The safety and efficacy of applying a high-current temporal interference electrical stimulation in humans.

Background: Temporal interference electrical stimulation (TI) is promise in targeting deep brain regions focally. However, limited electric field intensity challenges its efficacy.

Objective: This study aimed to introduce a high-current TI electrical stimulation protocol to enhance its intensity and evaluate its safety and efficacy when applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) in the human brain.

Evaluation of tolerability and safety of transcranial electrical stimulation with gel particle electrodes in healthy subjects.

Background: With the advancement of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) technology, an increasing number of stimulation devices and treatment protocols have emerged. However, safety and tolerability remain critical concerns before new strategies can be implemented. Particularly, the use of gel particle electrodes brings new challenges to the safety and tolerability of tES, which hinders its widespread adoption and further research.

Effect of Optimization of TiO Electron Transport Layer on Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells with Rough FTO Substrates.

The film quality of the electron transport layer (ETL) plays an important role in improving the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In order to reduce the effect of rough fluorine-doped SnO (FTO)substrate on the film quality of the TiO ETL, multiple cycles of spin-coating were employed to realize optimized TiO film and improve the performance of PSCs with rough FTO. The results show that TiO ETL was optimized most effectively using two spin-coating cycles, obtaining the best performance of PSCs with rough FTO.

Investigation on Low-temperature Annealing Process of Solution-processed TiO Electron Transport Layer for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cell.

Flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received increasing attention in wearable and portable devices over the past ten years. The low-temperature process of electron transport layer plays a key role in fabricating flexible PSCs. In this paper, we improve the performance of flexible PSCs by controlling the thermodynamic procedure in the low-temperature annealing process of solution-processed TiO layers and modulating the precursor concentration of (6,6)-phenyl c butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)/TiO substrate.

Impact of Perovskite Composition on Film Formation Quality and Photophysical Properties for Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells.

In recent years, flexible perovskite solar cells have drawn tremendous attention in the field of wearable devices, and optimization of perovskite composition plays an important role in improving film quality and photophysical properties. At present, some researchers have only studied A-site organic cations mixing or X-site halide anions mixing in the ABX structure of perovskite, but there are few reports on co-mixing of A-site and X-site ions in flexible perovskite solar cells. In this paper, we mainly try to study the effects of different concentrations of mixed formamidine methylamine halide (FAMABrClI) precursor solutions on the quality and photophysical properties of perovskite films under low temperature process.

Applied Trace Alkali Metal Elements for Semiconductor Property Modulation of Perovskite Thin Films.

With the rapid consumption of energy, clean solar energy has become a key study and development subject, especially the when new renewable energy perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are involved. The doping method is a common means to modulate the properties of perovskite film. The main work of this paper is to incorporate trace amounts of alkali metal elements into the perovskite layer and observe the effects on the properties of the perovskite device and the majority carrier type of the perovskite film.

Influence of Solution Deposition Process on Modulating Majority Charge Carrier Type and Quality of Perovskite Thin Films for Solar Cells.

In the past ten years, extensive research has witnessed the rapid development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and diversified preparation processing craft. At present, the most widely used methods of preparing perovskite solar cells are the one-step method and the two-step method. The main work of this paper is to study the effect of the solution deposition process on the quality of perovskite thin films, as well as modulating majority charge carrier types.