Comparative prevalence of oral bacteria and protozoa in patients with periodontitis in Taiwan.

Objectives: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by bacteria present in the dental biofilm. However, the presence of two oral protozoans, Entamoeba gingivalis and Trichomonas tenax, in patients with the periodontal disease remains largely unknown in Taiwan. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence of oral microbial infections between the sites with mild gingivitis and chronic periodontitis in patients.

Pharyngeal Airway and Craniocervical Angle among Different Skeletal Patterns.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharyngeal airway dimensions and their correlations among the craniocervical angle and skeletal patterns.

Materials And Methods: Cephalometric radiographs were obtained from 300 patients (≥15 years of age), of whom 150 were male patients and 150 were female patients. The patients were divided into three groups according to their skeletal patterns.

The correlation among gripping volume, insertion torque, and pullout strength of micro-implant.

Background/purpose: The fixation stability is the key factor for orthodontic micro-implant to succeed. This study evaluated the mechanical properties of three types of micro-implants by analyzing their structural configurations.

Materials And Methods: Thirty micro-implants of three types (diameter 1.

The first study to detect co-infection of Entamoeba gingivalis and periodontitis-associated bacteria in dental patients in Taiwan.

Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity, was caused by microbes from bacteria to protozoa. In this study, we detected protozoa, Entamoeba gingivalis and other three common pathogenic bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia by the Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on patients.

Clinical significance of buccal branches of the facial nerve and their relationship with the emergence of Stensen's duct: An anatomical study on adult Taiwanese cadavers.

Objective: This observational study on adult Taiwanese cadavers focused mainly on the intersection of buccal branches of the facial nerve with Stensen's duct, using the emergence of Stensen's duct as the reference landmark.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five cadaveric hemifaces were included in our research. Samples with facial defects due to tumor, trauma, or surgery were all excluded.

Effectiveness of an oral function intervention for older Taiwanese people.

Objective: Oral function disorders occur often in older people with increasing age. Oral function disorders affect bodily function and self-esteem, which are related to quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an oral function intervention programme on the oral function of older Taiwanese people.

Gripping and Anchoring Effects on the Mechanical Strengths of Orthodontic Microimplants.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical strengths in 5 different designs of orthodontic microimplants by analyzing their configuration of structure.

Materials And Methods: Thirty microimplants of 5 types (diameter 1.5 mm: type A, B, and C; diameter 1.

The Effect of Pterygomasseteric Sling's Area in the Postoperative Stability after Mandibular Setback Surgery.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the postoperative stability and area of pterygomasseteric sling (PMS).

Materials And Methods: Forty patients of mandibular prognathism were treated by isolated mandibular setback. Serial lateral cephalograms were collected (preoperatively [T1], immediately after surgery [T2], and more than 1 year postoperatively [T3]).

Effects of gripping volume in the mechanical strengths of orthodontic mini-implant.

The objective of study was to investigate the correlation between the mechanical strengths [insertion torque (IT); resonance frequency (RF); and horizontal pullout strength (HPS)] and gripping volume (GV) of mini-implants. Thirty mini-implants of three types (Type A: 2 mm × 10 mm, cylindrical, titanium alloy; Type B: 2 mm × 10 mm, tapered, stainless steel; and Type C: 2 mm × 11 mm, cylindrical, titanium alloy) were inserted 7 mm into artificial bones. One-way analysis of variance and Spearman's test were applied to assess intergroup comparisons and intragroup correlations.

Effect of Anchor Length on the Pullout Strength of Palatal Mini Implants.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pullout strength of 3 different orthodontic mini implants.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-seven mini implants (diameter: 2 mm, length: 7 mm) were implanted into artificial bone (Sawbones; Pacific Research Laboratories Inc.) at depths of 3, 4, and 5 mm.

Evaluation of mechanical strengths of three types of mini-implants in artificial bones.

We investigates the effect of the anchor area on the mechanical strengths of infrazygomatic mini-implants. Thirty mini-implants were divided into three types based on the material and shape: Type A (titanium alloy, 2.0×12 mm), Type B (stainless steel, 2.

Effect of different acidities of electrolyzed water on dentin surface roughness, decalcification and microhardness -a preliminary study.

This study investigated the exposed coronal superficial dentin of 28 human molars were immersed in strongly acidic electrolyzed water (AW group), neutral electrolyzed water (NW group), 5% sodium hypochlorite (negative control, NL group), or deionized water (positive control, DW group). Microhardness was determined at 5-min intervals for 60 min. Surface roughness, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analyses were performed after 5 and 60 min.

Comparison of intraoperative blood loss between four different surgical procedures in the treatment of bimaxillary protrusion.

Objective: This study was aimed at investigating the correlation between intraoperative blood loss and operation-related factors in the treatment of bimaxillary protrusion with four different procedures.

Study Design: Ninety-four patients were separated into the following four surgical groups: group 1: anterior subapical osteotomy of the maxilla (ASO Mx) + bilateral parasymphyseal osteotomy of the mandible (BPsO Md) + genioplasty (GeP); group 2: ASO Mx + BPsO Md; group 3: ASO Mx + ASO Md + GeP; and group 4: ASO Mx + ASO Md. Patient- and operation-related factors (age, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and preoperative and postoperative blood parameters) were compared among the four groups.

Insertion torque, resonance frequency, and removal torque analysis of microimplants.

This study aimed to compare the insertion torque (IT), resonance frequency (RF), and removal torque (RT) among three microimplant brands. Thirty microimplants of the three brands were used as follows: Type A (titanium alloy, 1.5-mm × 8-mm), Type B (stainless steel, 1.

Morphological alterations of periodontal pocket epithelium following Nd:YAG laser irradiation.

Objective: The purpose of this in vivo study was to examine morphologic alterations in the periodontal pocket epithelium with presence or absence of clinical inflammation following the use of the Neodymium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser irradiation.

Background Data: Subgingival Nd:YAG laser irradiation has been proposed as an alternative technique for treatment of chronic periodontitis. Several published studies have reported the clinical outcomes of such treatment.

Relationship between betel quid chewing and radiographic alveolar bone loss among Taiwanese aboriginals: a retrospective study.

Background: Betel quid chewing is associated with the periodontal status; however, results of epidemiological studies are inconsistent. To the best of our knowledge, no study has reported radiographic alveolar bone loss (RABL) associated with betel quid chewing.

Methods: This survey was conducted in an aboriginal community in Taiwan because almost all betel quid chewers were city-dwelling cigarette smokers.

Immigrant-native differences in caries-related knowledge, attitude, and oral health behaviors: a cross-sectional study in Taiwan.

Background: With the growing number of transnational marriages in Taiwan, oral health disparities have become a public health issue. This study assessed immigrant-native differences in oral health behaviors of urban mothers and their children.

Methods: We used the baseline data of an oral health promotion program to examine the immigrant-native differences in caries-related knowledge, attitude, and oral health behaviors.

Nd:YAG laser irradiation of the tooth root surface inhibits demineralization and root surface softening caused by minocycline application.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of laser irradiation on root surface demineralization caused by local drug delivery systems (DDS), and to evaluate the effect of sealing on drug retention.

Background Data: The duration of supportive periodontal treatment (SPT) has increased with increasing life expectancy. Repeated root planing and DDS application during SPT should be reconsidered with regard to their effects on the root surface.

Cytochrome p450 metabolism of betel quid-derived compounds: implications for the development of prevention strategies for oral and pharyngeal cancers.

Betel quid (BQ) products, with or without tobacco, have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as group I human carcinogens that are associated with an elevated risk of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx. There are estimated 600 million BQ users worldwide. In Taiwan alone there are 2 million habitual users (approximately 10% of the population).

Low-power laser irradiation promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells via cyclic adenosine monophosphate.

Retaining or improving periodontal ligament (PDL) function is crucial for restoring periodontal defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological effects of low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human PDL (hPDL) cells. Cultured hPDL cells were irradiated (660 nm) daily with doses of 0, 1, 2 or 4 J⋅cm(-2).

Effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation on the root surface: morphologic analysis and efficiency of calculus removal.

Background: This in vitro study was performed to determine the appropriate power output setting for an erbium, chromium-doped:yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser used in periodontal pocket irradiation by examining the morphologic alterations of the root surfaces and the efficiency of calculus removal.

Methods: Sixty-five non-carious extracted human teeth were used in this study. For morphologic analysis of the root surface, the clean, single roots of 22 teeth were separated into 91 pieces, and these pieces were immersed in acrylic resin.