Lutetium-177 PSMA radioligand therapy in taxan-naive first- and second-line metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer after first-line ARPI therapy.

Purpose: Lutetium-177 Prostate-specific membrane antigen (Lu-PSMA) radioligand therapy is EMA-approved for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) after androgen receptor pathway inhibition (ARPI) and taxan-based chemotherapy. However, its effect in taxan-naïve patients is under current investigation.

Methods: We relied on the FRAMCAP database to elaborate Lu-PSMA therapy outcomes of progression-free (PFS) and overall (OS) in taxan-naïve mCRPC patients after previous ARPI treatment.

Non-Caucasian Race/Ethnicity Predisposes to Unfavorable Stage and Grade at Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma Diagnosis.

Objective: To test whether race/ethnicity affects stage or grade distribution at upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) diagnosis.

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database 2004-2020, UTUC patients were identified. Multivariable logistic regression models tested for the association between race/ethnicity and stage as well as grade at diagnosis according to renal pelvis vs.

Critical Care Therapy After Cytoreductive Nephrectomy for Metastatic Kidney Cancer.

Objectives: To examine critical care therapy rates after cytoreductive nephrectomy in metastatic kidney cancer patients.

Design, Setting, And Patients: Relying on the National Inpatient Sample (2000-2019), we addressed critical care therapy use (total parenteral nutrition, invasive mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube insertion, and tracheostomy) and in-hospital mortality in surgically treated metastatic kidney cancer patients. Estimated annual percentage changes and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted.

Use of inpatient palliative care in metastatic testicular cancer patients undergoing critical care therapy: insights from the national inpatient sample.

To test for rates of inpatient palliative care (IPC) in metastatic testicular cancer patients receiving critical care therapy (CCT). Within the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2008-2019), we tabulated IPC rates in metastatic testicular cancer patients receiving CCT, namely invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube (PEG), dialysis for acute kidney failure (AKF), total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or tracheostomy. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models addressing IPC were fitted.

Life expectancy in rare histological prostate cancer subtypes.

Survival differences in rare histological prostate cancer (PCa) subtypes relative to age-matched population-based controls are unknown. Within Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2020), newly diagnosed (2004-2015) PCa patients were identified. Relying on the Social Security Administration Life Tables (2004-2020) with 5 years of follow-up, age-matched population-based controls (Monte Carlo simulation) were simulated for each patient.

Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors vs. docetaxel chemotherapy for metastatic hormone-sensitive and first-line castration resistant prostate cancer.

Purpose: No currently available phase III trial compared docetaxel vs. androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) regarding cancer-control outcomes in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Moreover, few is known about the effect of sequential therapies in mHSPC and subsequent metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Administration and cancer-control outcomes of bone-modifying agents in real-world patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Hormonal agents administered for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) may lead to osteoporosis, skeletal events, reduced quality of life, and even reduced overall survival (OS). Bone-modifying agents may prevent those events but their effect on cancer-control outcomes remains uncertain. Relying on our institutional tertiary-care database, we explored the effect of bone-modifying agents (bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid and denosumab) on OS and progression-free survival in patients with mCRPC with at least 1 bone metastasis using Kaplan-Meyer estimates and Cox regression models.

Survival after trimodal therapy in octogenarians with organ-confined urothelial bladder cancer.

Objectives: It is not known whether cancer-specific mortality (CSM) differences distinguish radical cystectomy (RC) from trimodal therapy (TMT) in octogenarians harbouring organ-confined (T2N0M0) urothelial cancer of the urinary bladder (UCUB).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2021), CSM and other-cause mortality (OCM) rates were computed in octogenarian patients with organ-confined UCUB undergoing either TMT or RC. Smoothed cumulative incidence plots depicted 5-year CSM and OCM rates according to RC vs TMT.

Neutralizing GDF-15 can overcome anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 resistance in solid tumours.

Cancer immunotherapies with antibodies blocking immune checkpoint molecules are clinically active across multiple cancer entities and have markedly improved cancer treatment. Yet, response rates are still limited, and tumour progression commonly occurs. Soluble and cell-bound factors in the tumour microenvironment negatively affect cancer immunity.

Trends and Disparities in Inpatient Palliative Care Use in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Critical Care Therapy.

Purpose: Temporal trends in and predictors of inpatient palliative care use in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) undergoing critical care therapy are unknown.

Methods: Relying on the National Inpatient Sample (2008-2019), we identified mRCC patients undergoing critical care therapy, namely invasive mechanical ventilation, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube insertion, dialysis for acute kidney failure, total parenteral nutrition, or tracheostomy. Estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) analyses and multivariable logistic regression models addressed inpatient palliative care use.

Urinary Diversion Versus Adverse In-Hospital Outcomes After Radical Cystectomy.

Objective: This study aimed to compare adverse in-hospital outcomes in ileal conduit versus neobladder urinary diversion type after radical cystectomy (RC) in contemporary versus historical patients.

Methods: Patients were identified within the National Inpatient Sample (NIS 2000-2019). Propensity score matching (PSM; 1:2 ratio) and multivariable logistic regression models (LRMs) were used.

Triplet or Doublet Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer Patients: An Updated Network Meta-analysis Including ARANOTE Data.

The treatment landscape for metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) has been extended by another phase 3 randomized control trial (ARANOTE) demonstrating favorable outcomes of a doublet therapy combining the androgen receptor pathway inhibitor (ARPI) darolutamide with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) over ADT monotherapy. Owing to differences in trial designs, patient enrollment, and most notably different control treatment regimens, we hereby present an updated network meta-analysis (NMA) embedding the doublet therapy with darolutamide within the current treatment regimens. In NMA-derived ranking, darolutamide and ADT showed similar oncological efficacy to the already known doublet therapies for progression-free survival (p = 0.

Cancer-Control Outcomes of Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With Gene or Tumor Suppressor Mutations Undergoing 177-Lutetium Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Radioligand Therapy.

Purpose: Several tumor gene mutations are known for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The individual response to 177-lutetium prostate specific membrane antigen radioligand therapy (Lu-PSMA) is under current investigation regarding the genomic profile of patients with mCRPC.

Materials And Methods: We relied on the FRAMCAP database and compared progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of patients with mCRPC with breast cancer-related antigen () or tumor suppressor gene mutations (, , ).

Perioperative Complications and In-Hospital Mortality in Radical Nephroureterectomy Patients with Heart Valve Replacement.

Background: Perioperative complication rates and in-hospital mortality after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) in patients with a history of heart valve replacement are unknown.

Methods: Within the National Inpatient Sample (2000-2019), we identified non-metastatic upper urinary tract carcinoma patients treated with RNU according to the presence or absence of a history of heart valve replacement. Propensity score matching (1:10 ratio) and multivariable logistic regression as well as Poisson regression models were used.

Real-World Comparison of Cabazitaxel Versus Lu-PSMA Radiopharmaceutical Therapy in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Lu-vipivotide tetraxetan prostate-specific membrane antigen (Lu-PSMA) therapy is under current scientific investigation and aims to become established in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, real-world evidence in treatment comparison is scant. We relied on the FRAMCAP database and compared cabazitaxel versus Lu-PSMA therapy in mCRPC patients regarding progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

Primary tumor ablation in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Background: The role of primary tumor ablation (pTA) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is unknown. We compared pTA-treated mRCC patients to patients who underwent no local treatment (NLT), as well as patients who underwent cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER, 2004-2020), we identified mRCC patients who underwent either pTA, NLT or CN.

Growth of Renal Cancer Cell Lines Is Strongly Inhibited by Synergistic Activity of Low-Dosed Amygdalin and Sulforaphane.

: Plant derived isolated compounds or extracts enjoy great popularity among cancer patients, although knowledge about their mode of action is unclear. The present study investigated whether the combination of two herbal drugs, the cyanogenic diglucoside amygdalin and the isothiocyanate sulforaphane (SFN), influences growth and proliferation of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines. : A498, Caki-1, and KTCTL-26 cells were exposed to low-dosed amygdalin (1 or 5 mg/mL), or SFN (5 µM) or to combined SFN-amygdalin.

Validation of lymphovascular invasion as a predictor of lymph-node invasion in squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.

Background: The aim of this study was to validate lymphovascular invasion (LVI) as a predictor of lymph-node invasion (LNI) in squamous cell carcinoma of the penis (SCCP).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2010-2020), we identified SCCP patients who underwent lymphadenectomy with known LVI status. Univariable logistic regression models (LRMs) addressed LNI.

Mortality rates in radical cystectomy patients with bladder cancer after radiation therapy for prostate cancer.

Objective: To conduct a population-based study examining cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM) differences in patients with radiation-induced secondary bladder cancer (RT-BCa) vs those with primary bladder cancer (pBCa) undergoing radical cystectomy (RC).

Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (2004-2020), we identified patients with TNM bladder cancer treated with RC, who had previously been treated with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) or brachytherapy for prostate cancer, as well as patients with TNM pBCa treated with RC. Cumulative incidence plots and multivariable competing risks regression (CRR) models were used to assess CSM after additional adjustment for OCM.