Biofluid GPNMB/osteoactivin as a potential biomarker of ageing: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma B (GPNMB)/osteoactivin was first identified in the human melanoma cell lines. GPNMB plays a key role in the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative functions as well as osteoblast differentiation, cancer progression, and tissue regeneration. Recently, GPNMB was used as an anti-aging vaccine for mice.

[Effect of Intensive Insulin Therapy on Prognosis in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction].

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of intensive insulin therapy in the patients with acute myocardial infarction and provide guidance for improving the prognosis. Methods The articles involving the randomized controlled trials(RCT)focusing on the effects of intensive conventional insulin therapy on the clinical outcomes of the patients with acute myocardial infarction were retrieved from Cochrane,Embase,PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,and CBM with the time interval from inception to October 2022.The data of each RCT were extracted and used for meta-analysis in RevMan5.

STING deficiency alleviates ferroptosis through FPN1 stabilization in diabetic kidney disease.

Ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has known as one of the most significant pathological processes involved in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) has been demonstrated its potential in regulating ferroptosis, but the regulatory role in DKD mice and underlying mechanisms haven't been illustrated. To elucidate whether and how STING regulates ferroptosis in DKD, we detected the influence of STING on diabetic-related ferroptosis in a diabetic model and in erastin-induced renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs).

Serum glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) level as a potential biomarker for diabetes mellitus-related cataract: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic disease that has attracted significant research and clinical attention over the years, can affect the eye structure and induce cataract in patients diagnosed with DM. Recent studies have indicated the relationship between glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) and DM and DM-related renal dysfunction. However, the role of circulating GPNMB in DM-associated cataract is still unknown.

Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a novel Anatomical classification and dUal anchoRing theory to Optimize the tavR strategy for pure severe Aortic regurgitation (AURORA): a prospective cohort study.

Background: Success rate of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in aortic regurgitation (AR) patients is relatively low on account of the absence of calcified anchoring structures. Morphological classification and corresponding TAVR strategies for AR are lacking yet.

Methods: The AURORA study is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm cohort study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of transfemoral TAVR for severe AR in patients with high or prohibitive risk for surgery.

Increased production of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in human urine, a novel biomarker of osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is a worldwide disease that seriously affects the quality of life and survival rate of the elderly. The detection of bone biomarkers will provide supplementary information on bone mineral density, contributing to the accurate diagnosis of osteoporosis and better health care for prevention. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of oxidative stress markers-8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGsn) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGsn) in the assessment of osteoporosis.

Oxidative DNA and RNA damage and their prognostic values during Salmonella enteritidis-induced intestinal infection in rats.

Emerging evidence suggests that microbial pathogens may induce oxidative stress in infected hosts. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between changes in oxidative stress and intestinal infection with and without antibiotic treatment in animal models. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups: rats infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S.

Ezetimibe prevents myocardial remodeling in an obese rat model by inhibiting inflammation.

Inflammation plays an important role in the development of many obesity-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ezetimibe on inflammation and myocardial remodeling in obese rats. A rat model of obesity was established, and myocardial damage was examined by transmission electron microscopy and Masson staining.

MnO₂/MWCNTs Nanocomposites as Highly Efficient Catalyst for Indoor Formaldehyde Removal.

Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a main indoor pollutant that is capable of harming the health of residents. Here, we fabricated a novel MnO2/MWCNTs nanocomposite film for non-photocatalytic, room temperature removal of indoor HCHO. MnO2/MWCNTs nanocomposites with various amounts of a-MWCNTs, which were fabricated by a co-precipitation method, were assembled into composite films using vacuum filtration and solvent evaporation.

Association of serum levels of AngII, KLK1, and ACE/KLK1 polymorphisms with acute myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery stenosis.

Introduction: The study aims to confirm the association of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with serum angiotensin II (AngII), kallikrein1 (KLK1), and ACE/KLK1 polymorphisms.

Materials And Methods: Serum AngII/KLK1 levels and ACE and KLK1 genotypes were determined in 208 patients with AMI and 216 normal controls. Binary logistic regression was used for data analysis.

Identification and characterization of a novel CYP2C9 allelic variant in a warfarin-sensitive patient.

Aim: To determine the genetic basis of the low warfarin dose requirement in a Chinese patient.

Materials & Methods: Bi-directional sequencing of CYP2C9, VKORC1 and CYP4F2 genes was performed. CYP2C9 variants were highly expressed in yeast and insect-cell microsomes.

Berberine Attenuates Vascular Remodeling and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome.

Berberine is a natural product that shows benefits for metabolic syndrome (MS). However, the effects of berberine on the improvement of vascular inflammation and remodeling in MS remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether berberine could prevent vascular remodeling and inflammation in the MS condition.

Identification and Functional Assessment of a New CYP2C9 Allelic Variant CYP2C9*59.

CYP2C9, one of the most important drug-metabolizing enzymes, is responsible for metabolizing approximately 15% of clinically important drugs, including warfarin, diclofenac, and losartan. Similar to other CYP members, human CYP2C9 exhibits marked genetic polymorphisms among individuals of different ethnicities. In this study, a novel missense mutation (1300A>T) was identified in a warfarin-sensitive patient after a genetic screen of three candidate genes related to high variability in response to warfarin doses.

Analysis of the oxidative damage of DNA, RNA, and their metabolites induced by hyperglycemia and related nephropathy in Sprague Dawley rats.

We used a sensitive and accurate method based on isotope dilution high-performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS) to determine the levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dGsn) and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosin (8-oxo-Gsn) in various tissue specimens, plasma, and urine of hyperglycemic Sprague Dawley rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). The oxidative DNA and RNA damages were observed in various organs and the amounts of 8-oxo-dGsn and 8-oxo-Gsn derived from DNA and RNA were increased with hyperglycemic status. In contrast to the results of the nucleic acid samples derived from tissues, the levels of 8-oxo-Gsn in urine and plasma were significantly higher compared with that of 8-oxo-dGsn, which most likely reflected the RNA damage that occurs more frequently compared with DNA damage.

Characterization of a novel CYP2C9 mutation (1009C>A) detected in a warfarin-sensitive patient.

Warfarin is the most frequently prescribed anticoagulant for the long-term treatment in the clinic. Recent studies have shown that polymorphic alleles within the CYP2C9, VKORC1, and CYP4F2 genes are related to the warfarin dosage requirement. In this study, a novel non-synonymous mutation (1009C>A) in CYP2C9 was detected in a warfarin-hypersensitive patient, while the other two candidate genes were both found to be homozygous for the wild-type alleles.

Multiple correlations of mRNA expression and protein abundance in human cytokine profile.

With the development of genomic study, researchers found that it is insufficient to predict protein expression from quantitative mRNA data in large scale, which is contrary to the traditional opinion that mRNA expression correlates with protein abundance at the single gene level. To try to solve the apparent conflicting views, here we set up a series of research models and chose soluble cytokines as targets. First, human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from one health donor was treated with 16 continuously changing conditions, the protein and mRNA profile were analyzed by multiplex Luminex and genomic microarray, respectively.

[Identification of a novel CYP2C9 gene mutation (1400T>C) and assessment of its enzymatic activity in vitro].

Objective: To perform a pharmacogenetic study of a patient with warfarin hypersensitivity and determine the biological function of a novel CYP2C9 mutation.

Methods: Genomic DNAs were extracted from the warfarin hypersensitive patient and used for genetic screening of CYP2C9, VKORC1 and CYP4F2 by direct sequencing. Acquired sequences were aligned and blasted with public nucleotide database to clarify whether site mutations were present in these 3 genes.

Huang-lian-jie-du-tang protects rats from cardiac damages induced by metabolic disorder by improving inflammation-mediated insulin resistance.

Huang-lian-jie-du-tang (HLJDT), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to improve insulin resistance (IR) induced by inflammation, a key event in the development of metabolic syndrome (MS). The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of HLJDT on MS and explore the underlying mechanism. MS rats were established with obese-diets and treated with normal saline, aspirin or HLJDT.

Myocardial remodeling in rats with metabolic syndrome: role of Rho-kinase mediated insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance (IR) plays a critical role in metabolic syndrome (MS). Previous studies have demonstrated that activated ROCK is increased in MS patients. However, the effect of Rho-kinase (ROCK) on IR has not been definitely determined.

Simvastatin exerts cardioprotective effects and inhibits the activity of Rho-associated protein kinase in rats with metabolic syndrome.

1. Insulin resistance (IR) is crucially involved in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome (MS). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of simvastatin on IR in rats with MS.

Rosiglitazone attenuates myocardial remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Rosiglitazone, an important peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) agonist, improves left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in diet-induced hypercholesterolemic rats. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of rosiglitazone on myocardial remodeling in spontaneous hypertension rats (SHRs) are unclear. Twenty male 8-week-old SHRs were randomly divided into two groups: one treated with oral saline (n=10) and the other treated with rosiglitazone (5 mgkg(-1)day(-1), n=10).

Arecoline excites the contraction of distal colonic smooth muscle strips in rats via the M3 receptor-extracellular Ca2+ influx - Ca2+ store release pathway.

Areca is a Chinese herbal medicine that is widely used for constipation. However the mechanisms of its action are not clear. We investigated the effects of arecoline, the most active component of areca, on the motility of rat distal colonic smooth muscle strips.

Effects and mechanisms of PPARalpha activator fenofibrate on myocardial remodelling in hypertension.

Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) is highly expressed in the heart, the effects of PPARalpha on cardiac remodelling and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that PPARalpha activator fenofibrate plays a key role in left ventricular hypertrophic remodelling via the formation of c-fos/c-jun heterodimers in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs). Twenty-four male 8-week-old SHRs were randomly divided into two groups, one group treated with oral saline (n= 10) and another treated with oral fenofibrate (60 mg.