Sural nerve grafts in subacute facial nerve injuries: a report of two cases.

Because facial nerve injuries affect the quality of life, leaving them untreated can have devastating effects. The number of patients with traumatic and iatrogenic facial nerve paralysis is considerably high. Early detection and prompt treatment during the acute injury phase are crucial, and immediate surgical treatment should be considered when complete facial nerve injury is suspected.

Identification and characterization of recent retrovirus in bats.

An investigation into retrovirus was conducted in six species of bats (, , , , , and ) inhabiting South Korea. Exogenous retroviruses (XRVs) were detected in the tissue samples of individuals by PCR assay. Proviruses were identified in all tissue samples through viral quantification using a digital PCR assay per organ (lung, intestine, heart, brain, wing, kidney, and liver), with viral loads varying greatly between each organ.

Pott's puffy tumor of the upper eyelid misdiagnosed as simple abscess: a case report and literature review.

A 76-year-old woman, initially thought to have a simple abscess on her right upper eyelid, presented to our department of plastic and reconstructive surgery. Enhanced three-dimensional facial computed tomography (CT) revealed an abscess on the right upper lid, with a pyomucocele present in the right frontal sinus, accompanied by bone erosion in the superior wall of the right orbit. Based on the results of the CT scan, we diagnosed an atypical Pott's puffy tumor (PPT) with an abscess on the upper lid originating from the frontal sinusitis.

Intraosseous vascular malformation of the skull: a case report and literature review.

A 59-year-old woman presented to our clinic with a 3.5× 3-cm protruding mass on her forehead. A skull X-ray revealed a radiolucent osteolytic lesion on the left side of the frontal bone.

Self-directed learning quotient and common learning types of pre-medical students in Korea by the Multi-Dimensional Learning Strategy Test 2nd edition: a descriptive study.

This study aimed to find the self-directed learning quotient and common learning types of pre-medical students through the confirmation of 4 characteristics of learning strategies, including personality, motivation, emotion, and behavior. The response data were collected from 277 out of 294 target first-year pre-medical students from 2019 to 2021, using the Multi-Dimensional Learning Strategy Test 2nd edition. The most common learning type was a self-directed type (44.

Efficacy and safety of equine cartilage for rhinoplasty: a multicenter double-blind non-inferiority randomized confirmatory clinical trial.

Background: The efficacy and safety of equine cartilage as a competent xenograft material for rhinoplasty were evaluated and compared to the outcomes of rhinoplasty using silicone implants.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, double-blind, non-inferiority, and randomized confirmatory study. Fifty-six patients were randomized 1:1 to the study group (using MegaCartilage-E) and control group (using silicone implants).

Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with seasonal coronavirus infection and COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Unlike SARS-CoV and MERS-C0V, SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to become a recurrent seasonal infection; hence, it is essential to compare the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 to the existent endemic coronaviruses. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with seasonal coronavirus (sCoV) infection and COVID-19 to compare their clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Methods: A total of 190 patients hospitalized with any documented respiratory tract infection and a positive respiratory viral panel for sCoV from January 1, 2011, to March 31, 2020, were included.

A computed tomography-based analysis of the structure of the mandible according to age and sex.

Background: The primary objectives of mandibular surgery are to achieve optimal occlusion, low sensory disturbance, and adequate fixation with early movement. In-depth knowledge of the mandibular structure is required to achieve these goals. This study used computed tomography (CT) to evaluate the mandibular cortical thickness and cancellous space according to age and sex.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in a community hospital: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: A de-identified dataset of patients with COVID-19 admitted to our community hospital in Evanston, Illinois, from March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021 was retrospectively reviewed. Patients from the first wave were identified as those admitted during the initial peak of admissions observed at our hospital between March 1, 2020 and September 3, 2020.

Newly appointed medical faculty members’ self-evaluation of their educational roles at the Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine in 2020 and 2021: a cross-sectional survey-based study.

This study aimed to investigate the degree to which newly appointed medical faculty members at the Catholic University of Korea are aware of Harden and Crosby’s 12 educational roles and to identify their preferred educational roles. A 12-item survey questionnaire was distributed to 110 participants, and 100 responses were included in the analysis. The respondents gave the highest score to “clinical or practical teacher” and the lowest score to “curriculum planner” for their current personal competencies.

Innovative digital tools for new trends in teaching and assessment methods in medical and dental education.

With the goal of providing optimal care to patients, student-centered active learning and the development of clinical competency have become vital components of the education of future physicians capable of sustainably coping with future challenges. However, the shape of future medicine is dramatically changing based on advances in information and communication technology, and the current classroom model seems to have difficulties in fully preparing students for the future of medicine. New trends in teaching and assessment methods include computer-aided instruction, virtual patients, augmented reality, human patient simulations, and virtual reality for the assessment of students’ competency.

Head and neck reconstruction using free flaps: a 30-year medical record review.

Background: The free flap surgical method is useful for the reconstruction of head and neck defects. This study retrospectively analyzed the results of head and neck reconstructions using various types of free flaps over the past 30 years.

Methods: Between 1989 and 2018, a total of 866 free flap procedures were performed on 859 patients with head and neck defects, including 7 double free flaps.

A Retrospective Study of Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and Streptococcus pneumoniae in 11 Hospitalized Patients with Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia at a Single Center.

BACKGROUND A lethal synergism between the influenza virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae has been identified. However, bacterial coinfection is considered relatively infrequent in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, and the co-prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae is low. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients subsequently admitted to AMITA Health Saint Francis Hospital between March 1 and June 30, 2020, with documented SARS-CoV-2 and S.

Performance of the quick COVID-19 severity index and the Brescia-COVID respiratory severity scale in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in a community hospital setting.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of the Quick COVID-19 Severity Index (qCSI) and the Brescia-COVID Respiratory Severity Scale (BCRSS) in predicting intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and in-hospital mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 313 consecutive hospitalized adult patients (18 years or older) with confirmed COVID-19. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the discriminatory power of the qCSI score and BCRSS prediction rule compared to the CURB-65 score for predicting mortality and intensive care unit admission.

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Death of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in a Community Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors for death of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a community hospital setting.

Patients And Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 313 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to a community hospital in Cook County, Illinois, from March 1, 2020, to May 25, 2020. Demographics, medical history, underlying comorbidities, symptoms, signs, laboratory findings, imaging studies, management, and progression to discharge or death data were collected and analyzed.

Klebsiella pneumoniae necrotizing fasciitis on the upper lip in a patient with uncontrolled diabetes.

A 60-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure was admitted to the hospital with severe pain in the upper lip, which began 4 days prior to admission, accompanied by a bullous lesion and suspected cellulitis in the upper lip. Immediately after admission, as the patient´s general condition worsened, tests revealed a non-ST elevated myocardial infarction, septic embolism of the lung, as well as septic shock. Her upper lip suddenly presented a gangrenous and necrotic change, which the tissue and blood culture confirmed to be a Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.

Free-flap reconstruction in recurrent head and neck cancer: A retrospective review of 124 cases.

Background: Free-flap reconstruction for recurrent head and neck cancer may be challenging depending on the previous treatments, those are, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, including neck dissection or free tissue transfer. Specifically, the previous treatment could compromise the neck vessels, thereby making free-flap reconstruction more difficult. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between previous treatments and vascular compromise of the free flap.

Ankle Fracture Detection Utilizing a Convolutional Neural Network Ensemble Implemented with a Small Sample, De Novo Training, and Multiview Incorporation.

To determine whether we could train convolutional neural network (CNN) models de novo with a small dataset, a total of 596 normal and abnormal ankle cases were collected and processed. Single- and multiview models were created to determine the effect of multiple views. Data augmentation was performed during training.

From imaging to reimbursement: what the pediatric radiologist needs to know about health care payers, documentation, coding and billing.

Medical coding and billing processes in the United States are complex, cumbersome and poorly understood by radiologists. Despite the direct implications of radiology documentation on reimbursement, trainees and practicing radiologists typically receive limited relevant training. This article summarizes the payer structure including the state-based Children's Health Insurance Programs, discusses the essential processes by which radiologists request and receive reimbursement, details the mechanisms of coding diagnoses using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) codes and imaging services using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) codes, and explores reimbursement and coding-related issues specific to pediatric radiology.

Risk Factors of and Treatments for Pharyngocutaneous Fistula Occurring after Oropharynx and Hypopharynx Reconstruction.

Background: A pharyngocutaneous fistula is a common and difficult-to-manage complication after head and neck reconstruction. It can lead to serious complications such as flap failure, carotid artery rupture, and pharyngeal stricture, and may require additional surgery. Previous radiotherapy, a low serum albumin level, and a higher T stage have been proposed as contributing factors.

Quantitative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging assessment of chemotherapy treatment response of pediatric osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma malignant bone tumors.

Objective: Assessment of tumor response to chemotherapy is essential in managing malignant pediatric bone tumors prior to resection.

Subjects And Methods: Pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma cases (n=18) were analyzed with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values measured by two readers.

Results: Treated tumors demonstrated significantly greater ADC values compared to untreated tumors (p<0.

Value of the Post-Operative CT in Predicting Delayed Flap Failures Following Head and Neck Cancer Surgery.

Objective: To identify post-operative computed tomography (CT) findings associated with delayed flap failures following head and neck cancer surgery.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 60 patients who underwent flap reconstruction after head and neck cancer surgery and post-operative (3-14 days) contrast-enhanced CT scans for suspected complications. Patients were divided into two groups: delayed flap failure patients (patients required flap revision) (n = 18) and flap success patients (n = 42).