Increased rates of hospital-onset Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in National Health Service acute trusts in England between June 2020 and March 2021: a national surveillance review.

A large increase in hospital-onset and intensive-care-unit-onset Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia rates in English acute trusts was observed between 2020 and 2021, coinciding with reported increases in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases and associated hospitalizations. Many of these S. aureus bacteraemia cases were defined as co-/secondary infections to COVID-19.

Meglumine-based Sustainable Three-component Deep Eutectic Solvent Applicable for the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazoline-3-carboxylates as a Sensing Probe for Cu Ions.

An unprecedented meglumine-based three-component deep eutectic solvent (3c-DES) (MegPAc) was synthesized using meglumine, p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA), and acetic acid as a renewable, and non-toxic solvent. The exploitation of the MegPAc as an eco-friendly reaction media to construct a selective and sensitive small organic molecular sensing probe, namely, pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazoline-3-carboxylates (PQCs) was executed. Captivatingly, the MegPAc served the dual role of solvent and catalyst, and it delivered the title components with 69-94 % yields within 67-150 minutes.

Microwave-induced one-pot synthesis of 3-imidazolyl indole clubbed 1,2,3-triazole hybrids as antiproliferative agents and density functional theory study.

Herein, we outline a highly efficient PEG-4000-mediated one-pot three-component reaction for the synthesis of 3-imidazolyl indole clubbed 1,2,3-triazole derivatives (5a-r) at up to 96% yield as antiproliferative agents. This three-component protocol offers the advantages of an environmentally benign reaction, excellent yield, quick response time, and operational simplicity triggered by the copper catalyst under microwave irradiation. All the synthesized compounds were tested for antiproliferative activity against six human solid tumor cell lines, that is, A549 and SW1573 (nonsmall cell lung), HBL100 and T-47D (breast), HeLa (cervix), and WiDr (colon).

In silico and in vitro evaluation of newly synthesized pyrazolo-pyridine fused tetrazolo-pyrimidines derivatives as potential anticancer and antimicrobial agents.

Diversely functionalized pyrazolo-pyridine fused tetrazolo-pyrimidines and were successfully synthesized a catalyst-free synthetic protocol with moderate to very good yields. The compounds were evaluated for cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and HEK-293 cells using MTT assay. Among the tested compounds, (IC- 23.

Attribution of nosocomial seeding to long-term care facility COVID-19 outbreaks.

Residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) were disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed the extent to which hospital-associated infections contributed to COVID-19 LTCF outbreaks in England. We matched addresses of cases between March 2020 and June 2021 to reference databases to identify LTCF residents.

Diversity-oriented synthesis of 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazoline hybrids as antimicrobial agents.

A straightforward and high yielding synthetic approach is employed to synthesize the novel 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazoline hybrids 7(a-t) as new antimicrobial agents with two pharmacophore in the effective two step synthesis. The first step is the four component one-pot synthesis of highly functionalized pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolines 5(a-j) catalysed by TBAB, with the advantages of an environmentally benign reaction, high yielding, quick reaction time, and operational simplicity. In the subsequent stage, CuSO/NaAsc system was employed to synthesize the 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered pyrazolo[1,5-b]quinazoline hybrids as 1H-1,2,3-triazoles are the structures of great diversity and importance in diverse therapeutics containing numerous biological activities.

Collecting-Gathering Biophysics of the Blackworm Lumbriculus variegatus.

Many organisms exhibit collecting and gathering behaviors as a foraging and survival method. Benthic macroinvertebrates are classified as collector-gatherers due to their collection of particulate matter. Among these, the aquatic oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus (California blackworms) demonstrates the ability to ingest both organic and inorganic materials, including microplastics.

Collecting-Gathering Biophysics of the Blackworm .

Many organisms exhibit collecting and gathering behaviors as a foraging and survival method. Certain benthic macroinvertebrates are classified as collector-gatherers due to their collection of particulate matter as a food source, such as the aquatic oligochaete (California blackworms). Blackworms demonstrate the ability to ingest organic and inorganic materials, including microplastics, but previous work has only qualitatively described their possible collecting behaviors for such materials.

Rapid rise in COVID-19 among young people in England - learning for the future.

Objectives: We determined the age and sociodemographic distribution of COVID-19 cases between January and September 2020 to identify the group with the highest incidence rates at the beginning of the second wave in England.

Study Design: We undertook a retrospective cohort study design.

Methods: SARS-CoV-2 cases in England were linked with area-level socio-economic status indicators using quintiles of the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD).

Comparative transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants and the impact of vaccination: national cohort study, England.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant (B.1.1.

Making the invisible visible: using national surveillance data to identify people experiencing homelessness in England with COVID-19.

Persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) or rough sleeping are a vulnerable population, likely to be disproportionately affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The impact of COVID-19 infection on this population is yet to be fully described in England. We present a novel method to identify COVID-19 cases in this population and describe its findings.

Differential impact of quarantine policies for recovered COVID-19 cases in England: a case cohort study of surveillance data, June to December 2020.

Background: From 12th March 2020, individuals in England were advised to quarantine in their home if a household member tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. A mandatory isolation period of 10 days was introduced on 28th September 2020 and applied to all individuals with COVID-19. We assessed the frequency, timing, and characteristics of recovered COVID-19 cases requiring subsequent quarantine episodes due to household re-exposure.

Meglumine-Promoted Eco-Compatible Pseudo-Three-Component Reaction for the Synthesis of 1,1-Dihomoarylmethane Scaffolds and Their Green Credentials.

A simple, straightforward, and energy-efficient greener route for the synthesis of a series of biologically interesting functionalized 1,1-dihomoarylmethane scaffolds has been developed in the presence of meglumine as an efficient and eco-friendly organo-catalyst via one-pot pseudo-three-component reaction at room temperature. Following this protocol, it is possible to synthesize 1,1-dihomoarylmethane scaffolds of an assortment of C-H activated acids such as dimedone, 1,3-cyclohexadione, 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-pyrone, 4-hydroxycoumarin, and 1-phenyl-3-methyl-pyrazolone. The salient features of the present green protocol are mild reaction conditions, good to excellent yields, operational simplicity, easy isolation of products, no cumbersome post treatment, high atom economy, and low E-factor.

Ultrasound-promoted convenient and ionic liquid [BMIM]BF assisted green synthesis of diversely functionalized pyrazolo quinoline core via one-pot multicomponent reaction, DFT study and pharmacological evaluation.

An ultrasound-assisted green protocol for one-pot synthesis of a new series of pharmaceutically relevant pyrazolo quinoline derivatives (4a-t) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated using DFT and biological activities. Pyrazolo quinoline derivatives (4a-t) were synthesized via a three-component tandem reaction of 1,3-dicarbonyl compound (1a-b), substituted aromatic aldehyde (2a-o), and 5-amino indazole (3a) in the presence of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [BMIM]BF ionic liquid in ethanol at ambient conditions. The main purpose of the present work is selective functionalization of pyrazolo quinoline (4a-t) core excluding another potential parallel reaction under environmentally benign reaction conditions.

Effect of Returning University Students on COVID-19 Infections in England, 2020.

Each September in England, ≈1 million students relocate to study at universities. To determine COVID-19 cases and outbreaks among university students after their return to university during the COVID pandemic in September 2020, we identified students with COVID-19 (student case-patients) by reviewing contact tracing records identifying attendance at university and residence in student accommodations identified by matching case-patients' residential addresses with national property databases. We determined COVID-19 rates in towns/cities with and without a university campus.

Assessment of mortality and hospital admissions associated with confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant: a matched cohort and time-to-event analysis, England, October to December 2020.

BackgroundThe emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant in England coincided with a rapid increase in the number of PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases in areas where the variant was concentrated.AimOur aim was to assess whether infection with Alpha was associated with more severe clinical outcomes than the wild type.MethodsLaboratory-confirmed infections with genomically sequenced SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and wild type between October and December 2020 were linked to routine healthcare and surveillance datasets.

Increased Residential Clustering of COVID-19 Cases Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Variant of Concern B.1.1.7.

Background: The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) B.1.1.

Differential Expression of RAD51AP1 in Ovarian Cancer: Effects of siRNA In Vitro.

Background: DNA double strand breaks can affect genome integrity potentially leading to cancer. RAD51-associated protein 1 (RAD51AP1), an accessory protein to RAD51, is critical for homologous recombination, a key DNA damage response pathway. Emerging studies indicate a novel role for RAD51AP1 in carcinogenesis.

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) on prisons, England.

Objectives: Prisons are high-risk settings for infectious disease outbreaks because of their highly dynamic and crowded nature. During late 2020, prisons in England observed a surge in COVID-19 infection. This study describes the emergence of the Alpha variant in prisons during this period.

Penetration and impact of COVID-19 in long term care facilities in England: population surveillance study.

Background: Long-term care facilities (LTCF) worldwide have suffered high rates of COVID-19, reflecting the vulnerability of the persons who live there and the institutional nature of care delivered. This study describes the impact of the pandemic on incidences and deaths in LTCF across England.

Methods: Laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases in England, notified to Public Health England from 01 Jan to 25 Dec 2020, were address-matched to an Ordnance Survey reference database to identify residential property classifications.

Surge in SARS-CoV-2 transmission in school-aged children and household contacts, England, August to October 2021.

Easing of COVID-19 restrictions in England in the summer of 2021 was followed by a sharp rise in cases among school-aged children. Weekly rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in primary and secondary school children reached 733.3 and 1,664.

Case-control study to estimate odds of death within 28 days of positive test for SARS-CoV-2 prior to vaccination for residents of long-term care facilities in England, 2020-2021.

Background: Persons living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are presumed to be at higher risk of adverse outcomes from SARS-CoV-2 infection due to increasing age and frailty, but the magnitude of increased risk is not well quantified.

Methods: After linking demographic and mortality data for cases with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2020 and January 2021 in England, a random sample of 6000 persons who died and 36 000 who did not die within 28 days of a positive test was obtained from the dataset of 3 020 800 patients. Based on an address-matching process, the residence type of each case was categorised into one of private home and residential or nursing LTCF.

Household transmission of COVID-19 cases associated with SARS-CoV-2 delta variant (B.1.617.2): national case-control study.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant (B.1.617.