Dietary-Lifestyle Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) Systematic Literature Review.

Background: While healthy dietary and lifestyle factors have been individually linked to lower colorectal cancer (CRC) risks, recommendations for whole diet-lifestyle patterns remained unestablished due to limited studies and inconsistent pattern definitions.

Objective: This updated review synthesized literature on dietary-lifestyle patterns and CRC risk/mortality.

Methods: PubMed and Embase were searched through 31 March 2023 for randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies examining adulthood dietary patterns combined with modifiable lifestyle factors such as adiposity, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and/or others.

The valuation of older adult homecare services under a joint medical-social budgetary perspective.

Background: Homecare, a cornerstone of public health, is essential for health systems to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of universal health coverage while maintaining its own sustainability. Notwithstanding homecare's system-level significance, there is a lack of economic evaluations of homecare services in terms of their system-wide cost-savings. Specifically, decisions informed by a joint medical-social budgetary perspective can maximize the allocative efficiency of assigning a diverse service mix to address the complex needs of the older adult population.

The State of Psychosocial Oncology Research on Black Canadian Affected by Cancer: A Scoping Review.

Purpose Of Review: This study aims to examine the current state of psychosocial oncology (PSO) research concerning Black Canadian communities, focusing on their experiences, psychological states, and non-biological aspects of their cancer journey.

Recent Findings: Although there has been increased attention to PSO in the past two decades, there remains a lack of studies specifically addressing the experiences of Black Canadians affected by cancer. This is especially concerning considering the disparities identified by PSO researchers among Black individuals in the United States and the acknowledged health inequities affecting Black individuals in Canada.

Spinal accessory nerve transfer for shoulder abduction has no benefit over supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting in brachial plexus birth injury: a systematic review.

Introduction: Brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) has an incidence of 0.9 per 1,000 live births in the population. Techniques for repair classically include supraclavicular exploration and nerve grafting (SENG) and more recently nerve transfer, namely of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) to the suprascapular nerve (SSN) to improve functional outcomes such as glenohumeral abduction and external rotation.

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Application of Fibrin Sealant Patch for Repair of Inferior Vena Cava.

Introduction: There is a risk of iatrogenic vascular injuries during robotic-assisted laparoscopic excision of diaphragmatic endometriosis. Although studies are limited, the first reported case of a suprahepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) injury during robotic diaphragmatic endometriosis excision was successfully treated using a fibrin sealant patch, preventing exsanguination and conversion to laparotomy.

Case Description: A 36-year-old female with a history of recurrent catamenial pneumothorax and two prior video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries to treat diaphragmatic endometriosis presented to our clinic with right-sided shoulder pain and a chest tube in place.

Assembly of Pyrenes through a Quadruple Photochemical Cascade: Blocking Groups Allow Diversion from the Double Mallory Path to Photocyclization at the Bay Region.

We present a six-step cascade that converts 1,3-distyrylbenzenes (-stilbenes) into nonsymmetric pyrenes in 40-60% yields. This sequence merges photochemical steps, ,-alkene isomerization, a 6π photochemical electrocyclization (Mallory photocyclization); the new bay region cyclization, with two radical iodine-mediated aromatization steps; and an optional aryl migration. This work illustrates how the inherent challenges of engineering excited state reactivity can be addressed by logical design.

Turbulence in the system: Higher rates of left-without-being-seen emergency department visits and associations with increased risks of adverse patient outcomes since 2020.

Objective: To examine risks of severe adverse patient outcomes shortly after a left-without-being-seen emergency department (LWBS ED) visit since 2020.

Methods: In this retrospective study using linked administrative data, we examined temporal trends in monthly rates of ED and LWBS visits for adults in Ontario, Canada, 2014‒2023. In patient-level analyses restricted to the first eligible LWBS ED visit, we used modified Poisson regression to compare the composite outcome of 7-day all-cause mortality or hospitalization following a LWBS ED visit for April 1, 2022‒March 31, 2023 (recent period) to April 1, 2014‒March 31, 2020 (baseline period), adjusted for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index.

[Effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on Treg cells in rats with autoimmune thyroiditis through TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway].

To investigate the effect of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction on regulatory T cells(Treg) in experimental rats with autoimmune thyroiditis(EAT) through the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway. Female SD rats were immunized with iodine-rich drinking water combined with Freund's adjuvant and porcine thyroglobulin(pTG) to establish the EAT model of rats, and the levels of serum thyroperoxidase antibody(TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb) were detected. Pathological sections by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining were observed.

Exosome-Shuttled METTL14 From AML-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes the Proliferation and Radioresistance in AML Cells by Stabilizing ROCK1 Expression via an m6A-IGF2BP3-Dependent Mechanism.

Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) (AML-MSCs) have been identified to play a significant role in AML progression. The functions of MSCs mainly depend on their paracrine action. Here, we investigated whether AML-MSCs functioned in AML cells by transferring METTL14 (Methyltransferase 14) into AML cells via exosomes.

Acute hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome associated with capivasertib, a new, oral targeted therapy for advanced breast cancer.

Capivasertib is a new targeted therapy for the treatment of select cases of hormone receptor positive, HER2 negative advanced breast cancer. Hyperglycemia is a known adverse effect of capivasertib with a 16 % incidence rate, however life-threatening hyperglycemia occurs rarely (incidence 0.3 %).

Ex Vivo Evaluation of a Soft Optical Blood Sensor for Colonoscopy.

Colonoscopies are vital procedures allowing diagnosis of colorectal cancer and other gastrointestinal diseases. However, excessive forces may be applied to the colon during navigation. This can cause bleeding, especially in patients presenting inflammatory bowel diseases.

Elevated uric acid to serum albumin ratio: a predictor of short-term outcomes in Chinese heart failure patients.

Background: The prognostic value of the uric acid to albumin ratio (UAR) in heart failure (HF) remains underexplored. The objective of this research was to investigate the link between UAR and short-term outcomes in Chinese HF patients.

Methods: We analyzed data from 1893 HF patients, out of an initial cohort of 2008, who had available UAR measurements.

Sequential Dual Guide Catheter Technique for Chronic Total Occlusion Interventions in Patients With Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

Triple arterial access is sometimes necessary for complete visualization of the collateral circulation and distal vessel anatomy, and to facilitate the retrograde approach in complex chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with prior coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and multiple sources of collaterals. We present two CTO PCI cases in prior CABG patients with complex occlusions supplied by multiple sources of collaterals for which a "sequential dual guide technique" was used, reducing the number of necessary arterial access points from three to two.

Organocatalyzed Enantioselective Double Dearomatization of Tricyclic Phenols and Alkoxybenzenes.

To advance more efficient dearomatization approaches, we present herein an organocatalyzed asymmetric double dearomatization reaction of tricyclic phenols and alkoxybenzenes by leveraging a novel steric hindrance-regulated dearomatization strategy for nonfunctionalized phenols. This protocol allows the efficient synthesis of structurally complex polycyclic diketones with four tertiary carbon centers under mild conditions while also showcasing the potential of multiple dearomatizations for building intricate molecular frameworks from simple starting materials.

Prospective Cohort Study Investigating Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Chronic Lung Disease in Preterm Infants.

Objective:  Chronic lung disease (CLD) is a complication of prematurity. Studies examining the effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) on CLD are conflicting. This study investigated LC-PUFAs in the red blood cell membrane (RBCM) in preterm infants.

Pharmacists' perceptions of artificial intelligence: A national survey.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing and evolving field impacting pharmacy research, education, and professional practice. The development and adaptation of AI technologies have the potential to radically shape the future of the pharmacy profession. However, it remains unclear how aware pharmacists are of these technologies or their perceptions regarding current and future utilization.

Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship of Covalent Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Papain-Like Protease with Antiviral Potency.

The papain-like protease (PLpro) is a highly conserved domain encoded by the coronavirus (CoV) genome and it plays an essential role in the replication and maturation of the virus in addition to weakening host immune response. Due to the virus's reliance on PLpro for survival and propagation, small-molecule inhibitors of PLpro serve as an attractive model for direct-acting antiviral therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV-2. Building upon existing work aimed at designing covalent inhibitors against PLpro, we report the synthesis and structure-activity relationship of analogs based on the known covalent inhibitor 1 (Sanders, et al.

Catalytic kinetic resolution of helical polycyclic phenols via an organocatalyzed enantioselective dearomative amination reaction.

Despite the considerable potential applications for helically chiral molecules across various sectors, their catalytic asymmetric synthesis remains nascent and has seen very limited advancement compared to that of central and axial chiral compounds, primarily owing to the scarcity of available starting materials and the immense challenges associated with achieving stereochemical control. Herein, we report an innovative approach to the facile synthesis and catalytic kinetic resolution of uniquely structured and stereochemically complex helical polycyclic phenols by using a steric hindrance-regulated enantioselective dearomative amination reaction. The distinguished aspects of this method include the exceptional stability of the dearomatized products and impressive versatility of the recovered substrates in the construction of enantioenriched helical frameworks.

Polyamines mediate cellular energetics and lipid metabolism through mitochondrial respiration to facilitate virus replication.

Polyamines are critical cellular components that regulate a variety of processes, including translation, cell cycling, and nucleic acid metabolism. The polyamines, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine, are found abundantly within cells and are positively-charged at physiological pH. Polyamine metabolism is connected to distinct other metabolic pathways, including nucleotide and amino acid metabolism.

The UBA1-STUB1 axis mediates cancer immune escape and resistance to checkpoint blockade.

How cancer cells escape immune surveillance and resist immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) remains to be fully elucidated. By screening candidate genes frequently gained in cancer, we identified expression of ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 1 (UBA1) as being the most negatively correlated with signatures related to effector CD8+ T-cells. High UBA1 expression was strongly predictive of treatment resistance and poor survival in ICB cohorts.

GPD1L may inhibit the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: bioinformatics analysis and experimental exploration.

Background: Esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent pathological subtype of esophageal cancer (EC). It has the characteristics of significant local invasion, quick disease progression, high recurrence rates, and a dismal prognosis for survival. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase (PI3K/AKT) is a signaling system whose aberrant activation regulates downstream factors, leading to the promotion of cancer development.

Child-friendly family reduces parenting stress in Chinese families: the mediating role of family resilience.

The increasing prevalence of parenting stress has significant implications for the psychological well-being of both parents and children. In view of this, our study sought to examine the mediating and moderating role of family resilience in the association between child-friendly family and parenting stress. Our analysis involved a sample of 316 parents who dedicated a minimum of 14 h per week to caring for their children.