Standoff tracking of a ground target based on coordinated turning guidance law.

Target tracking is a typical application of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs). However, it is difficult for the existing guidance laws to meet the requirements of convergence speed and tracking accuracy at the same time. A new guidance law based on a coordinated turning equation is proposed to achieve target tracking, and its asymptotic stability is proved.

Exogenetic insulin increased bone mineral densityin middle-aged male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

We aimed to evaluate the influence of exogenetic insulin on bone mineral density (BMD) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Group A included 120 cases of middle-aged male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were administrated exogenetic insulin (40 cases in Group A1: for less than 1 year; 40 cases in Group A2:for 1 to 3 years; 40cases in Group A3: for 3 to 5 years), and another 120 cases (Group B) of middle-aged male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were administrated insulin secretagogues. The measurements of BMD of lumbar vertebra (L2-4), collum femoris and total body were conducted with dual-energy X-raya bsorptiometry, followed by the determination of glycosylated hemoglobin, plasma insulin concentration (fasting and postprandial), and fasting C-peptide.