Association between plasma trimethylamine N-oxide and cerebral white matter hyperintensity: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Cerebral white matter hyperintensity (WMH) is a pivotal imaging feature of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), closely correlated with an elevated risk of ischemic stroke (IS). Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of gut microbiota, is increasingly associated with IS and atherosclerosis. However, the intricate relationship between TMAO and WMH remains ambiguous.

-related mild encephalopathy with reversible myelin vacuolization: a case report and literature review.

-related mild encephalopathy with reversible myelin vacuolization (MMERV) is an inherited neurological disorder characterized by dysfunction in the central nervous system and widespread reversible leukoencephalopathy. This paper presents a confirmed case of familial MMERV and summarizes pertinent features to offer guidance for future diagnosis and treatment of MMERV. We have diagnosed a case of MMERV based on a history of seizures during early childhood and recurrent speech fluency issues in adulthood, reversible abnormal intensities in bilateral white matter in the centrum semiovale and corpus callosum, and the identification of myelin regulatory factor () heterozygous variants.

Predictive values of carotid high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging for large embolus shedding in carotid artery stenting.

Background: Embolus shedding is one of the important complications in carotid artery stenting (CAS). Carotid high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HR-MRI) is often used to directly reflect important biological characteristics, such as plaque size and composition, as well as the structure of the carotid artery wall. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive values of carotid HR-MRI for large embolus shedding in CAS.

Trimethylamine N-oxide promotes demyelination in spontaneous hypertension rats through enhancing pyroptosis of oligodendrocytes.

Background: Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), a brain microvessels dysfunction accompanied by white matter lesions (WML). Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite of intestinal flora, is correlated with cardiovascular and aging diseases. Here, we explored the effect of TMAO on the demyelination of WML.

Risk Factors Affecting Cognitive Impairment of the Elderly Aged 65 and Over: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Objectives: Elderly population with cognitive impairment has been accelerating in China. This study aimed to explore the relationship between each risk factor and each cognitive domain to provide evidence for risk prevention of controlling impaired cognitive function in elderly.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the cognitive status of the elderly aged 65 and above in three communities in Shizhong District of Jinan City.

A Systematic Review of Body Fluids Biomarkers Associated With Early Neurological Deterioration Following Acute Ischemic Stroke.

Biomarkers are objectively measured biological properties of normal and pathological processes. Early neurological deterioration (END) refers to the deterioration of neurological function in a short time after the onset of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and is associated with adverse outcomes. Although multiple biomarkers have been found to predict END, there are currently no suitable biomarkers to be applied in routine stroke care.

Erratum to "Spinocerebellar ataxia type 40: A case report and literature review".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0190.].

Spinocerebellar ataxia type 40: A case report and literature review.

Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a group of neurodegenerative diseases with ataxia as the main clinical manifestation. The phenotypes, gene mutations, and involved sites of different subtypes show a high degree of heterogeneity. The incidence of SCA varies greatly among different subtypes and the case of SCA40 is extremely rare.

Transcriptome Sequencing Identifies Potential Biomarker for White Matter Lesions Diagnosis in the Hypertension Population.

Hypertension is confirmed to be one of the major risk factors of leukoaraiosis (LA). However, the pathogenesis of LA is not completely understood and there is no reliable indicator for the early diagnosis of LA in the hypertensive population. This study was designed to explore the potential biomarker for LA diagnosis in patients with hypertension.

Sex Differences in Risk Factors for Transient Ischemic Attack in a Chinese Population.

This study aimed to collect and evaluate basic information of a stroke screening population in eastern China and to compare distribution differences in risk factors between males and females in a transient ischemic attack (TIA) population. A standardization of the risk factors for stroke was performed according to an implementation plan of stroke in a high-risk population screening and intervention project in Shandong Province. Of the 231,289 residents, 8,603 patients with a previous TIA were identified and risk factors in this cohort were analyzed for sex differences.

Loss of succinyl-CoA synthase ADP-forming β subunit disrupts mtDNA stability and mitochondrial dynamics in neurons.

Succinyl Coenzyme A synthetase (SCS) is a key mitochondrial enzyme. Defected SCS ADP-forming β subunit (SCS A-β) is linked to lethal infantile Leigh or leigh-like syndrome. However, the impacts of SCS A-β deficiency on mitochondria specifically in neurons have not yet been comprehensively investigated.

Spectrum construction of differentially expressed circular RNAs in patients with leukoaraiosis and function analysis of differentially expressed genes.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are class of endogenous RNAs that have a role in the regulation of gene expression. The present study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value and role of circRNA in the pathogenesis of leukoaraiosis (LA). The present study performed Arraystar Human circRNA Array analysis of 6 samples from LA cases and 6 samples from control cases.

Erratum: Relationship between dyslipidemia and carotid plaques in a high-stroke-risk population in Shandong Province, China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/brb3.473.

Relationship between dyslipidemia and carotid plaques in a high-stroke-risk population in Shandong Province, China.

Introduction: The precise associations between stroke and carotid plaques and dyslipidemia are unclear. This population-based study aimed to examine the relationship between carotid plaques and dyslipidemia in a high-stroke-risk population.

Methods: Ultrasonography of left and right carotid arteries was conducted in 22,222 participants in a second screening survey of individuals with high stroke risk.

Differences in the distribution of risk factors for stroke among the high-risk population in urban and rural areas of Eastern China.

Introduction: Considering the program of screening for risk factors of stroke in Eastern China, the aim of this study was to compare the distribution differences in risk factors for stroke among the high-risk population living in urban and rural areas.

Methods: A total of 231,289 residents were screened and basic information collected. Risk factors for stroke among the high-risk population were compared between the urban and rural groups.

Leukoaraiosis with mild cognitive impairment.

As the ageing population continues to increase, the prevalence of age-related cognitive impairment has been on the rise. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is now widely recognised as the early stage of dementia. Mild cognitive impairment is closely associated with cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs), specifically in the case of leukoaraiosis (LA).

Carotid artery stenting ameliorates the cognitive impairment in patients with leukoaraiosis, the ischemic change of cerebral white matter.

Leukoaraiosis (LA) is a leading cause of gait disturbance in the elderly and well known as a type of cerebrovascular diseases. LA is mainly caused by the focal ischemic damage in cerebral white matter. Cognitive impairment in patients with LA is difficult to treat.

Lingo-1 inhibited by RNA interference promotes functional recovery of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Lingo-1 is a negative regulator of myelination. Repairment of demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS)/experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), requires activation of the myelination program. In this study, we observed the effect of RNA interference on Lingo-1 expression, and the impact of Lingo-1 suppression on functional recovery and myelination/remyelination in EAE mice.

[LINGO-1 expression of brain tissue in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mouse].

Objective: To observe the changes of LINGO-1 expression with time after onset in EAE mouse.

Methods: C57/BL6 mice were completely randomly divided into EAE model group (n = 15) , adjuvant group (n = 15) and control group (n = 15) .LINGO-1 expression of brain tissue was detected on day 1, 7, 14, 21 and 30 after onset by RT-PCR and Western blot.

Soluble oligomers and fibrillar species of amyloid β-peptide differentially affect cognitive functions and hippocampal inflammatory response.

Two major active species of β-amyloid protein (Aβ), fibrillar Aβ1-42 (FAβ) and soluble Aβ1-42 oligomers (AβO), are known to play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, the differences between them are largely unknown. In this study, we explored the effects of FAβ and AβO on cognitive functions and hippocampal inflammatory response through a 30-days infusion of FAβ or AβO (144pmol/d) into the left lateral ventricles of the rat brain.

CT Manifestations of Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome in Liver: Report of Three Cases.

Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome is characterized by widespread telangiectasias. Its clinical manifestations depend on position and scope of the abnormal vessels. The clinical and CT data of 3 patients with Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome were retrospectively analyzed.

Individualized management of hepatic diseases in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Liver involvement in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) has not been fully characterized in China. The clinical manifestations, imaging studies, results of treatment in six patients and symptomatic liver involvement were analyzed. Patients included three women and three men with age from 35 to 62 years old.

Effects of fibrillar Aβ(1-40) on the viability of primary cultures of cholinergic neurons and the expression of insulin signaling-related proteins.

To investigate the effects of fibrillar Aβ(1-40) on the morphology and viability of cholinergic neurons and the involvement of the insulin-signaling pathway, we established primary cultures of rat basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and observed their responses to treatment with fibrillar Aβ(1-40) at different concentrations for different durations. Cell morphology was examined under microscope after immunofluorescence staining for neurofilament protein, cell vitality accessed by the Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay, and expressions of a panel of insulin signaling-related proteins was detected by Western blot analysis. We show here that, at low concentrations of 0.

[Diffusion tensor imaging of elderly leukoaraiosis and its correlation with cognitive function].

Objective: To apply diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for investigating the correlation between leukoaraiosis (LA) lesion's fraction anisotropy (FA) as well as average diffusion coefficient (DCavg) and LA severity, so as to explore DTI changes in microstructure of white marrow with normal ordinary MRI and its correlation with cognitive function.

Methods: Sixty LA patients and 30 healthy elderly people accepted DTI examination to detect the value of DCavg and FA of LA lesion and normal white marrow. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used for assessing cognitive function.