Coenzyme Q inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome, metastasis/EMT, and Warburg effect by suppressing hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression in HNSCC cells.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ), a quinone derivative from , has antitumor capabilities. This study investigated the antitumor effect of noncytotoxic CoQ, which included NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition, anti-EMT/metastasis, and metabolic reprogramming via HIF-1α inhibition, in HNSCC cells under normoxia and hypoxia. CoQ suppressed hypoxia-induced ROS-mediated HIF-1α expression in OECM-1 and SAS cells.

The in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities of Antrodia salmonea through inhibition of metastasis and induction of ROS-mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death in human glioblastoma cells.

Background: Antrodia salmonea (AS) exhibits anticancer activities against various cancers.

Objective: This study investigated the anticancer activities of AS on human glioblastoma (GBM8401 and U87MG) cells both in vitro and in vivo and explained the underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods: MTT, colony formation, migration/invasion assay, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, TUNEL, Annexin V/PI staining, AO staining, GFP-LC3 transfection, TEM, qPCR, siLC3, DCFH2-DA assay, and xenografted-nude mice were used to assess the potential of AS therapy.

Coenzyme Q Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation through Mitophagy Induction in LPS/ATP-Stimulated Macrophages.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs with a variable number of isoprenoid units have exhibited as anti-inflammatory as well as antioxidant molecules. Using novel quinone derivative CoQ (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, zero side chain isoprenoid), we studied its molecular activities against LPS/ATP-induced inflammation and redox imbalance in murine RAW264.7 macrophages.

Coenzyme Q, a novel quinone derivative of Antrodia camphorata, induces ROS-mediated cytotoxic autophagy and apoptosis against human glioblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo.

Coenzyme Q (CoQ, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone) derived from Antrodia camphorata exerts anticancer activities against breast, melanoma, and ovarian carcinoma. Glioblastoma multiforme is a common tumor affecting the central nervous system. This study explored anticancer properties of CoQ on human glioblastoma both in vitro and in vivo, and explained the molecular mechanism behind it.

Induction of autophagic cell death in human ovarian carcinoma cells by Antrodia salmonea through increased reactive oxygen species generation.

We reported in our previously executed studies that the fermented culture broth of Antrodia salmonea (AS), a mushroom used in Taiwanese folk medicine induced reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis in human ovarian carcinoma cells. In this study, we studied the anticancer efficacies of AS (0-240 μg/ml) by examining the key molecular events implicated in cell death associated with autophagy in SKOV-3 and A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cells and clarified the fundamental molecular mechanisms. Treatment of ovarian carcinoma cells with AS-induced autophagic cell death mediated by increased microtubule-associated protein LC3-II, GFP-LC3 puncta, and acidic vesicular organelle (AVO) formation.

Chalcone flavokawain A attenuates TGF-β1-induced fibrotic pathology via inhibition of ROS/Smad3 signaling pathways and induction of Nrf2/ARE-mediated antioxidant genes in vascular smooth muscle cells.

TGF-β1 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of vascular fibrotic diseases. Chalcones are reportedly cancer chemo-preventive food components that are rich in fruits and vegetables. In this study, flavokawain A (FKA, 2-30 μM), a naturally occurring chalcone in kava extracts, was evaluated for its anti-fibrotic and antioxidant properties in TGF-β1-stimulated vascular smooth muscle (A7r5) cells, as well as its underlying molecular mechanism of action.

Antrodia salmonea-induced oxidative stress abrogates HER-2 signaling cascade and enhanced apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cells.

Antrodia salmonea is well known in Taiwan as a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus and has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. However, the anticancer activity of A. salmonea against human ovarian cancer is still elusive.

Induction of Nrf2-mediated genes by Antrodia salmonea inhibits ROS generation and inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages.

Antrodia salmonea (AS), a well-known medicinal mushroom in Taiwan, has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-atherogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we investigated the activation of Nrf2-mediated antioxidant genes in RAW264.7 macrophages by the fermented culture broth of AS, studied the resulting protection against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammation, and revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying these protective effects.

The anti-tumor activity of Antrodia salmonea in human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells is mediated via the induction of G₁ cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in vitro or in vivo.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The medicinal mushroom Antrodia salmonea has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine and has demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Materials And Methods: In the present study, we examined the anti-tumor activity of the fermented culture broth of Antrodia salmonea (AS) in vitro and in vivo and revealed its underlying molecular mechanism of action.

Results: Treatment of human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells with AS (50-150 μg/mL) significantly reduced cell viability and caused G1 arrest via the inhibition of cell-cycle regulatory proteins, including cyclin D1, CDK4, cyclin E, cyclin A, and phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (p-Rb).

Antrodia salmonea in submerged culture exhibits antioxidant activities in vitro and protects human erythrocytes and low-density lipoproteins from oxidative modification.

Antrodia salmonea is well known in Taiwan as a beneficial mushroom. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant activity of whole fermented broth (AS), filtrate (ASF), and mycelia (ASM) of A. salmonea using different antioxidant models.

Inhibition of Cell Growth and Induction of Apoptosis by Antrodia camphorata in HER-2/neu-Overexpressing Breast Cancer Cells through the Induction of ROS, Depletion of HER-2/neu, and Disruption of the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Previously, we demonstrated that a submerged fermentation culture of Antrodia camphorata (AC) promotes cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in human estrogen receptor-positive/negative breast cancer cells. However, whether AC is effective against HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancers has not been thoroughly elucidated. In the present study, we showed that AC exhibited a significant cytotoxic effect against HER-2/neu-overexpressing MDA-MB-453 and BT-474 cells.