Post-Transplant Cardiovascular Disease in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in the Era of Modern Immunosuppression.

: Post-transplant cardiovascular disease (PTCVD) poses a significant challenge in kidney transplantation, potentially impacting graft outcomes and patient survival. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and consequential impact of PTCVD in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) devoid of pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD). : The cohort comprised 1114 KTRs, with 749 individuals included after excluding those with pre-existing CVD and early graft loss.

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes of De Novo Malignancy following Kidney Transplantation.

Post-transplant malignancy is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following kidney transplantation often emerging after medium- to long-term follow-up. To understand the risk factors for the development of de novo post-transplant malignancy (DPTM), this study aimed to assess the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of DPTM at a single nephrology centre over two decades. This retrospective cohort study included 963 kidney transplant recipients who underwent kidney transplantation between January 2000 and December 2020 and followed up over a median follow-up of 7.

The effect of primary renal disease upon outcomes after renal transplant.

Background: This study investigated whether nature of primary renal disease affects clinical outcomes after renal transplantation at a single center in the United Kingdom.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of 961 renal transplant recipients followed up at a large renal center from 2000 to 2020. Separation of diseases responsible for end-stage kidney disease included glomerulonephritis, diabetic kidney disease, hypertensive nephropathy, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, unknown cause, other causes and chronic pyelonephritis.

Factors Governing the Erythropoietic Response to Intravenous Iron Infusion in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Limited knowledge exists about factors affecting parenteral iron response. A study was conducted to determine the factors influencing the erythropoietic response to parenteral iron in iron-deficient anaemic patients whose kidney function ranged from normal through all stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) severity.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included parenteral iron recipients who did not receive erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) between 2017 and 2019.

Clinical and histopathologic predictors of recurrent glomerulonephritis after kidney transplantation.

Introduction: We evaluated the long-term outcomes of recurrent glomerulonephritis (RGN) using clinical, histopathological, and demographic predictors.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study of kidney transplant recipients (KTR) in two renal centers between 2005 and 2020. Clinical and native kidney histological data were analyzed.

Kidney Transplant-Associated Viral Infection Rates and Outcomes in a Single-Centre Cohort.

Background: Opportunistic infections remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after kidney transplantation. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of post-transplant DNA virus infections (CMV, EBV, BKV and JCV infections) in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) at a single tertiary centre and evaluate their impact on graft outcomes.

Methods: KTR transplanted between 2000 and 2021 were evaluated.

Increasing Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccination and Reducing Health Inequalities in Patients on Renal Replacement Therapy-Experience from a Single Tertiary Centre.

Background: COVID-19 vaccination has changed the landscape of the COVID-19 pandemic; however, decreased uptake due to vaccine hesitancy has been observed, particularly in patients from minority ethnic backgrounds and socially deprived areas. These patient characteristics are common in patients on Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT), a population at extremely high risk of developing serious illness from COVID-19 and who would thus benefit the most from the vaccination programme. We designed a bespoke COVID-19 vaccination programme for our RRT population with the aim of decreasing health inequalities and increasing vaccination uptake.

Evaluating the antibody response to SARS-COV-2 vaccination amongst kidney transplant recipients at a single nephrology centre.

Background And Objectives: Kidney transplant recipients are highly vulnerable to the serious complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infections and thus stand to benefit from vaccination. Therefore, it is necessary to establish the effectiveness of available vaccines as this group of patients was not represented in the randomized trials.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: A total of 707 consecutive adult kidney transplant recipients in a single center in the United Kingdom were evaluated.

Alemtuzumab in renal transplantation. Reviews of literature and usage in the United Kingdom.

Kidney transplantation has evolved over the years from transplants between identically matched donors and recipients to successfully transplanting allografts across virtually any degree of donor-recipient human leukocyte antigen mismatch and ABO-incompatibility. Integral to these improved outcomes has been the development and deployment of a range of immunosuppressive agents. The addition of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies as a standard part of overall immunosuppression has led to the improved outcomes by providing a robust and focused protection during the first few months of transplantation when allografts are most vulnerable to immune-mediated injury.

Managing recurrent urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients using smartphone assisted urinalysis test.

Background: Urinary tract infection is the most frequent infectious complication in allograft recipients with poor outcomes. The study aimed to assess the effect of self-testing urine dipsticks at home, with the assistance of smartphone technology, on the occurrence of urinary tract infection (UTI)-associated complications and frequency and length of hospital admissions.

Method: We performed a retrospective cohort study of kidney transplant recipients with a history of recurrent UTI who used a newly introduced smartphone-assisted dipsticks urinalysis test for self-monitoring.

Investigating the utility of COVID-19 antibody testing in end-stage renal disease patients receiving haemodialysis: a cohort study in the United Kingdom.

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients receiving haemodialysis (HD) are a vulnerable group of patients with increased mortality from COVID-19. Despite improved understanding, the duration of host immunity following COVID-19 infection and role of serological testing alone or in addition to real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing in the HD population is not fully understood, which this study aimed to investigate.

Methods: There were two parts to this study.

Recurrent glomerulonephritis after renal transplantation.

Purpose Of Review: The current understanding of the incidence, predisposing factors, pathophysiology and effective treatment of recurrent glomerulonephritis (RGN) in renal transplants remains at best patchy and at worst, completely lacking. Current reports have been limited by inconsistencies in study design, sample populations and lengths of follow-up. Making sense of the available evidence will provide the tools to support transplant nephrologists in their management of allograft donors and recipients.

Heart failure and acute renal dysfunction in the cardiorenal syndrome.

Just under 1 million people in the UK have symptomatic heart failure. Decompensated heart failure is associated with a particularly poor prognosis with in-hospital mortality at around 10%. Over the last 30 years renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system antagonists have been shown to have incremental benefit on improved quality of life, reduced hospitalisation and mortality rates in those with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Co-administration of Selenium Nanoparticles and Metformin Abrogate Testicular Oxidative Injury by Suppressing Redox Imbalance, Augmenting Sperm Quality and Nrf2 Protein Expression in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and metformin (Met) elicit individually protective effects against testicular oxidative injury in diabetic rats. However, the combined effects of both compounds have not been investigated. We investigated the effects of SeNPs and Met individual/co-treatment on testicular oxidative injury in diabetic rats.

Alteration in sperm characteristics, endocrine balance and redox status in rats rendered diabetic by streptozotocin treatment: attenuating role of Loranthus micranthus.

Objectives: Loranthus micranthus is widely used in Nigerian folklore treatment of male infertility and diabetes complications. We investigated this claim in rats rendered diabetic by streptozotocin (STZ).

Methods: Induction of diabetes mellitus in adult male Wistar rats was by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (60  mg/kg).

Alport's syndrome with type 4 renal tubular acidosis.

This case report details a 51-year-old man with Alport's syndrome resulting in chronic nephritis with stable renal function and sensorineural deafness. The patient was being investigated for persistently raised potassium refractory to dietary and pharmacological modification. Subsequently, the patient was found to have type 4 renal tubular acidosis, and potassium normalised with the addition of fludrocortisone.

Mass in the left atrial appendage: a therapeutic dilemma.

This is a case of a persistent mobile mass in the left atrial appendage in which 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography provided excellent definition of the contour of the mass and helped in comparison during follow-up. The mass was incidentally found before atrial fibrillation ablation and initially thought to be a thrombus. As it persisted almost unchanged despite adequate anticoagulation, a tumour such as a fibroelastoma became the leading possibility, presenting us with a management dilemma.