Aging behavior of pyrotechnic agents is a serious threat to the reliability of the practical application of pyrotechnic products, while multiple environmental factors make it challenging to characterize the aging mechanism of pyrotechnic agents. This paper explored the aging process of LA in four hygrothermal environments with morphology and structure analysis techniques. LA aging underwent three stages: rapid surface reaction with HO and CO, interior hydrolysis by HO, and CO reaction with lead oxides.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional electrical stimulation (FES), a rehabilitation technique, typically relies on physiotherapists using trial-and-error tests to determine effective stimulation patterns. Therefore, this study proposed a kind of pedal hill modeling to establish an optimal stimulus mode with the maximum torque efficiency optimization objective. This study also proposed a new model based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the back propagation (BP) neural network algorithm, and the proportional integral derivative (PID) control composite algorithm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe combination of doxorubicin (Dox) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) has been widely explored for treating various cancers, while the heterogeneous distribution, uncontrolled release and acid tumor microenvironment often hinder their synergistic effects. Herein, we introduce an acid/glutathione (GSH)-dual responsive nano-prodrug (AS1411@Dox+GA/NPs) enabling precise co-delivery of Dox and GA for enhanced combination therapy. The GSH-activated Dox prodrug [Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-disulfide-Dox, PLGA-ss-Dox], GA, and sulfur-terminated D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS-SH) are combined to form a nanoemulsion with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO) in the aqueous phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNext-generation cost-effective anion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells (AEMFCs) and AEM water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) have emerged as promising alternatives to costly proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and water electrolyzers due to the possibility of utilizing platinum-group-metal (PGM)-free catalysts and phasing out unsustainable perfluorosulfonic acid polymers. Anion exchange polyelectrolytes (AEPs), which can be utilized as AEMs or ionomers, are pivotal materials in AEM devices. Despite extensive exploration in the past decade, the application of AEPs has been significantly impeded by their poor ionic conductivity, insufficient alkaline stability, and unfavorable mechanical properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPost-surgical recurrence and extensive bone defects pose significant challenges during osteosarcoma treatment. These issues can be addressed using a novel strategy that promotes bone repair after removing residual tumors. Therefore, a 3D-printed porous polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold (PH-GBS@CCP) filled with hydrogel and surface-modified with nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) is designed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNatural compounds demonstrate unique therapeutic advantages for cancer treatment, primarily through direct tumor suppression or interference with the tumor microenvironment (TME). Glycyrrhizic acid (GL), a bioactive ingredient derived from the medicinal herb Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., and its sapogenin glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), have been recognized for their ability to inhibit angiogenesis and remodel the TME.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHalide anion adsorption on transition metals can improve the performance of electrochemical CO reduction reaction (CORR), while the specific reaction mechanisms governing selective CORR pathways remain unclear. In this study, we reveal for the first time the distinct pathway switching between gaseous (CO) and liquid products (formate and ethanol) on the well-defined Ag-Cu nanostructures with controlled chlorination. We show that CO conversion to CO on Ag/AgCl can be tuned by adjusting the thickness of AgCl layer, achieving a high selectivity over a broad potential range in a 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe critical-sized bone defect resulting from trauma, tumor resection, and congenital deformity fails to undergo spontaneous healing due to its substantial size, while the ensuing inflammatory process and hypoxic environment further impede the regenerative process. Therefore, it has consistently presented a significant clinical challenge. In the present study, we incorporate a glycyrrhizic acid (GA)-functionalized hydrogel onto the surface of a Hydroxyapatite (Hap)-modified Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold to fabricate a composite scaffold.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) have attracted great interest for their potential as sustainable, environmentally friendly, low-cost sources of renewable energy. Alkaline polyelectrolytes play a crucial role in AEMWEs, determining their performance and longevity. Because heteroatom-containing polymers have been shown to have poor durability in alkaline conditions, this review focuses on ether-free alkaline polyelectrolytes, which are more chemically stable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe unsatisfactory treatment outcome of Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be attributed to two primary factors, the intricate pathogenic mechanisms leading to restricted treatment effectiveness against single targets and the hindered drug accumulation in brain due to blood-brain barrier obstruction. Therefore, we developed a carrier-free nanomodulator (NanoDS) through the self-assembly of donepezil and simvastatin for direct nose-to-brain delivery. This approach facilitated a rapid and efficient traversal through the nasal epithelial barrier, enabling subsequent drug release and achieving multiple therapeutic effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClusterzymes are synthetic enzymes exhibiting substantial catalytic activity and selectivity, which are uniquely driven by single-atom constructs. A dramatic increase in antioxidant capacity, 158 times more than natural trolox, is noted when single-atom copper is incorporated into gold-based clusterzymes to form AuCu. Considering the inflammatory and mildly acidic microenvironment characteristic of osteoarthritis (OA), pH-dependent dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSNs) coupled with PEG have been employed as a delivery system for the spatial-temporal release of clusterzymes within active articular regions, thereby enhancing the duration of effectiveness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast cancer is the most common malignant tumor that threatens women's life and health, and metastasis often occurs in the advanced stage of breast cancer, leading to pathological bone destruction and seriously reducing patient quality of life. In this study, we coupled chlorin e6 (Ce6) with mono-(6-amino-6-deoxy)-beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to form Ce6-CD, and combined ferrocene with the FFVLGC peptide and PEG chains to form the triblock molecule Fc-pep-PEG. In addition, the IDO-1 inhibitor NLG919 was loaded with Ce6-CD and Fc-pep-PEG to construct the supramolecular nanoparticle NLG919@Ce6-CD/Fc-pep-PEG (NLG919@CF).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSustainable hydrogen production is focused on anion exchange membrane (AEM) water electrolyzers (AEMWEs), which still require more development to achieve high performance and durability. Here, we propose a novel class of porous organic polymers (POPs) as durable solid-ionomers for AEMWEs, which was prepared by reacting the 4-methylpiperidone with trifunctional or a mixture of trifunctional:difunctional aromatic monomers (in a 2 : 3 mol ratio). The resulting POP ionomers exhibited exceptional electrochemical properties and remarkable alkaline stability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMembranes tailored for selective ion transport represent a promising avenue toward enhancing sustainability across various fields including water treatment, resource recovery, and energy conversion and storage. While nanochannels formed by polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIM) offer a compelling solution with their uniform and durable nanometer-sized pores, their effectiveness is hindered by limited interactions between ions and nanochannel. Herein, we introduce the randomly twisted V-shaped structure of Tröger's Base unit and quaternary ammonium groups to construct ionized sub-nanochannel with a window size of 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The incidence of osteochondral defects caused by trauma, arthritis or tumours is increasing annually, but progress has not been made in terms of treatment methods. Due to the heterogeneous structure and biological characteristics of cartilage and subchondral bone, the integration of osteochondral repair is still a challenge.
Results: In the present study, a novel bilayer hydrogel scaffold was designed based on anatomical characteristics to imitate superficial cartilage and subchondral bone.
The judicious management of water and nitrogen (N) is pivotal for augmenting crop productivity and N use efficiency, while also mitigating environmental concerns. With the advent of the High-Farmland Construction Program in China, one-off irrigation has become feasible for most dryland fields, presenting a novel opportunity to explore the synergistic strategies of water and N management. This study delves into the impact of one-off alternate furrow irrigation (AFI) and topdressing N fertilizer (TN) on soil nitrate-N distribution, and N productivity-including plant N accumulation, translocation, and allocation, and grain yield, protein content, N use efficiency of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDemetalation caused by the electrochemical dissolution of metallic Fe atoms is a major challenge for the practical application of Fe─N─C catalysts. Herein, an efficient single metallic Mn active site is constructed to improve the strength of the Fe─N bond, inhibiting the demetalation effect of Fe─N─C. Mn acts as an electron donor inducing more delocalized electrons to reduce the oxidation state of Fe by increasing the electron density, thereby enhancing the Fe─N bond and inhibiting the electrochemical dissolution of Fe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells (AEMFCs) and water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) suffer from insufficient performance and durability compared with commercialized energy conversion systems. Great efforts have been devoted to designing high-quality AEMs and catalysts. However, the significance of the stability of the catalyst layer has been largely disregarded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo handle with the nonlinear external disturbances and unmodeled dynamics of self-balanced vehicle (SBV), a novel adaptive trajectory tracking controller based on asymptotic prescribed performance is proposed. First, a velocity planner based on kinematic is constructed to control the velocity signal to improve the motion stability of SBV. Second, the prescribed performance function (PPF) is designed to prescribe transient-state and steady-state performances (TSP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe low targeted drug delivery efficiency, including poor tumor accumulation and penetration and uncontrolled drug release, leads to the failure of cancer therapy. Herein, a multifunctional supramolecular nanoplatform loading triptolide (TPL/PBAE@GA NPs) was fabricated via the host-guest interaction between glycyrrhetinic-acid-modified poly(ethylene glycol)-adamantanecarboxylic acid moiety and reactive oxygen species (ROS)/pH cascade-responsive copolymer poly(β-amino esters)-thioketal (TK)-β-cyclodextrin. TPL/PBAE@GA NPs could accumulate in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue effectively, mediated by nanoscale advantage and GA' recognition to specific receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: No study has yet demonstrated the effect of lower limb gait rehabilitation robot treatment combined with acupuncture on stroke patients.
Objective: To explore the effect of acupuncture combined with lower limb gait rehabilitation robot on walking function in patients with hemiplegia after stroke.
Methods: Fifty-six patients with hemiplegia after stroke were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups.
Introduction: We examined the association between physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SEB) time with bone health and whether it changes depending on different patterns.
Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional data were derived from the baseline of the Physical Activity and Health in Older Women Study. PA and SEB were measured using Actigraph wGT3X-BT accelerometers.
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a prevalent degenerative disorder that closely linked to aging. Numerous studies have indicated the crucial involvement of autophagy in the development of IDD. However, the non-selective nature of autophagy substrates poses great limitations on the application of autophagy-related medications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is of great significance to develop efficient methods for preparing high-content modified nanoscale lead azide (LA) composites used in microinitiating devices. In this work, a structurally controllable salicylate-intercalated lead hydroxide with a nanoscale mesoporous structure is designed. Using it as a precursor, carbon-based lead azide (LA/C) and salicylate-based lead azide (LA/SA) are fabricated by the gas-solid azidation of the framework (GAF) method within 3 h, greatly reducing the preparation time of nano-LA composites.
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