The egg ribonuclease SjCP1412 accelerates liver fibrosis caused by infection involving damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).

Schistosomiasis, a parasite infectious disease caused by , often leads to egg granuloma and fibrosis due to the inflammatory reaction triggered by egg antigens released in the host liver. This study focuses on the role of the egg antigens CP1412 protein of (SjCP1412) with RNase activity in promoting liver fibrosis. In this study, the recombinant egg ribonuclease SjCP1412, which had RNase activity, was successfully prepared.

Programmed cell death in hepatic fibrosis: current and perspectives.

The initiation, development and resolution of hepatic fibrosis are influenced by various cytokines, chemokines, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and signaling pathways. A significant number of studies in recent years have indicated that the progression of hepatic fibrosis is closely linked to programmed cell death processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and PANoptosis. Inducement of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) death or preventing death in other liver cells can delay or even reverse hepatic fibrosis.

Species Persistence with Hybridization in Toad-Headed Lizards Driven by Divergent Selection and Low Recombination.

Speciation plays a central role in evolutionary studies, and particularly how reproductive isolation (RI) evolves. The origins and persistence of RI are distinct processes that require separate evaluations. Treating them separately clarifies the drivers of speciation and then it is possible to link the processes to understand large-scale patterns of diversity.

Effect of flight transport stress on blood parameters in beagles and the anti-stress effect of dangshen.

Background: This study investigated the effect of flight transport stress on beagles' routine blood indexes and biochemical parameters and evaluated the anti-stress effect of dangshen ().

Methods: We selected 12 beagles and divided them into two groups. One group was treated with dangshen decoction two hours before the flight, and the other group was untreated.

Identification of Peptide Antagonists to Thioredoxin Glutathione Reductase of .

Schistosomiasis is one of the world's major public health problems. Praziquantel is currently the only effective drug against schistosomiasis. As resistance of praziquantel has emerged in some endemic areas, development of new antischistosomal agents should be a high priority.

[Preliminary research on prokaryotic expression and immune protection of triosephosphate isomerase of ].

Objective: To study the prokaryotic expression and immune protection of triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) of in mice.

Methods: Total RNA was extracted from toxoplasma tachyzoites, and TPI fragment was amplified by PCR and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a (+). The target protein was induced with IPTG and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography.

Characterization of Schistosoma japonicum CP1412 protein as a novel member of the ribonuclease T2 molecule family with immune regulatory function.

Background: Schistosome infection typically induces a polarized Th2 type host immune response. As egg antigen molecules play key roles in this immunoregulatory process, clarifying their functions in schistosomiasis would facilitate the development of vaccine and immunotherapeutic methods. Schistosoma japonicum (Sj) CP1412 (GenBank: AY57074.

[Progress of researches on diagnostic methods of current infection].

Now schistosomiasis is still a serious zoonosis which affects human health and hinders the economy development in endemic areas. Accurate diagnosis of the infection of is very significant in reducing hazards to human health and controlling the epidemic of schistosomiasis. This review summarizes recent advances in the laboratory diagnostic methods for current schistosome infection (including pathogenic, immunologic and molecular biologic methods) so as to provide the reference for prevention and control of schistosomiasis in the field.

Oxadiazole-2-oxides may have other functional targets, in addition to SjTGR, through which they cause mortality in Schistosoma japonicum.

Background: Schistosomiasis is one of the world's major public health problems. Besides praziquantel (PZQ), there is currently no other effective treatment against schistosomiasis. The development of new antischistosomal agents to curb the emergence of PZQ resistance should be a high priority.

[Study on immunologic function of thioredoxin glutathione reductase from Schistosoma japonicum].

Objective: To study the immunogenicity and the immuno-protection of thioredoxin glutathione reductase from Schistosomajaponicum (SjTGR) against schistosome infection in mice.

Methods: Seventy-five mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely, blank group, PBS group, CpG2 immunized group, TGR immunized group and TGR + CpG2 co-immunized group. Each mouse was immunized for 3 times.

[Enolase and parasitic infection].

Enolase is one kind of important glycolytic enzymes which widely exists in most organisms. A number of recent studies confirm that this enzyme has the functions of activating the plasminogen, involving in the processes of infection and migration of parasites, reducing the immune function of the host as well as preventing parasites from the immune attack of the host. This paper reviews the current research advances in the parasite enolase, and explores its potential for diagnosis, drug development and vaccine target of parasitic diseases.

[Cloning and function analysis of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein of Schistosoma japonicum (Mainland strain)].

Objective: To clone and express a high mobility group box 1(HMGB1) protein of Schistosomajaponicum (Mainland strain) and analyze its function.

Methods: The DNA fragment of open reading frame encoding Sj HMGB 1 protein was amplified by RT-PCR from the mRNA of S. japonicum worms, then it was subcloned into the expression vector pET28a(+) to form the recombinant expression plasmid SjHMGB1-pET28a.

[Progress of research on genetic engineering antibody and its application in prevention and control of parasitic diseases].

Antibody has extensive application prospects in the biomedical field. The inherent disadvantages of traditional polyclonal antibody and monoclonal antibody limit their application values. The humanized and fragmented antibody remodeling has given a rise to a series of genetic engineered antibody variant.

Synthesis and SAR studies of praziquantel derivatives with activity against Schistosoma japonicum.

The synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of praziquantel derivatives with activity against adult Schistosoma japonicum are described. Several of them showed better worm killing activity than praziquantel and could serve as leads for further optimization.

Identification of proteins inducing short-lived antibody responses from excreted/secretory products of Schistosoma japonicum adult worms by immunoproteomic analysis.

Unlabelled: The excretory/secretory antigens of Schistosoma japonicum (Sj ESAgs) play important roles in host-parasite immune interactions. In this study, the antibody response patterns to Sj ESAgs in sera of individual rabbits at the healthy stage, 2-6 weeks post-infection and 4-16 weeks after treatment were examined. Antigens inducing short-lived antibody responses were selected by comparing differences in immune recognition of proteins in sera across the different stages by Western blotting and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS).

[Progress in research on techniques for prolonging half-life of protein and polypeptide drugs].

Following the advancement in molecular biology and recombinant technology, the protein and polypeptide therapeutics have become an important class of clinical drugs due to their unique superiority. However, the problems of stability and short half-life of proteins and peptides also vastly limit their further use in clinic. The focal points of this paper are to introduce the specific ways and the matters needing attention to increase the biological half-life of the therapeutic protein and polypeptide drugs.

[Novel strategies and technologies to achieve the transmission control of schistosomiasis in Jiangsu Province].

According to the requirements of the Mid- and Long-term Plan for Prevention and Control of Schistosomiasis in China and based on the actual situation of schistosomiasis control in Jiangsu Province, this paper demonstrates the new technologies achieved by the scientific innovation and the novel control strategies including integrated control in key regions and control of key populations and surveillance and forecast of key water regions since 2004, with the emphasis on the control and elimination of infected Oncomelania snails. Such strategies and technologies implemented the result in continuous decrease in the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in the province, and the whole province achieved the goal of schistosomiasis transmission control in late 2010.

Characterization of IgG responses of rabbits to Sj14-3-3 protein after experimental infection with Schistosoma japonicum.

An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was developed for detection of IgG against 14-3-3 protein in sera of rabbits. Rabbits infected with 500 cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum were grouped and the characterization of the IgG responses was observed. For the treated group, the IgG could be detected as early as 2-4 weeks post-infection and then their levels rose rapidly and reached a peak at around 6 weeks.

[Research and application of epitope].

Epitope is the basic functional motif of antigen inducing immune response. In immunological research and medical practice, the identification and selection of epitopes are the key points. This paper reviews the current progress of the epitope research and its application in disease diagnosis, vaccine research, disease treatment and other fields.

[Epitope identification of monoclonal antibody 5C6 against 14-3-3 protein of Schistosoma japonicum].

Objective: To identify the epitope of monoclonal antibody (McAb) 5C6 against 14-3-3 protein of Schistosoma japonicum by phage display peptide library.

Methods: The phage display 12-peptide library was screened with purified McAb 5C6 against 14-3-3 protein of S. japonicum three rounds of bio-panning "adsorption-elution-amplification" to enrich the specific binding phages.

Thioredoxin glutathione reductase as a novel drug target: evidence from Schistosoma japonicum.

Background: Schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern affecting billions of people around the world. Currently, praziquantel is the only drug of choice for treatment of human schistosomiasis. The emergence of drug resistance to praziquantel in schistosomes makes the development of novel drugs an urgent task.

[Expression and characterization of recombinant Sj23HD-HSA fusion protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae].

Objectives: To prepare the fusion protein of large hydrophilic domain of 23 kDa membrane protein of Schistosoma japonicum and the mature peptide of human serum albumin (Sj23HD-HSA) and investigate its immunoreactivity.

Methods: A fusion protein gene encoding Sj23HD-HSA fusion protein was prepared by overlapping PCR, which was confirmed by TA cloning and DNA sequencing. The fusion gene of Sj23HD-HSA was directionally subcloned into yeast expression plasmid pWX530 to construct a recombinant plasmid Sj23HD-HSA/pWX530.