Continuous epitaxy of single-crystal graphite films by isothermal carbon diffusion through nickel.

Multilayer van der Waals (vdW) film materials have attracted extensive interest from the perspective of both fundamental research and technology. However, the synthesis of large, thick, single-crystal vdW materials remains a great challenge because the lack of out-of-plane chemical bonds weakens the epitaxial relationship between neighbouring layers. Here we report the continuous epitaxial growth of single-crystal graphite films with thickness up to 100,000 layers on high-index, single-crystal nickel (Ni) foils.

Chlorination behaviors for green and efficient vanadium recovery from tailing of refining crude titanium tetrachloride.

The refined tailing, generated from refining of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl) for vanadium (V) removal, is a hazardous material to environment due to the high content of V. Aiming at effective and selective extraction of V from the refined tailing, a fluidized chlorination process was proposed in present work. The chlorination behaviors of the refined tailing which determine the efficiency and selectivity of V extraction were emphatically investigated.