High level of winter warming aggravates soil carbon, nitrogen loss and changes greenhouse gas emission characteristics in seasonal freeze-thaw farmland soil.

Changes in the soil environment caused by winter warming is affecting the carbon and nitrogen cycles of seasonal freeze-thaw farmland soil. A field experiment was conducted in a seasonal freeze-thaw farmland soil of northeast China to investigate the effects caused from different levels of warming (W1 + 1.77 °C, W2 + 0.

[Effects of Climate Warming on the Key Process and Index of Black Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle During Freezing Period].

As an critical part of the global biogeochemical cycle, the winter soil carbon and nitrogen cycles are extremely sensitive to climate warming. Furthermore, the black soil in northeast China is fertile and rich in organic matter and is a vital production base of commodity grains in China. For as long as half a year, the black soil is in a freezing-thawing state.

Psychological suzhi and academic achievement in Chinese adolescents: A 2-year longitudinal study.

Background: In the Chinese educational system, there has been an ongoing debate between using examination- or quality-oriented education. The Chinese concept of psychological suzhi was proposed based on quality-oriented education, and a positive link between psychological suzhi and academic achievement was found by cross-sectional studies; however, studies examining their longitudinal relationship are still lacking.

Aims: To examine the longitudinal trajectories of Chinese adolescents' academic achievement and the longitudinal effects of psychological suzhi on academic achievement trajectories.

Peer Victimization and Problem Behaviors: The Roles of Self-Esteem and Parental Attachment Among Chinese Adolescents.

Guided by the social-ecological diathesis-stress model, this longitudinal study examined the roles of self-esteem, parental attachment, and gender on the association between peer victimization and problem behaviors among Chinese early adolescents. A total of 466 Chinese middle school students (M  = 12.8 years) completed measures of peer victimization, self-esteem, and paternal and maternal attachment twice (T1 and T2; 6-month interval).