Decoding the anti-hypertensive mechanism of α-mangostin based on network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation.

Background: Hypertension is a leading risk factor for disability and deaths worldwide. Evidence indicates that alpha-mangostin(α-MG) can reduce blood pressure and improve target organ damage. Nonetheless, its pharmacological targets and potential mechanisms of action remain inadequately elucidated.

Local-strain-induced CO adsorption geometries and electrochemical reduction pathway shift.

Unravelling the influence of strain and geometric effects on the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CORR) on Cu-based (or Pd-based) alloys remains challenging due to complex local microenvironment variables. Herein, we employ two PdCu alloys (nanoparticles and nanodendrites) to demonstrate how CORR selectivity can shift from CO to HCOO. Despite sharing consistent phases, exposed crystal facets, and overall oxidative states, these alloys exhibit different local strain profiles due to their distinct geometries.

Single-Atom Electron Pumps Over Transition Metal Chalcogenides Boosting Photocatalysis.

Cocatalyst is of paramount significance to provide fruitful active sites for suppressing the spatial charge recombination toward boosted photocatalysis. Up to date, exploration of robust and stable cocatalysts is remained challenging. Inspired by the intrinsic merits of single-atom catalysts (SACs), such as distinctive electronic structure and high atomic utilization efficiency, single-atom/transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs) is utilized as a model to synthesize CdS-Pd single-atom catalyst (CdS-PdSA) heterostructures.

Electronic-Structure Transformation of Platinum-Rich Nanowires as Efficient Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting.

Platinum (Pt) has been widely used as cathodic electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) but unfortunately neglected as an anodic electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to excessively strong bonding with oxygen species in water splitting electrolyzers. Herein we report that fine control over the electronic-structure and local-coordination environment of Pt-rich PtPbCu nanowires (NWs) by doping of iridium (Ir) lowers the overpotential of the OER and simultaneously suppresses the overoxidation of Pt in IrPtPbCu NWs during water electrolysis. In light of the one-dimensional morphology featured with atomically dispersed IrO species and electronically modulated Pt-sites, the IrPtPbCu NWs exhibit an enhanced OER (175 mV at 10 mA cm) and HER (25 mV at 10 mA cm) electrocatalytic performance in acidic media and yield a high turnover frequency.

Anti-hypertensive effect and potential mechanism of gastrodia-uncaria granules based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Hypertension has become a major contributor to the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Despite the evidence of the anti-hypertensive effect of gastrodia-uncaria granules (GUG) in hypertensive patients, little is known about its potential therapeutic targets as well as the underlying mechanism. GUG components were sourced from TCMSP and HERB, with bioactive ingredients screened.

Effect of Selective Metallic Defects on Catalytic Performance of Alloy Nanosheets.

Defects in the crystal structure of nanomaterials are important for their diverse applications. As, defects in 2D framework allow surface confinement effects, efficient molecular accessibility, high surface-area to volume-ratio and lead to higher catalytic activity, but it is challenging to expose defects of specific metal on the surface of 2D alloy and find the correlation between defective structure and electrocatalytic properties with atomic precision. Herein, the work paves the way for the controlled synthesis of ultrathin porous Ir-Cu nanosheets (NSs) with selectively iridium (Ir) rich defects to boost their performance for acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER).

Atomically Dispersed CoN C -TeN C Diatomic Sites Anchored in N-Doped Carbon as Efficient Bifunctional Catalyst for Synergistic Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction.

A encapsulation-adsorption-pyrolysis strategy for the construction of atomically dispersed Co-Te diatomic sites (DASs) that are anchored in N-doped carbon is reported as an efficient bifunctional catalyst for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The as-constructed catalyst shows the stable CoN C -TeN C coordination structure before and after HER and ORR. The *OOH/*H intermediate species are captured by in situ Raman and in situ attenuated total reflectance-surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy, indicating that the reactant O /H O molecule has a strong interaction with the Co site, revealing that Co is an effective active site.

Geometric Calibration for Cameras with Inconsistent Imaging Capabilities.

Traditional calibration methods rely on the accurate localization of the chessboard points in images and their maximum likelihood estimation (MLE)-based optimization models implicitly require all detected points to have an identical uncertainty. The uncertainties of the detected control points are mainly determined by camera pose, the slant of the chessboard and the inconsistent imaging capabilities of the camera. The negative influence of the uncertainties that are induced by the two former factors can be eliminated by adequate data sampling.

Blood Pressure Goals in Acute Stroke.

Antihypertensive treatment is highly effective in both primary and secondary prevention of stroke. However, current guideline recommendations on the blood pressure goals in acute stroke are clinically empirical and generally conservative. Antihypertensive treatment is only recommended for severe hypertension.

Cobalt Single Atom Incorporated in Ruthenium Oxide Sphere: A Robust Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for HER and OER.

The development of highly active and stable bifunctional noble-metal-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a crucial goal for clean and renewable energy, which still remains challenging. Herein, we report an efficient and stable catalyst comprising a Co single atom incorporated in an RuO sphere for HER and OER, in which the Co single atom in the RuO sphere was confirmed by XAS, AC-STEM, and DFT. This tailoring strategy uses a Co single atom to modify the electronic structures of the surrounding Ru atoms and thereby remarkably elevates the electrocatalytic activities.

Enhancing fatigue life by ductile-transformable multicomponent B2 precipitates in a high-entropy alloy.

Catastrophic accidents caused by fatigue failures often occur in engineering structures. Thus, a fundamental understanding of cyclic-deformation and fatigue-failure mechanisms is critical for the development of fatigue-resistant structural materials. Here we report a high-entropy alloy with enhanced fatigue life by ductile-transformable multicomponent B2 precipitates.

Triglyceride metabolism and angiopoietin-like proteins in lipoprotein lipase regulation.

Hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for a series of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTLs) family, especially ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8, which regulate lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, play pivotal roles in triglyceride (TG) metabolism and related diseases/complications. There are many transcriptional and post-transcriptional factors that participate in physiological and pathological regulation of ANGPTLs to affect triglyceride metabolism.

Midkine Inhibits Cholesterol Efflux by Decreasing ATP-Binding Membrane Cassette Transport Protein A1 via Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling in Macrophages.

Background: Midkine (MK), a heparin-binding protein, participates in multiple cellular processes, such as immunity, cellular growth and apoptosis. Overwhelming evidence indicates that MK plays an important role in various pathological processes, including chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, cancer, and infection. Recent studies demonstrated that MK may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis, yet the mechanism has not been fully explored.

Lipoprotein lipase transporter GPIHBP1 and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism.

Increased plasma triglyceride serves as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), which hydrolyzes circulating triglyceride, plays a crucial role in normal lipid metabolism and energy balance. Hypertriglyceridemia is possibly caused by gene mutations resulting in LPL dysfunction.

Role of AMPK in atherosclerosis via autophagy regulation.

Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and deposition of fibrous elements in the vascular wall, which is the primary cause of cardiovascular diseases. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic sensor of energy metabolism that regulates multiple physiological processes, including lipid and glucose metabolism and the normalization of energy imbalances. Overwhelming evidence indicates that AMPK activation markedly attenuates atherosclerosis development.

Chromosomal and genetic alterations in human hepatocellular adenomas associated with type Ia glycogen storage disease.

Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a frequent long-term complication of glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) and malignant transformation to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known to occur in some cases. However, the molecular pathogenesis of tumor development in GSD I is unclear. This study was conducted to systematically investigate chromosomal and genetic alterations in HCA associated with GSD I.

Seroprevalence of antibodies against Bartonella species and evaluation of risk factors and clinical signs associated with seropositivity in dogs.

Objective: To determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against Bartonella spp in a population of sick dogs from northern California and identify potential risk factors and clinical signs associated with seropositivity.

Sample Population: Sera from 3,417 dogs.

Procedure: Via an ELISA, sera were analyzed for antibodies against Bartonella vinsonii subsp berkhoffii, Bartonella clarridgeiae, and Bartonella henselae; test results were used to classify dogs as seropositive (mean optical density value > or = 0.