High-Risk Lineages of Hybrid Plasmids Carrying Virulence and Carbapenemase Genes.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) are a global health threat due to their high morbidity and mortality rates and limited treatment options. This study examines the plasmid-mediated transmission of virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants in carbapenem-resistant () and () isolated from Russian hospitals. : We performed short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing of 53 clinical isolates (48 and 5 ) attributed to 15 genetic lineages and collected from 21 hospitals across nine Russian cities between 2016 and 2022.

Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Monitoring of Intestinal Bacteria and Bacteriophages Following Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are associated with persistent intestinal dysfunction preceded by gut bacterial dysbiosis. There are limited data on intestinal bacteriophages in these conditions. The aim of the present work was to detect associations between dominant intestinal bacteria by means of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and some clinically significant viruses detected with a customized primer panel for NGS-based study.

Evaluation of Gut Microbiota in Healthy Persons and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in North-Western Russia.

Bacterial microbiota in stool may vary over a wide range, depending on age, nutrition, etc. The purpose of our work was to discriminate phyla and genera of intestinal bacteria and their biodiversity within a healthy population (North-Western Russia) compared to the patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The study group included 183 healthy persons 2 to 53 years old (a mean of 26.

The Telomeric Repeats of HHV-6A Do Not Determine the Chromosome into Which the Virus Is Integrated.

Human herpes virus 6A (HHV-6A) is able to integrate into the telomeric and subtelomeric regions of human chromosomes representing chromosomally integrated HHV-6A (ciHHV-6A). The integration starts from the right direct repeat (DR) region. It has been shown experimentally that perfect telomeric repeats (pTMR) in the DR region are required for the integration, while the absence of the imperfect telomeric repeats (impTMR) only slightly reduces the frequency of HHV-6 integration cases.

Incidence of Common Herpesviruses in Colonic Mucosal Biopsies Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Intestinal complications are common after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). However, only scarce data concern herpesvirus incidence in the colonic mucosa post-HSCT. Our purpose was to assess the frequency and clinical significance of cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein−Barr virus (EBV), human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV6), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the colonic mucosa post-HSCT.

[Features of the patient management with traumatic brain injury].

The aim of our study was to consider features of pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of traumatic brain injury (TBI) from the viewpoint of neurologist. The mechanisms of emerging injury of the central nervous system, including neuro-inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with TBI, and correlations between clinical manifestations and severity of TBI are discussed. Special attention is paid to the description of certain TBI consequences, e.

Extracorporeal Photopheresis in Children with Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease.

Chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) remains a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). It significantly decreases survival and quality of life. The present study demonstrates retrospective data on extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) in children with cGVHD.

[Fecal microbiota transplantation for graft-versus-host disease in children and adults: methods, clinical effects, safety].

Aim: Was to evaluate clinical efficacy, adverse events and changes in the gut microbiome after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) form of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Materials And Methods: The prospective single-center study in R.M.

Long-term impact of fecal transplantation in healthy volunteers.

Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been recently approved by FDA for the treatment of refractory recurrent clostridial colitis (rCDI). Success of FTM in treatment of rCDI led to a number of studies investigating the effectiveness of its application in the other gastrointestinal diseases. However, in the majority of studies the effects of FMT were evaluated on the patients with initially altered microbiota.

[Specifics of diagnosis and treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy in elderly patients].

Aim: To study the specifics of diagnosis and treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy in elderly patients.

Material And Methods: Forty-two patients (22 men and 20 women, aged from 65 to 75 years) with diabetes mellitus type 2 and diabetic polyneuropathy were studied using the following psychometric scales: the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), Neurological symptoms scale (NSS), Neuropathy Disability Score (NDS), the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Kaplan-Feinstein index (KFI), the Covi Anxiety Scale (COVI), the Recovery Locus of Control Scale (RLOC). Patients were divided into group 1 (n=24) treated with neuromultivit injections, along with standard treatment, and group 2 (n=18), which received standard treatment only.

[Assessment of clinical manifestations and treatment of post-stroke depression in young patients with ischemic stroke].

Aim: To consider clinical manifestations and treatment of post-stroke depression in young patients with carotid ischemic stroke.

Material And Methods: Forty patients, 24 women and 16 men, aged from 18 to 45 years old, diagnosed with ICD-10 post-stroke depression were examined. All patients underwent neurological examination, brain MRI and MR-angiography of cerebral vessels.

Risk-adapted GVHD prophylaxis with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide in adults after related, unrelated, and haploidentical transplantations.

Introduction: Although a number of studies were published on the efficacy of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, no large studies prospectively evaluated this strategy in related, unrelated, and haploidentical grafts.

Methods: In this study, GVHD prophylaxis for 57 matched bone marrow (MBM) grafts consisted of single-agent PTCy, for 88 matched PBSC grafts (MPBSC) consisted of PTCy, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 30 mg/kg, and for 55 mismatched grafts (MMGs) consisted of PTCy, tacrolimus and MMF 45 mg/kg.

Results: The study met the primary endpoint to demonstrate equivalent rates of acute GVHD grade II-IV (11%, 17%,19%, P = .

[Diagnosis and treatment of dorsopathy in patients with connective tissue dysplasia].

Aim: To study the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of dorsopathy in patients with connective tissue dysplasia.

Material And Methods: Thirty-six patients, aged from 18 to 45 years, with lumbar-sacral radiculopathies associated with connective tissue dysplasia were examined. Detailed neurological examination, X-ray visualization and MRI of lumbosacral spine section, electromyographic assessment were performed.

[The diagnostic role of chemokines and their receptors in chronic hepatitis C].

The chronic hepatitis C is characterized by the increase of inflammatory disorders and progression of fibrosis of liver The corresponding immunologic mechanisms of hepatic lesions are still undiscovered. The actual review presents the analysis of scientific publications and genuine research data concerning the role of chemokines in pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis C. The chemokines are small cationic proteins enhancing transit and precipitation of migrating cells (leucocytes mainly) in tissues and organs.

Common intronic D variant of ACE gene is associated with endothelial dysfunction in COPD.

Background: Pathogenesis of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) includes primary inflammatory events, multiple vascular reactions, remodeling of bronchial and vascular walls.

Objective: The aim of present single-center study was to assess relations between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and prevalence of clinical symptoms characteristic to COPD.

Methods: The study involved sixty-three male patients with COPD (44-86 years old, a mean of 60.

Functional gene polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase-1 is associated with benign hyperplasia of myo- and endometrium in the Russian population.

Aims: Estrogen-dependent hyperplasia of myo- and endometrium manifests as uterine leiomyoma or adenomyosis. We studied possible associations between common polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes and clinical features of uterine hyperplasia.

Patients And Methods: One hundred seventy female patients with uterine leiomyoma (46.

[Clinical significance of functional variants of matrix metalloproteinase genes in thyroid cancer].

Under analysis were results of genetic investigations of 105 patients with thyroid cancer (TC) treated from 2004 through 2007 in the St. Petersburg City Center of surgery and oncology of the endocrine system organs. The patients' age was from 17 to 80 years (mean age 51.

Expression of mRNA for chemokines and chemokine receptors in tissues of the myometrium and uterine leiomyoma.

Tissues samples of leiomyoma and myometrium obtained intraoperatively were analyzed. For evaluation of the synthesis of MIP-lalpha, MIP-1beta, RANTES, eotaxin, eotaxin-2, interleukin-8, CCR1, CCR3, CCR5, CXCR1, and CXCR2, mRNA isolated from tissues samples of leiomyoma and myometrium was subjected to reverse transcription-PCR and assayed by a semiquantitative method (relative to beta-actin). The content of eotaxin, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and CCR5 mRNA in leiomyoma tissue was lower than in the myometrium.

[Detection of infectious agents in heart valves during endocarditis using PCR technique].

Infectious endocarditis can be caused by various microorganisms. Diagnostics of local infection by microbiological methods is not always effective. For that reason we performed a study aimed for direct detection of potential infectious agents by polymerase chain reaction in patients' heart valve tissue.