Misregulation of mitochondrial 6mA promotes the propagation of mutant mtDNA and causes aging in C. elegans.

In virtually all eukaryotes, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes proteins necessary for oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and RNAs required for their synthesis. The mechanisms of regulation of mtDNA copy number and expression are not completely understood but crucially ensure the correct stoichiometric assembly of OXPHOS complexes from nuclear- and mtDNA-encoded subunits. Here, we detect adenosine N6-methylation (6mA) on the mtDNA of diverse animal and plant species.

SoMarker: a genetic marker searching tool for Caenorhabditis elegans.

Caenorhabditis elegans is one of the most popular model organisms used to genetically dissect complex biological phenomena. One common technique used routinely in the C. elegans laboratory is the generation of strains carrying combinations of genetic mutations via classical genetic crosses.

ATFS-1 counteracts mitochondrial DNA damage by promoting repair over transcription.

The ability to balance conflicting functional demands is critical for ensuring organismal survival. The transcription and repair of the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) requires separate enzymatic activities that can sterically compete, suggesting a life-long trade-off between these two processes. Here in Caenorhabditis elegans, we find that the bZIP transcription factor ATFS-1/Atf5 (refs.

Targeted Therapy of Tuberculous Meningitis in Rats with Methylprednisolone Composite Nanoparticles.

It was to investigate the targeted therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) composite nanoparticles (NPs) on tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in rats. A total of 180 special pathogen-free (SPF) Sprague Dawley (SD) rats (male) were randomly and equally assigned to the normal control group, TBM infection group, and TBM treatment group. Those in the TBM infection group and the TBM treatment group were injected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis suspension via the tail vein.

Effect of Glucocorticoid Nanoliposomes on Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression in Brain Tissue of Rats with Tuberculous Meningitis.

To investigate the effect of human brain-targeted nanoliposomes encapsulating methylprednisolone sodium succinate on the level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in brain tissue of rats with tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the nanoliposome DSPE-125I-AIBZM-MPS was prepared. 180 rats were divided into normal control, TBM infection, and TBM treatment groups. The brain water content, Evans blue (EB) content, VEGF, and the gene and protein expression of receptors (Flt-1, Flk-1) of rats after modeling were measured.

Changes of Electrocardiogram and Myocardial Enzymes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Purpose: Cardiac complications are common in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The present study is aimed at observing the incidence of cardiac complications after ICH, so as at improving the understanding of the relationship between cardiac complications and ICH.

Methods: This is a retrospective study on analyzing electrocardiogram (ECG) and serum myocardial enzyme of 208 patients with ICH admitted to a tertiary hospital from 2018 to 2019.

PINK1 and parkin shape the organism-wide distribution of a deleterious mitochondrial genome.

In multiple species, certain tissue types are prone to acquiring greater loads of mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) mutations relative to others, but the mechanisms that drive these heteroplasmy differences are unknown. We find that the conserved PTEN-induced putative kinase (PINK1/PINK-1) and the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase parkin (PDR-1), which are required for mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), underlie stereotyped differences in heteroplasmy of a deleterious mitochondrial genome mutation (ΔmtDNA) between major somatic tissues types in Caenorhabditis elegans. We demonstrate that tissues prone to accumulating ΔmtDNA have lower mitophagy responses than those with low mutation levels.

Optimization of the extraction and purification of based on the Q-marker uniform design method.

alkaloids are mainly divided into three categories: protoberberine, prototropine and aporphine alkaloids. Therefore, we have taken into account these three alkaloid contents when extracting and purifying crude drugs, which is essential for the quality control of and its derivative products. Herein, we investigated the feasibility of the Q-marker uniform design method in the optimization of the extraction and purification of .

Publisher Correction: Affinity purification of cell-specific mitochondria from whole animals resolves patterns of genetic mosaicism.

In the version of this Technical Report originally published, chromosome representations (indicated by black lines) were missing from Fig. 2a due to a technical error. The corrected version of Fig.

Affinity purification of cell-specific mitochondria from whole animals resolves patterns of genetic mosaicism.

Although mitochondria are ubiquitous organelles, they exhibit tissue-specific morphology, dynamics and function. Here, we describe a robust approach to isolate mitochondria from specific cells of diverse tissue systems in Caenorhabditis elegans. Cell-specific mitochondrial affinity purification (CS-MAP) yields intact and functional mitochondria with exceptional purity and sensitivity (>96% enrichment, >96% purity, and single-cell and single-animal resolution), enabling comparative analyses of protein and nucleic acid composition between organelles isolated from distinct cellular lineages.

A Functional Role for the Epigenetic Regulator ING1 in Activity-induced Gene Expression in Primary Cortical Neurons.

Epigenetic regulation of activity-induced gene expression involves multiple levels of molecular interaction, including histone and DNA modifications, as well as mechanisms of DNA repair. Here we demonstrate that the genome-wide deposition of inhibitor of growth family member 1 (ING1), which is a central epigenetic regulatory protein, is dynamically regulated in response to activity in primary cortical neurons. ING1 knockdown leads to decreased expression of genes related to synaptic plasticity, including the regulatory subunit of calcineurin, Ppp3r1.

Par-1 regulates tissue growth by influencing hippo phosphorylation status and hippo-salvador association.

The evolutionarily conserved Hippo (Hpo) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in organ size control by balancing cell proliferation and cell death. Here, we reported the identification of Par-1 as a regulator of the Hpo signaling pathway using a gain-of-function EP screen in Drosophila melanogaster. Overexpression of Par-1 elevated Yorkie activity, resulting in increased Hpo target gene expression and tissue overgrowth, while loss of Par-1 diminished Hpo target gene expression and reduced organ size.