Fertilizers and Human Health-A Systematic Review of the Epidemiological Evidence.

Background: Fertilizers are widely used to supply nutrients to crops, thereby increasing yields and soil fertility. However, the effects of their production and application on human health through occupational, residential, and environmental exposure remain unclear.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review of epidemiological studies on the association between exposure to fertilizers and health-related outcomes.

The effect of SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists on arterial stiffness: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx) are indices used to assess arterial stiffness. We evaluated the effect of sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) on arterial stiffness indices.

Methods: We searched PubMed (up to January 2024) for RCTs assessing the effect of SGLT2i or GLP1-RA on arterial stiffness with reporting outcomes PWV and AIx.

Nutritional Status at Diagnosis as Predictor of Survival from Childhood Cancer: A Review of the Literature.

Few studies so far have examined the impact of nutritional status on the survival of children with cancer, with the majority of them focusing on hematological malignancies. We summarized published evidence reporting the association of nutritional status at diagnosis with overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS), relapse, and treatment-related toxicity (TRT) in children with cancer. Published studies on children with leukemia, lymphoma, and other solid tumors have shown that both under-nourished and over-nourished children at cancer diagnosis had worse OS and EFS.

Outdoor air quality and human health: An overview of reviews of observational studies.

The epidemiological evidence supporting putative associations between air pollution and health-related outcomes continues to grow at an accelerated pace with a considerable heterogeneity and with varying consistency based on the outcomes assessed, the examined surveillance system, and the geographic region. We aimed to evaluate the strength of this evidence base, to identify robust associations as well as to evaluate effect variation. An overview of reviews (umbrella review) methodology was implemented.

Advanced germ cell tumors and chemotherapy in G6PD deficient patients: Yes to chemotherapy but no to rasburicase and some premedications.

Purpose: Glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency has an estimated prevalence of 5 -7.5% of the global population. Administration of some drugs in G6PD deficient patients may result in clinical conditions of varying severity, including potentially fatal sequels.

Exposure to pesticides and childhood leukemia risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Despite the abundance of epidemiological evidence concerning the association between pesticide exposure and adverse health outcomes including acute childhood leukemia (AL), evidence remains inconclusive, and is inherently limited by heterogeneous exposure assessment and multiple statistical testing. We performed a literature search of peer-reviewed studies, published until January 2021, without language restrictions. Summary odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived from stratified random-effects meta-analyses by type of exposure and outcome, exposed populations and window of exposure to address the large heterogeneity of existing literature.