Systemic Artery Aneurysms and Kawasaki Disease.

Background: Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are a well-known complication of Kawasaki disease (KD), but there are no data on incidence or outcomes of systemic artery aneurysms (SAAs) in the current era.

Methods: From April 1, 2016, to March 31, 2019, we screened for SAAs in 162 patients with KD at risk for SAAs with magnetic resonance angiography or peripheral angiography and analyzed incidence and early outcomes of SAAs.

Results: Twenty-three patients had SAAs, demonstrating an incidence of 14.

Transcriptome-wide association study reveals candidate causal genes for lung cancer.

We have recently completed the largest GWAS on lung cancer including 29,266 cases and 56,450 controls of European descent. The goal of our study has been to integrate the complete GWAS results with a large-scale expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping study in human lung tissues (n = 1,038) to identify candidate causal genes for lung cancer. We performed transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) for lung cancer overall, by histology (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and small cell lung cancer) and smoking subgroups (never- and ever-smokers).

Carbon black nanoparticles induce pulmonary fibrosis through NLRP3 inflammasome pathway modulated by miR-96 targeted FOXO3a.

Carbon black nanoparticle (CBNP) is a core constituent of air pollutants like fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as well as a common manufactural material. It was proved to pose adverse effects on lung function and even provoke pulmonary fibrosis.

Encephalitis With Antibodies Against the GABA Receptor: High Mortality and Risk Factors.

To measure mortality, identify predictors of death and investigate causes of death in patients with anti-gamma-aminobutyric-acid B receptor (anti-GABAR) encephalitis. Prospective analysis of anti-GABAR encephalitis cases diagnosed between June 2013 and August 2018 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, with assessment of factors associated with mortality. A total of 28 patients (11 females) with anti-GABAR encephalitis were included in this study.

Increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis for long-term exposure to indoor coal-burning pollution in rural area, Hebei Province, China.

Smoky coal burning is a predominant manner for heating and cooking in most rural areas, China. Air pollution is associated with the risk of atherosclerosis, however, the link between indoor air pollution induced by smoky coal burning and atherosclerosis is not very clear. Therefore, we designed a cross-sectional study to evaluate the association of long-term exposure to smoky coal burning pollutants with the risk of atherosclerosis.

Age at start of using tobacco on the risk of head and neck cancer: Pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium (INHANCE).

Background: Tobacco use is a well-established risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). However, less is known about the potential impact of exposure to tobacco at an early age on HNC risk.

Methods: We analyzed individual-level data on ever tobacco smokers from 27 case-control studies (17,146 HNC cases and 17,449 controls) in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium.

Genome-wide association study of INDELs identified four novel susceptibility loci associated with lung cancer risk.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified 45 susceptibility loci associated with lung cancer. Only less than SNPs, small insertions and deletions (INDELs) are the second most abundant genetic polymorphisms in the human genome. INDELs are highly associated with multiple human diseases, including lung cancer.

Causes of Residual Back Pain at Early Stage After Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: A Retrospective Analysis of 1,316 Cases.

Background: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is now well accepted in the treatment of painful osteopathic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF), providing early pain relief and strengthening of the bone of the vertebrae. However, some patients still experienced severe back pain after PVP.

Objectives: To analyze the possible reason for unsatisfactory back pain relief (UBPR) after PVP at early stage.

Publisher Correction: Shared heritability and functional enrichment across six solid cancers.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

N-methyladenosine-dependent primary microRNA-126 processing activated PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway drove the development of pulmonary fibrosis induced by nanoscale carbon black particles in rats.

The pulmonary fibrosis could be caused by long-term inhalation of carbon black (CB) particles. Studies on the mechanisms of pulmonary fibrosis induced by CB are required to develop the stratagem of prevention and treatment on fibrosis. The RNA-binding protein DiGeorge syndrome critical region gene 8 (DGCR8)-dependent pri-miRNAs processing is regulated by N-methyladenosine (mA) modification, which targets the downstream signal pathway.

Effects of Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibitors on Inducibility of Ventricular Arrhythmias in Rats with Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.

The aims of the present study were to investigate the effects of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNi) on the susceptibility of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in rats with myocardial infarction (MI) and to explore the related mechanisms.A total of 32 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: a control group, MI group, and MI+ARNi group. MI was generated by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery.

Long-term cognitive and neuropsychiatric outcomes in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term cognitive or neuropsychiatric outcomes and potential risk factors associated with prolonged cognitive deficits or neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis.

Methods: In this cohort follow-up study, patients with a definitive diagnosis of anti-NMDAR encephalitis from the inpatient of West China Hospital between June 2012 and December 2017 were included and underwent a prospective cognitive and neuropsychiatric assessment every 3 months by cognitive impairment rating scale, Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and/or Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

Results: Up to 97.

Is the goal of 12,000 steps per day sufficient for improving body composition and metabolic syndrome? The necessity of combining exercise intensity: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: To investigate the differences in body composition and metabolic syndrome (MS) under a daily 12,000-step strategy with or without moderate-intensity walking exercise in college students with obesity.

Methods: Thirty-two adults with obesity (mean (s.d.

Alterations in the human gut microbiome in anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis.

Objective: To explore the diversity and composition of the fecal microbiota in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis.

Methods: We enrolled 10 patients in the acute stage with naïve treatment, seven patients with relapse, 13 patients without relapse in the remission phase, and 12 paired healthy controls. The fecal microbiota in different groups was compared by 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) gene pyrosequencing.

Characterization of serum metabolites as biomarkers of carbon black nanoparticles-induced subchronic toxicity in rats by hybrid triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry with non-targeted metabolomics strategy.

Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) are one of atmospheric particles components and have been closely related with a series of lung diseases. It can reach the depths of the respiratory tract or even alveolar more easily than those micro-particles. Although some of its toxicities have been confirmed in animals or human bodies, the subchronic toxicity mechanism of CBNPs has been uncertain so far.

miRNAs deregulation in serum of mice is associated with lung cancer related pathway deregulation induced by PM2.5.

Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) as an environmental pollution has been associated with the lung cancer. However, the mechanism of epigenetics such as miRNAs deregulation between PM2.

Renal denervation ameliorates post-infarction cardiac remodeling in rats through dual regulation of oxidative stress in the heart and brain.

Background: Myocardial remodeling is the key step in the development of ischemic cardiomyopathy. We aimed to compare effects of renal denervation (RDN) with those of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNi) on cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI), and explore underlying mechanism.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 40; male) were subjected to ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery to induce MI; six rats served as controls.

Suboccipital neuralgia after C1 pedicle screw insertion: do we neglect atlantooccipital joint violation? - Case report and literature review.

Background: Occipital neuralgia is one of the postoperative complications of C1 lateral mass screw insertion, which was deemed to be related with the C2 nerve root dysfunction.

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old female patient presented with gradually progressive numbness and weakness in her extremities for 6 months. X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed obvious anterior atlantoaxial dislocation (ADD), which was reducible on extensive view.

Postmenopausal Androgen Metabolism and Endometrial Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.

Background: After menopause, several androgens continue to be produced primarily by the adrenal glands; these can be converted into estrogens via aromatization or into androgen metabolites. It is unclear if androgens are associated with endometrial cancer risk independently of their being precursors to estrogens or if alternative metabolic pathways influence risk.

Methods: We measured prediagnostic serum concentrations of 12 androgens and their metabolites using highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assays in a nested case-control study of postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study (313 endometrial cancer case subjects, 354 matched control subjects).

Whole-Volume ADC Histogram Analysis in Parotid Glands to Identify Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome.

At present, no gold standard for diagnosing Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is available in clinical practice. The 2002 American-European Consensus Group classification criteria are used to diagnose SS. Clinically, it is challenging to distinguish patients with SS from suspected patients undergoing different therapies.

Investigation of Leukocyte Telomere Length and Genetic Variants in Chromosome 5p15.33 as Prognostic Markers in Lung Cancer.

Background: Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer mortality with relatively few prognostic biomarkers. We investigated associations with overall survival for telomere length (TL) and genetic variation in chromosome 5p15.33, an established telomere maintenance locus.

Joint effects of intensity and duration of cigarette smoking on the risk of head and neck cancer: A bivariate spline model approach.

Objectives: This study aimed at re-evaluating the strength and shape of the dose-response relationship between the combined (or joint) effect of intensity and duration of cigarette smoking and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC). We explored this issue considering bivariate spline models, where smoking intensity and duration were treated as interacting continuous exposures.

Materials And Methods: We pooled individual-level data from 33 case-control studies (18,260 HNC cases and 29,844 controls) participating in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium.

Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI Change, and Overall Survival in Patients With SCLC and NSCLC: A Pooled Analysis of the International Lung Cancer Consortium.

Introduction: The relationships between morbid obesity, changes in body mass index (BMI) before cancer diagnosis, and lung cancer outcomes by histology (SCLC and NSCLC) have not been well studied.

Methods: Individual level data analysis was performed on 25,430 patients with NSCLC and 2787 patients with SCLC from 16 studies of the International Lung Cancer Consortium evaluating the association between various BMI variables and lung cancer overall survival, reported as adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) from Cox proportional hazards models and adjusted penalized smoothing spline plots.

Results: Overall survival of NSCLC had putative U-shaped hazard ratio relationships with BMI based on spline plots: being underweight (BMI < 18.

miR-29a promotes pathological cardiac hypertrophy by targeting the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway and suppressing autophagy.

Aim: Although miR-29 has emerged as a crucial non-coding RNA in the regulation of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, further exploration of its specific mechanisms is necessary to resolve controversy about its major role in this condition. This study therefore evaluated the role of miR-29a and whether it acts through the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Methods: In this study, a rat model of pressure-induced cardiac hypertrophy was established by transverse aortic constriction and verified by echocardiography, histological analysis and quantitative RT-PCR.

The effect of the health poverty alleviation project on financial risk protection for rural residents: evidence from Chishui City, China.

Background: Illness is the leading cause (44%) of poverty in China. Since 2016, The health poverty alleviation project, an integral component of the Targeted Poverty Alleviation in China, was implemented in 2016 to strengthen financial risk protection against illness for financially backward segments of the population. However, the effects of the health poverty alleviation project on financial risk protection have not been explored in the literature, this paper aims to bridge the gap.