Phosphonate poly(vinylbenzyl chloride)-Modified Sulfonated poly(aryl ether nitrile) for Blend Proton Exchange Membranes: Enhanced Mechanical and Electrochemical Properties.

Blend proton exchange membranes (BPEMs) were prepared by blending sulfonated poly(aryl ether nitrile) (SPAEN) with phosphorylated poly(vinylbenzyl chloride) (PPVBC) and named as SPM-x%, where x refers to the proportion of PPVBC to the weight of SPAEN. The chemical complexation interaction between the phosphoric acid and sulfonic acid groups in the PPVBC-SPAEN system resulted in BPEMs with reduced water uptake and enhanced mechanical properties compared to SPAEN proton exchange membranes. Furthermore, the flame retardancy of the PPVBC improved the thermal stability of the BPEMs.

Modification of sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile) proton exchange membranes by poly(ethylene--vinyl alcohol).

The modification of the physicochemical properties of sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile) (SPAEN) proton exchange membranes was demonstrated by poly(ethylene--vinyl alcohol) (EVOH) doping (named SPAEN-%). By controlling the temperature during membrane preparation, the side reactions of the sulfonic acid groups to form sulfonic acid esters were effectively prevented, greatly reducing the proton conductivity of the membranes. Due to the flexible chain of EVOH, SPAEN-8% showed a relatively high elongation of 30.

Magnetic field-oriented ferroferric oxide/poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) hybrid membranes for anion exchange membrane applications.

Concentrating on the ion conductivity of anion exchange membranes (AEMs), we present a magnetic-field-oriented strategy to address the insufficient ion conductivity and the lifetime problem of AEMs used in alkali membrane fuel cells (AMFCs). Magnetic ferroferric oxide (FeO) is functionalized with quaternary ammonium (QA) groups to endow the QA-FeO with ion-exchange ability. A series of aligned QA-FeO/poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) hybrid membranes were fabricated by doping QA-FeO in a triple-ammonium-functionalized PPO (TA-PPO) solution in an applied magnetic field.

Three-Decker Strategy Based on Multifunctional Layered Double Hydroxide to Realize High-Performance Hydroxide Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications.

Herein, we present a three-decker layered double hydroxide (LDH)/poly(phenylene oxide) (PPO) for hydroxide exchange membrane (HEM) applications. Hexagonal LDH is functionalized with highly stable 3-hydroxy-6-azaspiro [5.5] undecane (OH-ASU) cations to promote it's ion-exchange capacity.

Ultrastable and High Ion-Conducting Polyelectrolyte Based on Six-Membered N-Spirocyclic Ammonium for Hydroxide Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Applications.

In response to prepare high-stable and ion-conducting polyelectrolyte for hydroxide exchange membrane (HEM) applications, we present an ultrastable polyelectrolyte based on six-membered heterocyclic 6-azonia-spiro[5.5]undecane (ASU) and polyphenyl ether (PPO). A series of ASU-functionalized PPO polyelectrolytes (ASU-PPO), which can be easily dissolved in low-boiling pointing solvent, have been successfully synthesized by a remote-grafting method.