Unveiling the Therapeutic Potential of Berberine in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Comprehensive Study of Network Pharmacology, Metabolomics, and Intestinal Flora.

Purpose: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease influenced by environmental triggers, including the commensal microbiota. Recent research has highlighted distinctive features of the gut microbiota in RA patients. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of berberine (BBR), a gut microbiota modulator known for its significant anti-RA effects, and elucidates the underlying mechanisms.

Targeting DTX2/UFD1-mediated FTO degradation to regulate antitumor immunity.

Here, we show that vitamin E succinate (VES) acts as a degrader for the mA RNA demethylase fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO), thus suppressing tumor growth and resistance to immunotherapy. FTO is ubiquitinated by its E3 ligase DTX2, followed by UFD1 recruitment and subsequent degradation in the proteasome. VES binds to FTO and DTX2, leading to enhanced FTO-DTX2 interaction, FTO ubiquitination, and degradation in FTO-dependent tumor cells.

Synthetic Breast Ultrasound Images: A Study to Overcome Medical Data Sharing Barriers.

The vast potential of medical big data to enhance healthcare outcomes remains underutilized due to privacy concerns, which restrict cross-center data sharing and the construction of diverse, large-scale datasets. To address this challenge, we developed a deep generative model aimed at synthesizing medical data to overcome data sharing barriers, with a focus on breast ultrasound (US) image synthesis. Specifically, we introduce CoLDiT, a conditional latent diffusion model with a transformer backbone, to generate US images of breast lesions across various Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories.

snoRNA-facilitated protein secretion revealed by transcriptome-wide snoRNA target identification.

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNAs known for guiding RNA modifications, including 2'-O-methylation (N) and pseudouridine (Ψ). While snoRNAs may also interact with other RNAs, such as mRNA, the full repertoire of RNAs targeted by snoRNA remains elusive due to the lack of effective technologies that identify snoRNA targets transcriptome wide. Here, we develop a chemical crosslinking-based approach that comprehensively detects cellular RNA targets of snoRNAs, yielding thousands of previously unrecognized snoRNA-mRNA interactions in human cells and mouse brain tissues.

Early versus delayed start of weight-bearing after arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring tendons.

Background: The aim of this prospective randomized clinical study was to compare the clinical and second-look arthroscopic outcomes of early weight-bearing and delayed weight-bearing rehabilitation protocols following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with hamstring tendons.

Methods: This prospective study involved 90 patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendons. The patients were randomly assigned to either perform weight-bearing exercises at three weeks postoperatively (group A) or at one week postoperatively (group B).

LAMP-MS for Locus-Specific Visual Quantification of DNA 5 mC and RNA mA Using Ultra-Low Input.

Enhancing the effectiveness of utilizing circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for disease screening remains a challenge, necessitating improved sensitivity, specificity, cost-efficiency, and patient adherence. We present here LAMP-MS, an innovative technology that integrates linear amplification with single-base quantitative nucleic acid mass spectrometry on silicon chips. This approach overcomes several limitations in utilizing cfDNA 5-methylcytosine (5 mC) status for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening.

Rhodium-catalyzed synthesis of Si-stereogenic alkoxysilanes and silyl enol ethers hydrosilylation of carbonyl compounds.

A highly efficient rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrosilylation of aldehydes, ketones, and α,β-unsaturated ketones with dihydrosilanes is developed, that allows the rapid assembly of a variety of Si-stereogenic alkoxysilanes and silyl enol ethers in good yields and enantioselectivities under mild conditions. The applicability of this methodology was demonstrated by a series of stereospecific transformations to construct diverse Si-stereogenic derivatives.

mA/YTHDF2-mediated mRNA decay targets TGF-β signaling to suppress the quiescence acquisition of early postnatal mouse hippocampal NSCs.

Quiescence acquisition of proliferating neural stem cells (NSCs) is required to establish the adult NSC pool. The underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we showed that conditional deletion of the mA reader Ythdf2, which promotes mRNA decay, in proliferating NSCs in the early postnatal mouse hippocampus elevated quiescence acquisition in a cell-autonomous fashion with decreased neurogenesis.

Automatic lung cancer subtyping using rapid on-site evaluation slides and serum biological markers.

Background: Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) plays an important role during transbronchial sampling, providing an intraoperative cytopathologic evaluation. However, the shortage of cytopathologists limits its wide application. This study aims to develop a deep learning model to automatically analyze ROSE cytological images.

Sigmoid ventricular septum treated with endocardial ablation to improve left ventricular outflow: cases report.

Background: Sigmoid Ventricular Septum (SVS) is a type of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by a reduced angle between the basal interventricular septum and the ascending aorta, and SVS can lead to dynamic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract obstruction (LVOTO) during hypercontractile states. Patients experiencing LVOTO may manifest symptoms such as angina, syncope, etc. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been utilized to treat patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, but there is no reports on its use in treating LVOTO resulting from SVS.

Bacterial co-infection in COVID-19: a call to stay vigilant.

Co-infection with diverse bacteria is commonly seen in patients infected with the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. This type of co-infection significantly impacts the occurrence and development of novel coronavirus infection. Bacterial co-pathogens are typically identified in the respiratory system and blood culture, which complicates the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of COVID-19, and even exacerbates the severity of disease symptoms and increases mortality rates.