Predicting the risk of chronic kidney disease based on uric acid concentration in stones using biosensors integrated with a deep learning-based ANN system.

Elevated levels of uric acid (UA) in the body may not only lead to the formation of stones but also increase the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study presents a biosensor for detecting UA concentration in stones and a deep learning-based artificial neural network (ANN) system for analyzing CKD risk. The biosensor is a screen-printed electrode (SPE) chip, whose surface was modified using oxygen plasma, enabling the detection of UA concentration via cyclic voltammetry.

Regioselective B2-6 penta-iodination of the [CBH] monocarborane cluster by palladium catalysis.

Penta-iodination of the B2-6 positions of the {CB} monocarborane cluster is reported. Products of the structure [2,3,4,5,6-I-CBH-12-X] (X = H, Me, Et, Ph, Br, I) were obtained and fully characterized. X-ray crystal structures of three new compounds confirm this particular substitution pattern.

Self-Assembled Cage for In Situ Detecting Silver Cation in Water.

Here, a capsule-shaped cage comprising three monocationic arms was efficiently self-assembled by condensing a triscationic trisaldehyde and a trisamino linkage in water. Multivalence endows the cage with thermodynamic stability in water. Despite its triscationic nature, the cage is able to use its trisimino residue to coordinate a silver cation.

A water-soluble naphthalenediimide-containing hexacationic cage.

A water-soluble cage containing three naphthalenediimide (NDI) units was synthesized in a one-pot manner without chromatographic purification, during which six irreversible C-N bonds formed simultaneously via an SN2 reaction. The cage was observed to be capable of accommodating a variety π-electron rich guests in a peripheral manner in water. However, for linear guests including I3- and I2, the cage is able to form an inclusion complex.

Constraining Homo- and Heteroanion Dimers in Ultraclose Proximity within a Self-Assembled Hexacationic Cage.

A hexacationic cage was synthesized via hydrazone condensation in aqueous acid. Cage bears three biscationic arms, each of which contains four relatively acidic protons, including one NH and three CH protons. These hydrogen bond donors, as well as its intrinsic cationic nature, enable cage 3 to encapsulate two anions concurrently within its cavity.