Engagement of general practice preceptors in teaching residents in outpatient settings in China: a national cross-sectional study.

Background: Outpatient training is crucial for the standardized residency training of General Practitioners (GPs) in China. However, there is concern that General Practice (GP) preceptors may lack the willingness and capacities to teach residents in outpatient settings. Understanding how GP preceptors practice routine outpatient training and their views is essential for designing strategies; however, this issue has not been well studied.

Intervention strategies for management of comorbid depression among individuals with hypertension: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Hypertension and depression often coexisted, leading to poor health outcome and significant challenges in healthcare management. Since no guidelines or consensus are available for health professionals to manage this comorbidity, identifying interventions in current literature is crucial for gaining a clear picture of evidence and informing future research directions and clinical practice. This scoping review is designed to address this gap by systematically mapping the range of potential interventions for managing comorbid hypertension and depression.

The impact of communication training on the clinical care of hypertension in general practice: a cluster randomized controlled trial in China.

Background: Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases with a low control rate globally. The effect of communication skills training contributing to hypertension control remains uncertain. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention based on the Calgary-Cambridge guide in improving hypertensive management.

Nomogram for the prediction of crescent formation in IgA nephropathy patients: a retrospective study.

Background: The 2017 Oxford classification of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) recently reported that crescents could predict a worse renal outcome. Early prediction of crescent formation can help physicians determine the appropriate intervention, and thus, improve the outcomes. Therefore, we aimed to establish a nomogram model for the prediction of crescent formation in IgA nephropathy patients.

Development and Validation of Prediction Models for All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients on Hemodialysis: A Retrospective Cohort Study in China.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop two predictive nomograms for the assessment of long-term survival status in hemodialysis (HD) patients by examining the prognostic factors for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular (CVD) event mortality.

Patients And Methods: A total of 551 HD patients with an average age of over 60 were included in this study. The patients' medical records were collected from our hospital and randomly allocated to two cohorts: the training cohort (n=385) and the validation cohort (n=166).

Association of adverse childhood experiences and depression among medical students: the role of family functioning and insomnia.

Background: Few studies have explored the mechanisms linking adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) to depression in medical students. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ACEs and depression through the serial mediation effect of family functioning and insomnia.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 368 medical students from university in Chengdu in 2021.

Association of depression with cognitive frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: The relationship between cognitive frailty and depression is unclear and quantitative analyses are lacking. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between cognitive frailty and depression.

Methods: We systematically searched Embase, PubMed, Medline (Ovid), Web of Science, and APA PsycInfo (American Psychological Association PsycInfo) databases until April 2022.

Metagenomics-based systematic analysis reveals that gut microbiota Gd-IgA1-associated enzymes may play a key role in IgA nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of glomerulonephritis in Asia. Its pathogenesis involves higher expression of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) and dysregulated intestinal mucosal immunity. The objective of this study was to explore whether specific gut microbiota and associated enzymes affect Gd-IgA1 in IgAN.

Identifying Frail Patients by Using Electronic Health Records in Primary Care: Current Status and Future Directions.

With the rapidly aging population, frailty, characterized by an increased risk of adverse outcomes, has become a major public health problem globally. Several frailty guidelines or consensuses recommend screening for frailty, especially in primary care settings. However, most of the frailty assessment tools are based on questionnaires or physical examinations, adding to the clinical workload, which is the major obstacle to converting frailty research into clinical practice.

Auricular Acupressure for Hemodialysis Patients with Insomnia: A Multicenter Double-Blind Randomized Sham-Controlled Trial.

The effect of auricular acupressure (AA) for maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients with insomnia has been controversial. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of AA for MHD patients with chronic insomnia. This was a multicenter, double-blind (participant and assessor), randomized sham-controlled trial.

Prediction of prognosis in immunoglobulin a nephropathy patients with focal crescent by machine learning.

Background And Objectives: Immunoglobulin a nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease in the world, with different clinical manifestations, varying severity of pathological changes, common complications of crescent formation in different proportions, and great individual heterogeneous in clinical outcomes. Therefore, we aim to develop a machine learning (ML) based predictive model for predicting the prognosis of IgAN with focal crescent formation and without obvious chronic renal lesions (glomerulosclerosis <25%).

Materials: We retrospectively reviewed biopsy-proven IgAN patients in our hospital and cooperative hospital from 2005 to 2017.

Rhubarb Enema Increasing Short-Chain Fatty Acids that Improves the Intestinal Barrier Disruption in CKD May Be Related to the Regulation of Gut Dysbiosis.

The incidence of CKD seriously endangers people's health. Researchers have proposed that improving the intestinal barrier damage in CKD may be an effective target for delaying the progression of CKD. Rhubarb can effectively improve the intestinal barrier and renal fibrosis, which may be related to the regulation of gut dysbiosis, but the mechanism needs to be further studied.

Rhubarb Enema Decreases Circulating Trimethylamine N-Oxide Level and Improves Renal Fibrosis Accompanied With Gut Microbiota Change in Chronic Kidney Disease Rats.

Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolic product of gut flora, is increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD) subjects and is recognized as one type of uremic toxins which is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes and kidney function loss. Previous studies have suggested that rhubarb enema could reduce circulating uremic toxins such as urea, creatinine, and indoxyl sulfate and also regulate the intestinal microbiota. However, whether rhubarb enema retards kidney dysfunction by reducing circulating TMAO and its underlying mechanism, are still unclear.

Volume of Crescents Affects Prognosis of IgA Nephropathy in Patients without Obvious Chronic Renal Pathology.

Introduction: A working group on the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) recently reported that crescents detected in the kidney tissue predicted a worse renal outcome. However, the effect of C1 lesion (crescents in <1/4th of all glomeruli) and their volume on the prognosis of IgAN is still unclear. We explored the association of C1 lesion with the renal prognosis in IgAN patients without obvious chronic renal lesions (glomerulosclerosis <25%, T score <2).

Microbiome-Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Protection Mechanism of -Ketoacid on Adenine-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease in Rats.

As nitrogen-free precursors of corresponding essential amino, -ketoacid have been widely prescribed to end-stage renal disease patients together with a low protein diet However, the impact of -ketoacid on intestinal microbiota in chronic kidney disease (CKD) individuals is unknown. The study aims at investigating the variation in the intestinal microbiota and metabolic profile in response to -ketoacid treatment in an adenine-induced CKD rat model. Rats in the treatment groups were given solution of compound -ketoacid tablets.

The role of urine IgG in the progression of IgA nephropathy with a high proportion of global glomerulosclerosis.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN), the most common glomerulonephritis in the world, is an important cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). It is necessary to explore new prognostic markers for predicting the activity and progress of IgAN. There are few studies on new prognostic markers in IgAN patients with high proportion of glomerulosclerosis.

Effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine combined with Western medicine on deferring dialysis initiation for nondialysis chronic kidney disease stage 5 patients: a multicenter prospective nonrandomized controlled study.

Background: In clinical practice, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) purportedly has beneficial therapeutic effects for chronic kidney disease (CKD), which include delaying disease progression and dialysis initiation. However, there is a lack of high-quality evidence-based results to support this. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CHM combined with Western medicine in the treatment of stage 5 CKD.

Psychological Distress Reported by Primary Care Physicians in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: Primary care physicians (PCPs) play a key role in responding to the COVID-19 epidemic. The objective of this study was to explore the influencing factors associated with self-reported psychological distress among a sample of PCPs in China in relation to COVID-19.

Methods: An online survey was distributed to a sample of PCPs in Chengdu city between February 10 and February 13, 2020.

Bupi Yishen Formula Versus Losartan for Non-Diabetic Stage 4 Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) might have benefits in patients with non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD), but there is a lack of high-quality evidence, especially in CKD4. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Bupi Yishen Formula (BYF) vs. losartan in patients with non-diabetic CKD4.

Plaque control alleviated renal damage that was aggravated by experimental periodontitis in obese rats.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of experimental periodontitis on renal damage in obese rats.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups with 8 animals each: obese rats (obese group), obese rats with periodontitis (periodontitis obese group), obese rats with periodontitis that underwent plaque control (plaque-control obese group), and healthy rats (healthy group). Rats were fed a high-fat diet to establish an obesity model.

Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Emodin via Colonic Irrigation Attenuates Renal Injury in 5/6 Nephrectomized Rats.

Our previous study showed that emodin enema modulates gut microbiota and delays CKD progression. However, the poor solubility, limited colonic irrigation retention time, and inadequate colon adhesion of emodin hinder its clinical application. Based on the deficiencies of emodin, we prepared monomethoxy-poly (ethylene glycol)-poly (lactic acid)-chitosan-2-mercaptobenzimidazole nanoparticles with incorporated emodin (emodin-NP) and studied their efficacy in delaying CKD progression.

The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Chronic Kidney Disease: Friend or Foe?

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that promotes cell responses to small molecules derived from the diet, microorganisms, metabolism and pollutants. The AhR signal regulates many basic cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, adhesion, migration, apoptosis and cell proliferation. Many studies have shown that AhR is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications.