Highly extensile approach for comminuted ulna coronoid process fractures with mini-plate fixation: a case series of 31 patients.

Background: For the treatment of coronoid process fractures, medial, lateral, anterior, anteromedial, and posterior approaches have been increasingly reported; however, there is no general consensus on the method of fixation of coronal fractures. Here, we present a highly-extensile minimally invasive approach to treat coronoid process fractures using a mini-plate that can achieve anatomic reduction, stable fixation, and anterior capsular repair. Further, the study aimed to determine the complication rate of the anterior minimally invasive approach and to evaluate functional and clinical patient-reported outcomes during follow-up.

Engineered three-dimensional bioactive scaffold for enhanced bone regeneration through modulating transplanted adipose derived mesenchymal stem cell and stimulating angiogenesis.

Titanium alloy materials are commonly used in orthopedic clinical treatments. However, conventional titanium implants usually lead to insufficient bone regeneration and integration because of mismatched biomechanics and poor bioactivities. To tackle these challenges, a porous titanium alloy scaffold with suitable mechanical properties was prepared using three-dimensional (3D) printing, and then an adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) loaded platelet-rich plasma (PRP) gel was placed into the pores of the porous scaffold to construct a bioactive scaffold with dual functions of enhancing angiogenesis and osteogenesis.

Dual-functional thermosensitive hydrogel for reducing infection and enhancing bone regeneration in infected bone defects.

The contamination of bone defects is a serious therapeutic problem. The treatment of infected bone defects involves rigorous infection control followed by bone reconstruction. Considering these two processes, the development of biomaterials possessing antibacterial and osteogenic properties offers a promising approach for the treatment of infected bone defects.

A Novel Navigation Device for Precise Percutaneous Placement of the Guidewire in Femoral Neck Fracture Cannulated Screw Fixation Surgery.

The accuracy of screw placement is a key factor for the stability of the cannulated screws used in the fixation of femoral neck fractures. In this study we designed a navigation device for ensuring the screw reaches the ideal position for optimal fixation. From March 2019 to September 2020, 66 patients with femoral neck fracture were enrolled and divided into 2 groups, one group was treated using the traditional free-hand cannulated screw fixation and the other using the new navigation device with assisted fixation.

Functionalized Decellularized Bone Matrix Promotes Bone Regeneration by Releasing Osteogenic Peptides.

The decellularized bone matrix (DCB) provides a promising bone substitute for the treatment of bone defects because of its similar biochemical, biophysical, and mechanical properties to normal bone tissue. However, the decellularized procedure also greatly reduced its osteogenic induction activity. In this study, peptides derived from the knuckle epitope of bone morphogenetic protein-2 were incorporated into the thermo-sensitive hydrogel poloxamer 407, and the peptide-loaded hydrogel was then filled into the pores of DCB to construct a functionalized scaffold with enhanced osteogenesis.

Antibacterial peptides-loaded bioactive materials for the treatment of bone infection.

Bacterial bone infection in open fractures is an urgent problem to solve in orthopedics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as a part of innate immune defense, have good biocompatibility. Their antibacterial mechanism and therapeutic application against bacteria have been widely studied.

Drug delivery systems based on polyethylene glycol hydrogels for enhanced bone regeneration.

Drug delivery systems composed of osteogenic substances and biological materials are of great significance in enhancing bone regeneration, and appropriate biological carriers are the cornerstone for their construction. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is favored in bone tissue engineering due to its good biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. When combined with other substances, the physicochemical properties of PEG-based hydrogels fully meet the requirements of drug delivery carriers.

Reconstruction of the coronoid process with the olecranon tip for chronic elbow dislocation in children: A rare case report and literature review.

The coronoid process of the ulna, as a key part of the elbow joint, plays an important role in maintaining elbow joint stability. Reconstruction of the coronoid process is necessary in both acute and chronic coronoid defects to restore elbow stability and avoid early joint degeneration. The olecranon tip may be a useful autologous osteochondral graft for reconstructing the same shape of the ulna coronoid process.

[Corrigendum] Gene silencing of NOB1 by lentivirus suppresses growth and migration of human osteosarcoma cells.

Subsequently to the publication of this paper, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that, on p. 2174 in the Materials and methods section (subsection ""), the sequence presented for the shRNA targeting the gene appeared to conform with the sequence that would have been predicted to target , according to a blastn search. The authors have checked their original paper, and realize that the sequence of this shRNA was written incorrectly in the paper; the sequence for the shRNA targeting the gene should have been written as: GCTTGCACTCACATACCAGTTCTCGAG- AACTGGTATGTGAGTGCAAGC.

Reverse-traction skin-stretching device for primary closure of large skin defects.

The tension in the skin margin of a wound is the major determinant for wound healing. The difficulty of primary closure for large skin defects due to excessive wound tension has long been a clinical challenge. In this study, we designed and fabricated a reverse-traction skin-stretching device (RT-SSD) to relieve the skin tension of a large skin defect and thereby allow primary wound closure.

MicroRNA-loaded biomaterials for osteogenesis.

The large incidence of bone defects in clinical practice increases not only the demand for advanced bone transplantation techniques but also the development of bone substitute materials. A variety of emerging bone tissue engineering materials with osteogenic induction ability are promising strategies for the design of bone substitutes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that regulate intracellular protein expression by targeting the non-coding region of mRNA3'-UTR to play an important role in osteogenic differentiation.

The use of the pediatric physeal slide-traction plate in the treatment of neer-horwitz grade IV proximal humeral fractures in children: A case report and literature review.

Background: Proximal humeral fractures (PHFs) are rare in children. Currently, the recommended surgical methods for severely displaced PHFs are closed reduction and percutaneous fixation using K-wires or intramedullary nailing, which can't provide firm internal fixation, especially for older and high-weight children. This study aimed to introduce a novel surgical approach, pediatric physeal slide-traction plate fixation (PPSP), for Neer-Horwitz grade IV PHFs in children.

Thermosensitive vancomycin@PLGA-PEG-PLGA/HA hydrogel as an all-in-one treatment for osteomyelitis.

Osteomyelitis is a difficult-to-treat infectious disease. Treatment, which includes controlling the infection and removing necrotic tissues, is challenging. Considering the side effects and drug resistance of systemic antibiotics, local drug delivery systems are being explored.

Novel Covert-Inferior Pelvic Approach with a Subpubic Plate for Anterior Pelvic Ring Fractures: Preliminary Results.

Background: Anterior pelvic ring injuries can be treated via Pfannenstiel, modified Stoppa, or ilioinguinal approaches, but these require exposing the abdominal soft tissues and may damage pelvic organs. The scar on the abdominal wall is also unacceptable for some patients. The minimally invasive anterior pelvic ring internal fixator (INFIX) is not ideal for thin patients with easily irritated skin, and it is associated with complications such as femoral nerve palsy, vascular occlusion, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury.

Dual-functional composite scaffolds for inhibiting infection and promoting bone regeneration.

The treatment of infected bone defects is an intractable problem in orthopedics. It comprises two critical parts, namely that of infection control and bone defect repair. According to these two core tasks during treatment, the ideal approach of simultaneously controlling infection and repairing bone defects is promising treatment strategy.

Chitosan-Based Biomaterial Scaffolds for the Repair of Infected Bone Defects.

The treatment of infected bone defects includes infection control and repair of the bone defect. The development of biomaterials with anti-infection and osteogenic ability provides a promising strategy for the repair of infected bone defects. Owing to its antibacterial properties, chitosan (an emerging natural polymer) has been widely studied in bone tissue engineering.

Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis for complex comminuted bone fractures in the Fraser's type II floating knee: a case report.

Objective: Floating knee type IIC, according to Fraser's classification, is an uncommon severe injury that typically occurs in polytrauma. In such cases, intra-articular fracture and the high degree of comminution and deformity of the mid-distal femur make fixation challenging. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technology can simplify these complex problems and improve patient prognosis.

Identification of serum exosomal miR-98-5p, miR-183-5p, miR-323-3p and miR-19b-3p as potential biomarkers for glioblastoma patients and investigation of their mechanisms.

Background: Exosomal miRNAs have attracted increasing interest as potential biomarkers and treatment targets for cancers, however, glioblastoma (GBM)-related exosomal miRNAs remain rarely reported. The study aimed to screen crucial serum exosomal miRNAs in GBM patients and explored their possible mechanisms.

Methods: Serum exosomal miRNA profile datasets of GBM patients and normal controls were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE112462 and GSE122488).

Plasma Fluorescent Oxidation Products and Bone Mineral Density Among Male Veterans: A Cross-Sectional Study.

In vitro and vivo studies indicate that oxidative stress contributes to bone loss. Fluorescent oxidation products (FlOPs) are novel biomarkers of oxidative stress; they reflect global oxidative damage of lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA. However, whether FlOPs are associated with bone mineral density (BMD) is still unclear.

First case of forearm crisscross injury in children: A case report.

Background: Forearm crisscross injury is rare in children; there is no relevant literature so far. Surgeons lack experience and knowledge in treating this type of crisscross injury. We report a case of forearm crisscross injury in a child for the first time and analyze its mechanism.

Extensile lateral versus sinus tarsi approach for calcaneal fractures: A meta-analysis.

Background: Calcaneal fractures are the most common tarsal bone fracture, and are often accompanied by heel pain, local swelling, tenderness, and inability to walk or stand. Surgical intervention results in better reconstruction of the calcaneal anatomy and reduces future complications; however, the optimal incision approach is still controversial. The incision is exposed better with extensile lateral approach (ELA), while the sinus tarsi approach (STA) causes fewer complications.

Treating sacroiliac joint dislocation through percutaneous sacroiliac screw fixation with the aid of 2 fluoroscopes: a novel technique.

Background: Percutaneous sacroiliac screw fixation is the standard treatment for sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dislocation. In most hospitals, the procedure is guided by a C-arm X-ray fluoroscopy system, which must be repeatedly repositioned during surgery. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of using 2 fluoroscopes simultaneously.