Pulsed Oral Azithromycin vs 6-Week Oral Doxycycline for Moderate to Severe Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The treatment of moderate to severe meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) with oral doxycycline requires a 6-week course of treatment and has frequent adverse effects (AEs), which may be associated with poor compliance.

Objective: To determine if the AEs of a 3-week course of oral azithromycin were equivalent to the AEs of a 6-week course of oral doxycycline.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This double-masked randomized clinical trial was conducted at a referral center in Thailand from September 2018 to May 2022.

Prevalence of symptomatic dry eye disease with associated risk factors among medical students at Chiang Mai University due to increased screen time and stress during COVID-19 pandemic.

Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common ophthalmological disorders, resulting from several systemic and ocular etiologies including meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students are among the high-risk group for DED, mainly due to the increasing use of a visual display terminal (VDT) for online lectures and psychological stress from encountering several changes. Our study aimed to explore the prevalence of DED using the symptom-based definition and potential risk factors in medical students.

Twelve-Month Outcomes of the Wavefront-Optimized Photorefractive Keratectomy for High Myopic Correction Compared with Low-to-Moderate Myopia.

Purpose: To evaluate the 12-months outcomes of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in patients with high myopia (≥ 6.0 diopters, D) compared with low-to-moderate myopia (< 6.0 D).

Two-Step Transepithelial Photorefractive Keratectomy with WaveLight EX500 Platform for Adolescents and Adults with Low to Moderate Myopia: A 12-Month Comparative Evaluation.

Purpose: To compare the visual and refractive results obtained after two-step TransPRK using an EX500 excimer laser for low to moderate myopic correction in adolescents and adults.

Patients And Methods: Retrospectively, 91 eyes of 52 patients were categorized into four groups based on age and level of myopia. The demographics, data of efficacy, safety, predictability, stability, and post-operative complications were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively.

The Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors for Treatment Outcomes of Dematiaceous Fungal Keratitis over 9 Years at a Tertiary Eye Care in Northern Thailand.

Dematiaceous fungal keratitis is an important etiology of visual loss, particularly in an agricultural society. From a retrospective review of medical records from 2012 to 2020, 50 keratitis cases of cultured-positive for dematiaceous fungi were presented at a tertiary care hospital in Northern Thailand. The study aimed to identify the isolated causative dematiaceous species using the PCR technique and to explore their related clinical features, including treatment prognoses.

Fungal Keratitis in Northern Thailand: Spectrum of Agents, Risk Factors and Putative Virulence Factors.

Fungal keratitis (FK) is a serious ocular infection that can result in various degrees of vision loss, including blindness. The aim of the study was to identify and retrospectively review all FK cases diagnosed between August 2012 and December 2020 at a tertiary care hospital in northern Thailand with a specific focus on epidemiologic features, including season, patient sex and age, the spectrum of pathogens, and presence of certain putative virulence factors. Of 1237 patients with corneal ulcers, 294 (23.

Fungal keratitis at a tertiary eye care in Northern Thailand: Etiology and prognostic factors for treatment outcomes.

Purpose: To evaluate etiology and prognostic factors for treatment outcomes of fungal keratitis (FK).

Methods: Culture-positive FK patients between 2012 and 2017 were reviewed. Treatment outcomes were categorized into success (resolved within two weeks), slow response and medication failure (no improvement or required surgery).

Incidence and predisposing factors of anterior chamber gas bubbles during femtosecond laser flap creation.

Aim: To investigate the incidence and the predisposing factors of anterior chamber (AC) gas bubbles during femtosecond laser (FS) flap creation for laser keratomileusis (LASIK).

Methods: All patients who underwent FS-LASIK surgery at CMU LASIK Center between January 2013 and May 2016 were retrospective reviewed. Preoperative and intraoperative data including keratometry, white-to-white (WTW) corneal diameter, flap parameters (diameter, thickness, hinge position, and tunnel length) and pulse energy were reviewed and compared between incident group and control group.

Outcomes of LASIK for Myopia or Myopic Astigmatism Correction with the FS200 Femtosecond Laser and EX500 Excimer Laser Platform.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, predictability, stability and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) using the FS200 femtosecond laser and EX500 excimer laser platform.

Methods: The outcomes of 254 eyes of 129 consecutive patients with myopia or myopic astigmatism who underwent full correction femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK at CMU LASIK Center were assessed. Pre-operative and post-operative parameters including manifest refraction, Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity (UDVA), Best Corrected Distance Visual Acuity (BDVA), corneal topography and tomography were analyzed.

Anterior segment and external ocular disorders associated with HIV infections in the era of HAART in Chiang Mai University Hospital, a prospective descriptive cross sectional study.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes impairment to the human immune system which leads to immunocompromised conditions, including ocular complications. Several important HIV-associated disorders may involve the anterior segment, ocular surface, and adnexae organ such as dry eye, blepharitis which reduce quality of life of patients. In present, potent antiretroviral therapies HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy) has improved the length and quality of life which may lead to an increased prevalence of anterior segment ocular disorders.

Corneal perforation after noncontact tonometry in patients with active recurrent herpes simplex keratitis: case report.

Purpose: To report iatrogenic complications and to review the potential complications caused by noncontact tonometry (NCT) in related literature.

Methods: This case report describes two cases of active recurrent herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) on top of a thin corneal scar. The cornea was perforated by the air pulse from the NCT, resulting in an air bubble in the anterior chamber.

Identification of novel PIKFYVE gene mutations associated with Fleck corneal dystrophy.

Purpose: To report the identification of a novel frameshift mutation and copy number variation (CNV) in PIKFYVE in two probands with fleck corneal dystrophy (FCD).

Methods: Slit-lamp examination was performed to identify characteristic features of FCD. After genomic DNA was collected, PCR amplification and automated sequencing of all 41 exons of PIKFYVE was performed.

Concomitant herpes simplex virus and cytomegalovirus endotheliitis in immunocompetent patient.

A case of an immunocompetent 51-year-old healthy man with chronic recurrent disciform corneal oedema and hypertensive anterior uveitis in the right eye for 2 years was unresponsive to topical corticosteroid and systemic acyclovir. Diagnostic anterior chamber tapping was performed and viral DNA PCR was positive for both cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus. The patient was treated with both oral valganciclovir for 3 months and long-term oral acyclovir.

Causes of visual acuity loss among HIV-infected patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy in Chiang Mai University Hospital.

Objective: To quantify the frequencies of the common causes of visual acuity loss for HIV-infected patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART).

Material And Method: The present prospective observational study comprised 113 patients (184 eyes) with newly diagnosed CMVR, from May 2008-March 2010. Each patient was followed-up every 3 months with medical history and ophthalmologic examination.