related to the immune microenvironment of CSCC and patient prognosis is less characterized. Here, we analyzed RNA-seq data of CSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database by dividing it into high- and low-immune infiltration groups with the MCP-counter and ESTIMATE R packages.

Detection of HPV and Human Chromosome Sites by Dual-Color Fluorescence Hybridization Reveals Recurrent HPV Integration Sites and Heterogeneity in Cervical Cancer.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) integration in the human genome is suggested to be an important cause of cervical cancer. With the development of sequencing technologies, an increasing number of integration "hotspots" have been identified. However, this HPV integration information was derived from analysis of whole cervical cancer tissue, and we know very little about the integration in different cancer cell subgroups or individual cancer cells.